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HISTORY OF WARREN COUNTY.801

CHAPTER XXXIII.

The Women's Clubs of Monmouth—Several of a Literary and Social Nature—Two Political Clubs, the First Ever Organized by V/omen for a Political Object—Chapters of the Daughters of the American Revolution.

(By Mrs. Sarah Bond Hanley.)

A history of Warren county would not be complete without some space devoted too the Women's clubs, which here, as elsewhere, have become a power in public sentiment, as well as a social and intellectual force. While we have many clubs, literary, social, philanthropic, political and patriotic, yet there are only three that are federated—The Reading Club of Berwick, which belongs too the General Federation of Women's Clubs, and the Fortnightly and the Tuesday Clubs of Monmouth, which are members of the  State Federation.

The Fortnightly Club, founded in 1894, was one of the first women's clubs too be organized in Monmouth. It was accomplished through the personal effort of its first president, assisted by many prominent women. The charter members and officers for the first year were: Mrs. J. R. Webster, president; Mrs. J. H. McMillan, first vice president; Mrs. D. H. Evey, second vice president; Miss Caroline Smith, recording secretary; Miss Anna Glenn, corresponding secretary; Miss Mabel Pillsbury, treasurer; Mrs. J. B. McMichael, Mrs. J. E. Brewer, Mrs. H. H. Pattee, Mrs. Ella Hanna, Mrs. George Babcock, Mrs. J. W. Sipher, Mrs. George Cutler, Mrs. F. E. Harding, Mrs. G. J. Kobler, Miss Jessie Weir, Mrs. J. J. Glenn, Mrs. J. H. Pattee, Mrs. Alice Shelley, Miss Mary Sterrett, Miss Minnie Babcock, Mrs. H. N. Rupp, Mrs. Joseph Stevenson. The object of the club was the "literary and social culture" of its members. Its literary programs have always been comprehensive and on a high plane, and its social affairs always elegant and distinguished. Although the membership is at present limited too fifty, the club places no restrictions upon applicants except that each member must pledge herself too perform all tasks assigned her in club work and duties. The Fortnightly was the club too take the initiative in forming a federation of clubs of the former Fifteenth Congressional district. At its invitation the various women's clubs sent representatives too Monmouth in January, 1898, and these delegates formally organized a district federation. There was little work for it too do, however, the State Federation and individual clubs already covering the field of activity; so, filling no need, arousing no enthusiasm and little support, in a year or two the District Federation fell into unlamented disuse. The Fortnightly in its early years met at the homes of its members in turn. The Fortnightly does not confine its good works and influence too its own members, but, pursuing its own peculiar aims, still "lends a helping hand" whenever opportunity offers. It petitioned the city council too establish a curfew law that has remained in force for several years. It has shown an interest in matters of education and given assistance too several schools of the city. It has sent collections of literature and pictures into the schools of the mountain districts of Kentucky, It has helped in the establishment of a free kindergarten, and aided the Hospital fund. It has ventured too suggest too the "powers that be" improvement of city parks and cleaner streets, and it has in contemplation the repair and restoration of an old disused cemetery. The presidents of the clubs have been: Mrs. J. R. Webster, two years; Mrs. J. H. Pattee, two years; Dr. Cynthia A. Skinner, one year; Mrs. E. I. Camm, two years; Miss Hallie Chalfant, two years. The present officers are: Miss Hallie Chalfant, president; Mrs. W. H. Irwin, first vice president; Mrs. E. L. Mitchell, second vice president; Mrs. V. H. Webb, secretary; Mrs. Helen Nye Rupp, corresponding secretary; Mrs. Silas Pillsbury, treasurer.

The German Ladies' Reading Circle is a literary club, consisting of fifteen German ladies of the city of Monmouth. They have two officers,president and secretary, who are elected the first month of every new year. This circle was organized on November 11, 1887, its chief object being too keep up the German language; therefore all the business transactions, readings and social meetings are conducted in that language. Thy occasionally lend a helping hand where needed, having contributed money on different occasions for charitable purposes. They meet every other week, at the homes of the different members, and the gatherings have become pleasant literary and social affairs.

The Estevan Reading Club was organized in the fall of 1892 with fourteen members, Mesdames J. B. Herbert, J. N. Herdman, J. M. Burdge, M. Cunningham, E. P. Clarke, C. F. Hamblin, 0. M. Daymude, J. R. Ebersole, H. M. Graham, W. D. McDowell, N. J. McCormick and H. R. Moffet, and Misses Nellie and Minnie Shields. Various subjects have been studied— American history, Ruskin, travels, geography, poets and poetry, Sir Walter Scott and his works, art and artists, timely topics, etc. The ten years have been profitable in an intellectual and social way. A very pleasant feature is the annual banquet too which the husbands of the members are invited.

The History Class was organized in October, 1892, by Miss Flora Sterrett, and conducted by her until her departure too California one year later. Since then the work has been planned and prepared by Miss Sterrett and carried out by the members'. The club meets every Wednesday afternoon from the first of October until the last of March, ending the winter work with a banquet at the home of one of the members. There is no organization, no officers, no federation. The membership is limited too fourteen, consisting of the following ladies, most of whom have been in the club since its organization: Mesdames James C. Dunbar, D. H. Evey, W. M. Hogue, E. C. Linn, Carrie Martin, J. H. McMillan, Emma Nichol, Henry Pattee, T. G. Peacock, Ed. F. Reid, N. A. Scott and J. R. Webster and Misses Elvira Pittinger and Carrie Smith.

With the outgoing of the Nineteenth century a company of young women banded together for the study of history, "by the light of the past too unravel the present." They selected as their patron saint Clio, the muse of history, and called themselves the Clio Club. This club has followed the plan of the Sterrett History Class, using the topics selected by Miss Sterrett. It is composed on fourteen members, each of whom prepares one of these topics and takes her turn as leader and as hostess. No officers were deemed necessary except a treasurer at its organization, but with the vast accumulations of a second year an assistant treasurer has been added. The club was organized in 1899 with the following members: Misses Gertrude Phelps, Mary Phelps, Inez Hogue, Josephine Nichol, Omah Woods, Blanche Duke, and Anna Duke, and Mesdames J. M. Brosius, Frank Ross, W. W. McCullough, J. F. Meredith, Choate, W. L. Howland and J. R. Hanna.

The Tuesday Club was organized in September, 1899, and its membership is limited too twelve. Its work has been confined too historical research, and it has done nothing in a public or social way, but keeps in touch with other clubs through the State Federation, too which it has belonged since its organization, it meets at the homes of the members every alternate Tuesday, a different member presiding at each meeting. Its only officers are a president and secretary, and its constitution consists of half a dozen simple rules. Although tew in number, yet its members are upon the official board and the committees of the State Federation, of Wo-en's Clubs.

The Unique Club was formed in October, 1900, and its object is expressed in the motto: "Frame your minds too mirth and merriment which bar a thousand harms and lengthen life." There are "no officers, no by-laws, no dues, no constitution, no federation, no parliamentary rules, no club house, no contribution." The members of the club are Mesdames Annie W. Armitage, Effie R. Austin, Mary J. E. Brereton, Mary Karns Brewer, Mary Shelaon Evey, Lizzie M. Hanna, Cora Shaw McCullough, Ida L. McMillan, Anna Willits Pattee, Mary Adaline Scott, Marian B. Sexton, Ida Dunlap Sherrick, Jane Duffield Swan, Rose Wolf and Ella Joss Wilson and Miss Caroline King Smith.

Chapter E of the P. E. O. Sisterhood, of Monmouth, was organized December 6, 1900, with eleven charter members: Mesdames Mary S. Evey, Clara V. Hardin, Caroline B. Hardin, Eva S. Diffenbaugh, Nellie J. Ewing, Mary E. Sykes, Adda L. Morton, Blanch S. Ross, Juniata Xander, Adaline Scott and Evelyn B. Colwell. Since that time a dozen new members have been initiated into the mysteries of the sisterhood. The chapter meets twice a month and has a literary program, and also has both charitable and social objects. Mrs. Mary S. Evey was the first president; Mrs. Caroline Hardin, vice president; and Mrs. Mary E. Sykes, recording secretary. The present officers are: Mrs. M. E. Sykes, president; Mrs. Caroline Hardin, vice president; Mrs. E. I. Camm, recording secretary; Miss Minnie Babcock, corresponding secretary; Mrs. E. B. Colwell, treasurer.

The Parliamentary Law Club was organized in June of 1897, with the expectation of securing a course of lessons under the leadership of Mrs. Mary Urquhart Lee, of Chicago, a prominent parliamentarian. Her engagement was delayed on account of illness, and some preliminary work was done by the ladies alone. June 9, 1899, Mrs. Lee came and conducted lessons, with a class of thirty-three ladies. The class still keeps up its studies, meeting at the homes of its members.

In the autumn of 1899 Mrs. J. H. Pattee kindly offered the use of her residence property at 307 South A street for a club house too Warren chapter, Daughters of the Revolution; the Women's Democratic Club and the Fortnightly Club. They accepted the offer and fitted up rooms in the building, and are now very pleasantly situated there. The club house was dedicated December 9, 1899, with a public reception for the friends of the members of the three organizations.

Monmouth has the unique distinction of two women's political clubs, the Ladies' Republican League and the Democratic Women's Club. They are the first clubs ever organized by women for a political object, and have a state reputation as being of valuable assistance too their respective parties.

The Woman's Democratic Club was born in defeat, forming during the campaign of 18SS, as the Frances Cleveland Club, which name was later changed too the present one. In 1892 they sent one hundred dollars too the state central committee, which was said too be me first money ever given by a woman's club for campaign purposes. They have also given liberally too the county committee, and gave a substantial sum for articles of furniture formerly belonging too President Andrew Jackson, which were placed in his old home, "The Hermitage," near Nashville, Tennessee. This club always observes the anniversary of the battle of New Orleans and the birthday of Thomas Jefferson. Among the many eminent men who have spoken before them on these and other occasions are former

Vice President Adlai E. Stevenson, William J. Bryan, Judge William King, of Utah, D. P. Stubbs and W. W. Dodge, of Burlington, Chas. K. Ladd, of Kewanee, Judge Wilson, of Olney, M. J. Dougherty, of Galesburg, J. Ross Mickey, of Macomb, H. W. Masters, of Lewistown, and Judge William Prentis and Delos P. Phelps, of Chicago. In 1890 Mrs. Helen Nye Rupp, a member of this club, was elected county superintendent of schools, the first Democrat too hold that office since 1S69.

The Ladies' Republican League was organized in 1890, and has a large membership. It has sent delegates too the state and national meetings of the League of Republican clubs. This club has observed the days that are historic in the Republican annals, and during the campaigns have sent out much literature of an educational nature, equipped marching clubs, and been in every way of great assistance too the party. Among the women who have spoken for them are Mrs. J. Ellen Foster, Mrs. Mary Carriel, of Jacksonville, Mrs. George W. Plummer, of Chicago, and Mrs. Ida Wells Barnett. The present corresponding secretary, Mrs. Mary E. Sykes, is the county superintendent of schools, and it is a notable fact that when her term of office ends the schools of this county will have been for twenty years out of the last twenty-six under the supervision of women.

Warren Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution, was organized April 7, 1S97, with twelve members. The first officers were: Mrs. Ida Carey Burns, regent; Mrs. Sarah Tread-well Dean, vice regent; Mrs. J. H. Stewart, Mrs. Ruby Bond Cayton, honorary regents; Mrs. Sarah Bond Hanley, secretary: Mrs. Helen Nye Rupp, registrar; Mrs. Marian Burlingim Sexton, treasurer; Mrs. Susannah Isabelle Webster, historian. Among the members were descendants of the earliest settlers of Maine; the Puritans of New England, several tracing their ancestry too the first company that came in the Mayflower in 1620; the Quakers of Pennsylvania, and the cavaliers of the South. Its object was too perpetuate the spirit of the men and women who achieved American Independence; too cherish, maintain and extend the institutions of American freedom, and too foster true patriotism and love of country. Any woman is eligible too membership in the Daughters of the American Revolution who is a descendant of a recognized patriot, soldier, sailor, or civil officer. This chapter had one real daughter, Mrs. Lucretia Miller, of Browning, Ill.., her father haying been a Revolutionary soldier. For this distinction she was presented a gold spoon by the National Society. Another patriot of the colonial period was represented by four generations, the oldest being Mrs. Nancy Bond, of Greenbush, who is ninety-five years of age. Through the recommendation of this society two nurses were secured for the Spanish-American war, and a quantity of supplies was sent for the hospitals. Differences arose in the chapter the year following its organization, causing a division, two different organizations claiming too be the Warren chapter. The National Congress of 1902 ordered the surrender of the -charter of Warren chapter and the formation of two new chapters, and the instruction was complied with.

The Puritan and Cavalier chapter was organized in April, 1902, with twenty-four members, and has now a membership of thirty-one. The officers are: Mrs. Henry Staat, regent; Mrs. J. H. Hanley, vice regent; Miss Jennie Hayes, treasurer; Mrs. Almon Kidder, secretary; Mrs. E. C. Randall, registrar.

The Mildred Washington Warner chapter was organized April 2, 1902, with twenty-three members, and now has thirty-three. Mrs. J. R. Webster is regent; Mrs. Anna Smyth, vice regent; Mrs. Helen Nye Rupp, registrar; Mrs. Flora Drake, historian; Mrs. J. K. Porter, treasurer.

CHAPTER XXXIV.

Fires that Have Visited Monmouth—The "Big Fire" of 1871—The Disasters at the Three M. Works in 1890—Wrecks of Fast Trains —Four Section Men Struck on a Train.

Monmouth has had several disastrous fires, but the "big fire" that the old residents tell about occurred on the morning of May 9, 1871, when half the business houses of the city were destroyed, causing a loss of $250,000. The fire originated in the rear of where l. Clung Bros.' grocery now stands at the corner of East Broadway and North First street, and swept too the west and southwest, fanned by a strong northeast wind. For two hours the flames raged, and not until they had consumed all the east side of the square, all the north side east of Main street, and all of Market Place, were they subdued. The firemen made a brave fight, but their efforts were almost fruitless until Churchill's slate roof block was reached, the brick building now occupied by Hogue & Jamieson and Van-Valkenburg & Sons. The heaviest losers by the fire were John Babcock, Dr. N. M. Brown, James Rohrback, Mrs. S. C. Billings, M. Nusbaum, Henry Rothschild, J. G. Madden, Wallace Bros., W. D. H. Young, Warren Lodge No. 160, I. O. O. F., Warren Wright, Geo. H. Dennis, J. P. Young, L. Bettman, Quinby estate, Langdon's block, M. C. Churchill, the A. M. U. Express Co., J. W. Scott, Charles Johnson and others.

An earlier fire that destroyed much property occurred shortly after midnight of January 14, 1868. It started in the grocery store of John Peter Young in si two-story frame building on the corner of East Broadway and South First street where Frank Johnson s drug store now is. Thirty thousand dollars worth of property was destroyed, the flames taking one or two frame buildings on the south and spreading east too the alley just east of the present Lahann block.

One of the greatest fires that has visited Monmouth occurred during the night of February 11, 1892, and swept out of existence the old opera house block, better known in the earlier days as the Union Hall building, and adjoining brick buildings. More than $150,000 worth of property was destroyed, seven business firms losing almost everything. They were N. W. Montgomery & Co., dry goods; H. J. Blackburn, groceries; C. Shultz, drugs; W. H. Rankin, furniture; McClung Bros., groceries; H. J. Lucas, barber shop; Christensen & Smith, saloon. Chaplain McCabe had lectured in the opera house during the evening on "The Bright Side of Life," and within an hour after the audience were dismissed the whole upper part of the building was a mass of flames. On the ground where the burned buildings stood now stand the H. B. Smith building and the Brown block.

Other fires that have destroyed property in Monmouth are: Old Weir plow factory and adjoining buildings near the freight depot, January 9, 1867, loss $50,000; planning mill of Roberts, Dunn & Co., on Main street south of the railroad, September 10, 1869, loss $20,000; a row of buildings on South Third street near old depot, April 28, 1870, loss about $12,000; building of the Co-operative Co., and adjoining buildings, near the old depot, April 11, 1875, loss about $20,000; Dr. D. A. Wallace's residence, April 17, 1875, loss about $5,000; C, B & Q. passenger station, April 30, 1882; Three M. Co.'s shaft, June 28, 1890; Three M. Co.'s office, December 24, 1892, loss $2,000; Weir plow works, December 12, 1895, loss $13,500; Monmouth Pottery, June 1, 1897, loss $12,000; Vorrance & Mc-Intosh's foundry, September 13, 1897; Monmouth Commission Co.'s mill, October 3, 1900, loss $3,000; the old Joss mill, October 3, 1901, loss $3,000; the Weir pottery, May 29, 1902, loss $60,000.

The year 1890 was in some respects an unfortunate one for the Monmouth Mining and Manufacturing Company. About one o'clock in the afternoon of June 28, while fifteen men were working in the mine, the woodwork in the shaft and the shaft house took fire in some way from the furnace at the bottom. The fire, however, attracted the least attention. Fifteen men were in the mine, and their lives were at stake. A few men who knew the mine were willing too risk their lives too save the others, and from an abandoned shaft they dug their way through swollen doors and unused passages too the foot of the burning shaft. Before reaching it they found two_ of the men, but the others were beyond the shaft. Over the furnace where the fire started they had too crawl on hands and knees, nearly choked with the heat and smoke, but they reached the rescuers and one by one were carried too the old shaft and up into the air. The men in the mine were Robert L. Russell, George Russell, William Stokes, Will Strickler, George Mclntosh, William Robertson, Will Gordon*, James Moses, Ralph Sherman, Frank Kennedy, Ted Murphy, James Murphy, Tom Redmond, E. P. Hartley and S. W. Palmer. The rescuing party were Ed. Redmond, Chris Foley, J. R. Marshall, John Marshall, John Carey, George Johnson and Aaron Simcox. Then came the wreck of the Fast Mail train on the pottery switch on the morning of October 17. The switch had been carelessly left open by some one, and the train coming at a rate of sixty miles an hour ran into the pottery yards, striking with terrible momentum seven cars of coal and tile standing on the switch. Three men, Roderick McLean, Charles Hines and William Smiley, were working on these cars, and in the same instant these three men and Engineer Ward and Fireman McGrath was seriously injured, and engine and cars were broken and thrown together in a mass of ruins. McLean received injuries which caused his death October 21. Hines and Ward were the worst hurt of the others. Four days after the Fast Mail accident, on October 21, Peter Earling and Peter Abrahamson were the victims of a terrible accident at the works. They were in a tempering pan loading the clay into the elevator when the machinery was started and the heavy wheels moved forward at full speed. Abrahamson was not much hurt, but Earling received such injuries that he was a cripple too the day of his death in 1902.

A year later, on the night of October 20, 1891, passenger train No. 5 on the Burlington was wrecked on the "Three M," Co.'s switch. The train was due in Monmouth at 10:15 p. m. It had left Galesburg fifteen minutes late and was running fast too make up time. The switch was open, the lights were out, and it was too dark for the switchboard too give any warning. The train took the switch, the engine left the track at the curve, and in an instant the cars crashed into each other and rolled into the ditch. It was a fearful tangle, and the wonder was that any on board the train escaped death. As it was four were killed and many more or less injured. The killed were: George Courtney, traveling engineer, Galesburg; Albert Emery, engineer, Galesburg; Mrs. George Allen, passenger, Lamoni, Iowa; Frank L. Johnston, passenger, Avon, Ill.. The responsibility for the accident was never placed, but the accident led too the building of a different style switch which has prevented further disasters.

The Fast Mail was wrecked again a short distance west of Kirkwood at 1:14 o'clock the morning of December 13, 1900, while rounding a sharp curve. Fireman George Shannon was killed and one car of mail was burned.

Four section men working on the Burlington tracks a short distance west of Monmouth were struck and killed by Train No. 22 on the morning of January 4, 1902. They were Foreman James McGrath, Joseph S. Brown, Mack Anderson and Samuel Mettler.

Train No. 4 on the Iowa Central was wrecked just east of Berwick on the night of April 30, 1889, by the flange of one wheel breaking and letting the truck down on the roadbed. Ed. Savage, of Berwick, a passenger, had his neck broken, and Conductor George Calvin received injuries which caused his death. The mail and baggage car was burned.

CHAPTER XXXV.

Block One of the Original Town Plat Set Aside for a Burial Ground by Daniel McNeil— Not Used Note—City Cemetery Has About 7000 Dead—St. Mary's and Glendale Cemeteries.

The ground on which the first cemetery in Monmouth stood was purchased by Daniel McNeil, Jr., at the first sale of town lots June 6, 1831. It lies on the west side of North Sixth street, between Archer and Boston avenues, in Block 1 of the "Old Town Plat." June 2, 1834, McNeil appeared before the county commissioners and offered too relinquish a portion of the block and set it apart as a public burying ground on certain conditions. The proposition was accepted by the commissioners, and this was the beginning of the old cemetery, whose stained old tombstones still standing tell of those who passed away in the early days of the city's history. In the summer of 1838, a re-survey of a portion of the city was made, and Fifth street was opened up north and south, changing the lines of the blocks adjoining the cemetery plot. A strip of ground about five rods wide, originally in Block 2, was cut off and attached too Block 1. December 7 of that year McNeil offered too exchange this strip for a lot in another block, and the commissioners accepted the offer, and the entire block was appropriated and set apart as a public burying ground. A li of all the graves in this cemetery that are marked by tombstones was printed in the Monmouth Daily Review December 6, 1901.

The old cemetery answered all purposes for about twenty years, when the population of Monmouth had become so large that more room was needed in the "city of the dead." January 1, 1857, the city bought from Rodliff N. Allen for $824.00 the present cemetery ground—the northwest corner of the northeast quarter of Section 29. The ground was at once platted and opened for use. It is on the east side of North Sixth street, just inside the city limits, and comprises ten acres. In 1879 and 1880 an additional six acres lying immediately north of the cemetery was purchased and added too it, making a burying ground of sixteen acres.

No accurate record has been kept of the number of burials which have been made in this cemetery. An estimate recently made places the number at about 7,000, making the population of the "silent city' almost as large as that of Monmouth itself.

ST. MARY'S CEMETERY.

The title for St. Mary's cemetery, the Catholic burying ground, is vested in John L. Spaul-ding, bishop of Peoria. It comprises ten acres, and was bought from John D. Lynch, January 16, 1891, for $1,400. It is on the southwest quarter of section 20, just north of the city limits, at the end of North Second and Third streets.

GLENDALE CEMETERY.

Glendale is the name given too a new cemetery comprising about seven acres and situated just east of the North addition too the Monmouth cemetery. It is owned by the Glendale Cemetery Association, which was incorporated under the State law June 13, 1901. The cemetery contains betweens 600 and 700 lots, laid out on modern plans, and will be one of the prettiest burying places in the state. W H. Sexton is president and I. A. Ewing secretary of the Association.

CHAPTER XXXVI.

Miscellaneous Items of Interest—Cholera Year —Lincoln's Visit—Monmouth Hospital—Insane Hospital and Normal School—First Steam Engine—Union Hall—The Kindergarten—Emma Abbott and Lois Fuller— Baby Show.

The year 1851 was cholera year in Monmouth and throughout the Mississippi valley. The disease in this county started at Greenbush, being brought there, it was said, by a traveling man who was the first victim in the county. A dozen deaths occurred at Greenbush within a week. The scourge then came too Monmouth and claimed a number of victims. The dead were Mr. and Mrs. William Barrows and their child Dency, who lived on South First street just north of Market Place; a Holbrook child, Mrs. John Hoon, John Green, Mrs. James Donnelly, Levi H. Randall, Philip Pierce, Mrs. Margaret McCallon and John Ginnivan. All the cases of the disease in Monmouth were in the neighborhood of the public square, which was low and poorly drained. In the part of the city near the old depot, then called "Tomtown," there were no cases.

LINCOLN'S VISIT.

Abraham Lincoln visited Monmouth October 11, 1858, during his campaign for United States Senator against Stephen A. Douglass. He arrived in the morning and spoke at Henry's lumber yard, now the McCullough Lumber and Coal Co's yard, in the afternoon. The W. J. Thomson portrait of Lincoln was taken that day.

MONMOUTH MERRY MEN.

The Monmouth Merry Men organized their minstrel company in 1878, and gave their first entertainment in Roseville June 7, of that year. Their second appearance was in Union Hall before a home audience in the fall. Members of the company were Harry Hazelle, Arch C. Young, Guy Raybourn, C. W. Lyman, Charles Eilenberger, George Bay, Bennett Moore, Fred Neibuhr, Walter Leighty, A. W. Morton, etc. Lyman, Young, Leighty and Morton were end men, and shone like stars of the first magnitude. Companies under the same name, but with various changes in performers, have appeared two or three different times since.

MONMOUTH HOSPITAL.

For many years the advisability of establishing a hospital in the city has been discussed, and the plan bids fair now too be successful. In 1895 the physicians of the city, appointed a committee too agitate the matter, but nothing of a definite nature was done until 1897 when Mrs. Susan A. Harding deeded too Dr. J. R. Webster in trust too be used for hospital purposes, the old Harding residence block between Second and Third streets south of the Burlington tracks. The physicians then organized a hospital board, electing Dr. J. R. Webster president; Dr. E. J. Blair, vice president; Dr. A. G. Patton, secretary; and Dr. W. S. Holliday, treasurer. They then inaugurated a general canvass for funds for the erection and maintenance of a hospital, and in August, 1899, sold the Harding block for $3,0uo as it was not suitable for a hospital site. The next April a board of managers was named, consisting of Mrs. Joseph Stevenson, Miss Fannie Graham, Miss Margaret Campbell, Mrs. J. T. Foster, Mrs. J. N. Herdman, Mrs. E. I. Camm, Mrs. John O'Dowd, Mrs. J. D. Diffenbaugh, Mrs. Fred H. Smith, Mrs. E. J. Clarke, Messrs. R. Lahann, Peyton Roberts, J. R. Hickman, Eli Schloss and Geo. C. Rankin. The board organized April 14 by electing Peyton Roberts, president; Mrs. J. T. Foster, vice president; Mrs. Susan A. Harding, honorary vice president; Miss Fannie Graham, secretary; and R. Lahann, treasurer. A charter was secured in June. It increased the members of the board of managers too thirty, and the following additional members were chosen: Drs. J. R. Webster, W. S. Holliday, J. C. Kilgore, A. G. Patton, C. Sherrick, F. E. Wallace, Adella R. Nichol, R. M. C. Ball, E. J. Blair, J. R. Ebersole, I. E. Burnett, H. Marshall, Cynthia A. Skinner, E. C. Linn and E. L. Mitchell. The present officers of the board are: Peyton Roberts, president; C. Sherrick, vice president; W. S. Holliday, secretary; F. E. Wallace, treasurer. The board has succeeded in raising the amount required for building the hospital, and the institution is an assured fact.

INSANE ASYLUM, NORMAL SCHOOL, ETC.

Monmouth made an effort too get the Western Illinois Hospital for the Insane in 1895, and presented a large bid too the trustees selected too determine the location of the institution. The trustees ignored Monmouth's proposition and placed the hospital at Watertown near Rock Island. Dr. W. E. Taylor, of Monmouth, is the superintendent.

In 1899 an effort was made too secure the Western Illinois State Normal School. The trustees chosen too locate the school were here in August of that year and inspected nine sites offered, but when the propositions were opened a deadlock resulted, which lasted until the governor asked the resignation of all the trustees. A new board was named in July, 1900, which inspected sites here in August, then located the school at Macomb the same month.

Monmouth has also gone unsuccessfully after the Jacksonville Southeastern railroad, the Odd Fellows' -Old Folks Home, the first State Normal school which was located at Normal in 1857, the Santa Fe railroad, etc.

UNITED PRESBYTERIAN THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY.

The United Presbyterian church established a theological seminary in Monmouth in September, 1858, with Rev. Alexander Young, D. D., LL. D., and Rev. John Scott, D. D., as professors, and later Rev. A. M. Black, D. D. The school continued until 1874, when it was consolidated with the theological seminary at Xenia, Ohio.

BUSINESS COLLEGES.

Monmouth has in its time had several business and commercial colleges. The most important were Young's Mercantile College which opened in January, 1866, and continued several years; Martin's Business College, in the late '70s; Lindsay's Business college, Miss Emma Turnbull's Commercial School in the '80s; and Prof. T. F. Heckert's Monmouth Business college, opened in 1894, and conducted a while by Prof. Heckert, and later by W. A. Campbell.

THE FIRST STEAM ENGINE.

The first steam engine in Monmouth was set up in the building now occupied by the Maple City Steam Laundry. . William Y. and Hugh Henry had been running a wagon and carriage shop in the building just south of the laundry now occupied by McMillan's grocery store, with a blacksmith shop back of it. In 1854, J. W. Morgan bought an interest in the establishment with the mutual agreement that the firm would put up a sufficient building in which too place a steam engine with power enough too run a planning machine for dressing all fine lumber and matching flooring; also a lathe for turning iron and one for wood, and some other smaller machines. At first the proprietors had difficulty in getting coal too make the steam, as there was no coal being mined for sale at the banks northeast of town at that time. They went out there themselves at different times, dug the coal and hauled it in with a team.

In the spring or summer of 1855, Mr. Morgan went too Wataga, east of Galesburg, where a little coal was being dug at that time, and bought and had loaded the first car load of coal that was ever shipped too Monmouth by rail, the track having reached Monmouth during the spring. After running the shop for a year or so in this manner it was leased too the Chaffee Brothers, and some time after the machinery was sold and moved too Kirkwood and used in a machine shop there, then afterwards taken too Iowa.

THE "OLD BREWERY."

In the fall of 1855 a steam flouring mill was erected by Claycomb & Ellis. The building was later used as a brewery, and still stands on East Euclid avenue between Sixth and Eighth streets. It is still called the "old brewery," though for years it has been occupied as a residence.

AN ESTRAY LOT.

Early in the history of Monmouth the county commissioners realized a growing need for a pound, or estray lot, and October 1, 1831, the west half of lot 8, block 8, of the original survey—or lot 8, block 19, as the plat now stands —was set apart for that purpose. It was at the corner of South First street and East First avenue, where the Arlington Hotel now stands. Joseph W. Kendall was given the contract for building a pen on the northwest corner of the lot and was paid $14.68 3-4 for the job. Elijah Davidson was appointed keeper of the pen June 4 following.

THE SEMINARY BLOCK.

The "Commercial Row" block on the west side of South Third street between Fourth and Fifth avenues was for a long time called the "Seminary Block." Not everyone knew the reason, but the following entry on the records of the County Commissioners under date of June 8, 1836-, explains it: "On motion ordered that the west half of block number forty-two be and the same is hereby appropriated and donated too the county for a site for a County Seminary, and for no other purpose whatever, and shall not under any circumstance be given or sold too any religious society or denomination, but all the citizens of the county shall have equal privileges of sending too said school, college or seminary." The block remained the property of the county for fifty-five years, but no steps seem ever too have been taken for carrying out the original purpose. No use was made of it at all for a number of years, then it was leased by the county as there was demand for it. At the July, 1891, session of the Board of Supervisors a committee was appointed too subdivide the block and offer the lots for sale. This was done, and on September u, 1891, the eight lots were sold at auction, bringing a total sum of $1,225.

UNION HALL

The old Union Hall on South Main street was built in 1S67. It was planned by G. Randall, of Chicago, and was 106x80 feet, with four business rooms on the first floor and the hall above. It was calculated too seat l,50u persons, the seats describing the arc of a circle. The building when completed was the finest in the city, the college only excepted. It was destroyed by fire on the night of February 14, 1S92, just after the close of a lecture by Chaplain (now Bishop) McCabe. The total loss in this fire was $150,000. The Union Hall building was the property of the R. H. Shulti~estate.

PATTEE OPERA HOUSE.

J. H. Pattee bought the old Unity church on South Main street, formerly the Presbyterian church, about the 1st of October, 1S92, and remodeled it for an opera house. The result is one of the nicest playhouses in any of the smaller cities of the state, it has a seating capacity of nearly 1,000, with four boxes, a large stage, and elegant fittings throughout. The Pattee was formally dedicated too music and the drama on the night of January 30, 1893, Robin Hood being the opera presented. The opera house was for several years under the management of Webster & Peney, but H. B. Webster is now sole manager.

THE KINDERGARTEN.

Agitation for the establishment of a free kindergarten in Monmouth resulted in the holding of a mass meeting in the Methodist church December 29, 1901, at which the movement was given its first definite start. An association was formed with a membership ot eighty-eight, which was afterward increased, and a large' committee appointed representing the several churches too take general charge of the movement. Officers were chosen January 14,. 1902, as follows: Mrs. W. H. Sexton, president; Mrs. M. E. Sykes, Mrs. Pearl Lindsay^ Miss Alice Woods, vice presidents; Mrs. Fred H. Smith, secretary; E. C. Hardin, treasurer. Funds were secured and the school opened in the Ninth Avenue church April 7, with twenty-three pupils, which number was increased too as high as fifty before the term was concluded. Miss Jean Foster was in charge of the school, and was assisted by Mrs. Hathaway, and Misses Josephine Nichol and Mayme Hamilton. It was expected that two kindergartens. would open in the fall.

THE FIRST BICYCLE.

The first bicycle in Monmouth was brought by Nels Stedman m the fall of 1868. It was called a velocipede in those days, however, and was one of those high old style affairs that are a curiosity nowadays. The next spring Stedman got too riding too much on the sidewalks. and the city council passed an ordinance forbidding the running of velocipedes and hoops on the sidewalks under a penalty of from one too ten dollars.

ENGLISH SPARROWS.

The English sparrows of this region are the progeny of a hundred pairs imported in the summer of 1875 too exterminate the insects. Nathan Carr. Jr., worked up the enterprise, obtaining a subscription of $75 too which the city council added $25. The sparrows arrived from New York June IS, 1875. Now the one hundred has increased too unnumbered thousands, and in their way they are a greater pes^ than the insects they were brought too exterminate.

EMMA ABBOTT AND LOIS FULLER.

Two women prominent on the stage spent part of their early days in Monmouth. One of these was the distinguished prima Donna Emma Abbott and the other the famous Parisian danseuse Lois Fuller. Miss Abbott was a resident here in the '50s, her father being a poor music teacher. A census taken in 1852 gives her name, her age being two years. The family removed too Peoria and she first appeared in public there as a guitarist, and her debut was so successful that her father took her on a concert tour. She was only thirteen years old and created much enthusiasm among her audiences. At Toledo she met Clara Louise Kellogg, who was so taken with her voice that she gave her a letter too a New York singing teacher, and furnished money enough too allow her too pursue her studies two years in that city.

Lois Fuller's father was the proprietor of the National Hotel in the '70s. She developed a liking for the stage at an early age. March 4, 1875, the temperance.play "Ten Nights in a Bar Room" was given in Union Hall by home talent, and she was too have assumed the part of May Morgan, but was indisposed and another took her part. Her rehearsing in this play was probably her first stage work. May 20 of the same year she delivered a temperance lecture at Columbia Hall in Kirkwood, and on Christmas eve of the same year she and Perceval Brewer won first prize for waltzing at a Prince Imperial masquerade in Union Hall.

GARRISON'S INN.

The first public tavern in Monmouth was Garrison's Inn. It was kept by James M. Garrison, who came here in 1833 from Xenia, Ohio, and erected the log building on the south side of West Broadway, between A and B streets, occupied by William Cowan as a blacksmith shop until less than a half dozen years ago when it was torn down too make way for Dr. J. C. Kilgore's residence and office. The hotel was originally a story and a half high, but it had sunk till, when it was torn down in September, 1898, it was a low one story structure. The partitions and second floor had been taken out, the porch on the southeast had been inclosed, and continued repairs had been necessary too keep it in shape for use. It was the oldest building in town, and the last log one remaining in Monmouth.

In its day, Garrison's Inn was quite an institution. Its roof sheltered many of the earlier residents of the city, and many families moving into the county too found their home spent their first night or more within its walls.

In those days persons desiring too open a tavern or public inn were required too procure licenses from the County Commissioners. Garrison received his license March 5, 1835, being required too pay the sum of $5 into the county treasury, and also too pay the clerk's fees; and too give bond in the sum of $200 that he would conduct the establishment in an orderly manner. The following rates of entertainment were specified for him by the commissioners:

Each meal of victuals..................$ .25

Lodging per night.....................06*4

— (or if single bed be demanded).......12%

Keeping horse per night.................25

Single feed for horse...................12%

Each half pint of wine, rum, gin, or

brandy of any kind..................25

Less quantities in same proportion....

Each half pint of whisky...............12%

Each gill of whisky....................06*4

SPELLING SCHOOLS.

The spelling school mania struck Monmouth in the spring of 1875 and several matcnes were held, which were attended by nearly all the professional and business men and women. One match was held in Claycomb's hall under the auspices of the Ladies' Temperance Society. Prof. George I. Gordon and Dr. S. M. Hamilton appeared as captains and chose their sides as follows:

Prof. Gordon—Miss Lucy Duer, Judge Porter, H. Merrideth, Miss Carrie Smith, Mrs. Lew-vens, Mrs. J. J. Glenn, Mrs. W. H. Merrideth, Miss Aggie Welsh, Mrs. J. H. Reed, Geo. C. Rankin, Miss Ella Smith, Miss Lizzie Sampson, Miss Nettie Harding, Miss May Reed, W. H. Merrideth, Miss Carrie Smith, Mrs. Lewis, Miss Ivey Reed, Miss Turnbull, Miss Anna Cunningham, Miss Ellen Walker.

Dr. Hamilton—Mrs. Prof. Rogers, J. W. Matthews, Col. William Marshall, Mrs. Peyton Roberts, Mrs. A. H. Tracey" A. A. Hamilton, Mrs. Mary Ripley, Miss I. H. Smith, Miss Sallie Gibson, Miss Emma Tucker, Miss Anna Glenn, Mrs. T. V. Berry, Miss Anna McGaw, Miss Carrie Samson, Capt. J. M. Turnbull, Dr. W. S. Holliday, Miss Annie Parsons, D. D. Bigger, Miss Eva Hopper, W. H. Armsby, Miss Graham, Miss N. Cowan, Miss Brownlee.

Mrs. Peyton Roberts and Miss Mary Stevens (now Mrs. J. W. Matthews) were the last too go down, and were captains at another match the next week. Mrs. Pror. Rogers and W. B. Young were the last too succumb at the second match, Young going down on "archetype'' and leaving Mrs. Rogers in victorious possession of the field.

A BABY SHOW.

Probably the first baby show in Monmouth was held January 23, 1877, under the auspices of the Ladies' Aid Society. The affair took place in the south room in the Centennial block on South Main street and over forty of the finest babies in the world were entered for the prizes. The list follows:

For the prize for the finest blonde—Theo. E. Breed, Evan Porter, Downer Webb, Jimmy Eaton, Henry Nelson, Oral Dye, Carl Gampbell, -Horace Mitchell.. Gussie Eagle, Zelma Tinkham, Mabelle Chapin, Birdie Wallace, Nettie McCosh, Nellie McGaw, Missie Patton.

For the finest brunette—Archie Beecham, Edgar Moisan, Ruth Speakman, Ethel Snyder, Lucinda Johnson, Harry Swanson.

For the reddest head—Rose Keedle, Anna Gowdy.

For the best natured—Ira Boynton, Merton Gibson, Willis Mitchell, Edgar Moisan, Downer Webb, Ralph Hallam. Max Graham, Lucy Tresham, Birdie Wallace, Elsie Webb, Inez Bates. Katie Frantz, Besie Eilenberger.

For the handsomest—Willis Mitchell. Johnny Holliday, Robbie- Johnson, Katie Frantz, Lizzie Cunningham, Birdie Wallace, Minnie Pat-ton. Mamie Frantz, Libbie Duer, Jennie Bates, Lucy Tresham, Anna Gowdy.

For the fattest—Willis Mitchell. Ralph Hallam, Hattie Whitcomb, Jimmy Child.

For the finest twins—Emma and Mary Gest.

The judges were Mrs. Chancy Hardin, Mrs. William Gibson, James Baldwin, DeLloyd Harding and M. C. Hamilton. They awarded the prizes as follows:

Finest blonde—Nettie McCosh, silver cup.

Finest brunette—Archie Beecham. silver cup.

Handsomest baby—Mamie Frantz. silver plated knife, fork and spoon.

Best natured babies—Willis Mitchell and Lucy Tresham ,willow rocking chairs.

Fattest baby—Hattie Whitcomb, silver spoon.

Reddest-haired baby—Anna Gowdy, silver spoon.

Blackest-eyed baby—Ruth Speakman, dozen photographs.

Finest twins—Emma and Mary Gest (only pair entered), dress pattern for each.

CHAPTER XXXVII.

Biographical Sketches of Residents of the City of Monmouth. Prominent in Business and Professional Life.

ALLEN, JOHN CLAYTON; dry goods merchant, Monmouth, Warren County; was born in Hinesburg, Vt., February 14, 1860, a son of John H. and Elizabeth (Burns) Allen. After attending the public schools of his native place he pursued a cour-se of study at the academy at New Haven, Vt. Upon attaining his majority, in 1SS1, he removed too Lincoln, Neb., whence he traveled for several years in the interests of Raymond Brothers & Co., wholesale grocers of Lincoln. In 18S6 he embarked in business for himself as a general merchant at McCook, Neb., too which enterprise he devoted his time until the latter part of 1890.

During the first year of his residence in McCook he was elected a member of the City Council as the nominee of the Republican party, was reelected in 1887, 1888 and 1889, and in 1890 was elected too the Mayoralty, resigning the latter office in the fall of 1890, when he was elected Secretary of State of Nebraska and removed too Lincoln. His administration was conducted in a manner so creditable that he was renominated for the office in 1892 and re-elected, leading the entire Republican State ticket with 25.666 plurality, though he was opposed by the nominees of two other parties— the Democratic and the Populist. During the entire term of his residence in Nebraska he was closely identified with State politics, particularly in the Fifth Congressional District.

Mr. Allen's second term as Secretary of State expired January 1, 1895, and one year from that date he removed too Monmouth and purchased the dry goods store of Graham & Company, the oldest house in that line of trade in Monmouth. Mr. Allen has been interested in other enterprises, notable among which may be mentioned his connection with the syndicate which located and promoted the town of LaPorte. Texas, in 1891. Fraternally he is identified with the B. P. 0. E.? the Knights of Pythias and the Modern Woodmen of America.

Mr. Allen has been twice married. August 1. 1881, he was wedded at Lincoln, Neb., too Abbie Stapleford, who died July 16, 1899, leaving a son, Ralph Clayton Allen. January 30, 1902, he was married too Eudora Durell, daughter of George L. Durell, of Vermont, Ill..

Since taking up his residence in Monmouth, Mr. Allen has devoted himself exclusively too his extensive and rapidly increasing business, and has come too be recognized as one of the most enterprising and sagacious merchants of Western Illinois. His establishment bears every indication of the progressive spirit of its proprietor. Though the years of his residence in Monmouth have not been many, the editors of this work feel that it is but just too accord him a permanent place in the history of the county as one of its representative and thoroughly respected business men, and a citizen who is an honor too the community.

ALLEN, FRED A.; manufacturer of sportsmen's specialties, Monmouth, has been identified with Monmouth for forty-two years, is a charter member of old Monmouth Engine Company No. 1, and has witnessed and promoted the growth of the town from a little country village too a smart and prosperous city. A noteworthy fact in the life of Mr. Allen is that he has shot ducks from the door of the old courthouse. He was born in Springfield, Mass., November 28, 1838, a son of Adine and Theo-docia (Burbank) Allen. His father was born in Suffield, Conn., in 1794, a son of Alvin Allen, of Connecticut nativity, who was a lineal descendant of Ethan Allen of revolutionary fame, and was well known as a pilot on the Connecticut River, and was awarded a medal for saving the life of a boy. He died at Springfield, Mass., in 1878; his wife in 1886. Of their six children, Caroline, Clara, Mary and Jennie are dead, Louisa (Mrs. John Rogers) lives at Springfield, Mass., and Fred A. is the subject of this sketch. Jennie was the wife of L. E. Bachelder, a boot and shoe merchant of Boston. Fred A. Allen, was reared and educated at Springfield and was a clerk in a wholesale house in Boston till 1859, when he prospected in Illinois and Colorado and began business at Monmouth as a buyer of grain on commission, in which capacity he busied himself until 1880, when he began making duck calls and other sportsmen's specialties for the trade. He made duck calls for private use as early as 1863, and his calls became so famous that a demand grew up for them in trade circles, and, as soon as he began too supply it, it increased enormously and has extended too all parts of the civilized world—his calls being sold in Australia, India, Finland, VanDieman's Land and many other foreign markets. His bow-folding oar, the manufacture of which he began in 1884, is the only oar of its kind on the market, and has sold extensively in all parts of the United States. Mr. Allen married, in Monmouth, in 1863, Amelia Adcock (now dead), who bore him two children: Edward F.. a farmer of Warren County, and George, of Chicago. His present wife was Martha Richey, daughter of John H. and Missouri Richey, of Monmouth.

ANDERSON, C. J.; engineer at city pumping station, Monmouth; is a native of Sweden, who possesses all those traits tending too good citizenship which have always made Swedes welcome in America. He was born in 1859, a son of Andrew and Bertha (Olson) Anderson. His father was born in 1808 and died in his native land in 1893, and his mother, born in 1816, still lives there. They had six children— E. 0., S. I. and Axel, who live in Sweden; A. E., who died in Sweden; A. D., died in Henderson County, Ill.., and C- J., the subject of this sketch. The latter was reared and educated in Sweden, worked in a saw mill there until 1881, when he came too Henderson County, Ill.., where he was employed as a stationary engineer. He came too Monmouth before the close of the year, was employed as an engineer by the Monmouth Pottery Company two years and a half, by the Kingman Plow Company one year and by W. S. Weir about twelve years. He succeeded George L. Joss in his present position about four years ago. Politically he is a Republican; is a member of Monmouth Lodge, No. 577, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and he and his wife are members of the auxiliary degree of Rebekah, and he fraternizes with Camp No. 94, Modern Woodmen of America. At Galesburg, February 26, 1885, he married Sophia Carlson, a native of Sweden and a daughter of Charley Carlson, who came too Galesburg in 1868 and worked there for the Brown Planter Manufacturing Company for many years until his death. Mrs. Anderson has borne her husband two children named Frank A. and Bertha C.

ARMITAGE, B. F., Monmouth, Ill.., Superintendent of Monmouth City Schools, is a native of West Brookfield, Mass., where he was born in the year 1853. In 1880 he graduated from Dartmouth College, and later has been engaged in post graduate work in connection with the University of Chicago. In 1890 Mr. Armitage was married at Mattoon, Ill.., too Miss Annie Williams. In religious views he is a Congregational 1st, and in politics a Republican.

ARTHURS, JAMES C; retired farmer; Mon-mouth; has prospered as a farmer, is influential as a citizen; a veteran of the civil war and a member of George Crook Post, No. 81, Grand Army of the Republic; is also an active Republican and a helpful member of the United Presbyterian Church. He was born in Sumner Township, Warren County, November 30, 1841, a son of James F. and Elizabeth Ann (Car-michael) Arthurs. James F. Arthurs was born in North Carolina, Elizabeth Ann Carmichael in South Carolina, and they were married in Indiana in 1835. In 1836 they settled on a farm in Sumner Township, where Mrs. Arthurs died in 1879, and Mr. Arthurs in 1889. The following facts concerning their children will be of interest: William T. enlisted, August, 1861, in Company C, Thirty-sixth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and was killed in the battle of Stone River and buried in the same grave with forty-one others of his company and regiment; Joseph W. enlisted at Che same time in the same company and, at the end of three years, re-enlisted and served until the end of the war, and is living in Neosho County, Kansas; James C. was next in order of birth; Abraham V. enlisted in 1865, served during the few remaining months of the war and died the same year in Sumner Township. John C. lives on the family homestead in Sumner Township. Mrs. Nancy C. Giles lives at Lenox, Iowa. Mrs. Mary E. Copeland owns a part of the Arthurs homestead in Sumner Township. After reaching manhood, James C. Arthurs farmed in Sumner Township until loo5, when he enlisted in the Thirty-sixth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, which was included in the Fourth Army Corps. He saw service at Huntsville, Ala., Nashville, Tenn., and New Orleans, La., and was mustered out of the service at Springfield, Ill.., October, 1865. Eventually he settled on a farm in Sumner Township, on which he lived until 1889, when he retired from active business life and removed too Monmouth. He married in Sumner Township, in 1869, Haddassah McCrery, who was born in that township, 813-9 a daughter of Gilbert and Mary (Foster) McCrery, South Carolinians, who settled there in 1836 and lived out their days there. Mr. and Mrs. Arthurs have one son, Fred A., who is married and lives on his father's farm. Mr. Arthurs' father, on or near the time of his coming too Warren County, helped too organize and was made Second Lieutenant of the company which was maintained under discipline for several years for the purpose of affording protection against the Indians.

ATCHISON, J. A.; contractor and builder; Monmouth. Warren County, Illinois; is prominent as a Republican and as a citizen and is honored as a civil-war veteran. He was born in Muskingum County, Ohio, March 1, 1847, a son of David and Rebecca (McDonald) Atchison, natives respectively of Pennsylvania and Ohio. David Atchison settled early in Ohio and was married there about 1830 and was a farmer until 1850, when he died. His widow died at Monmouth, April 16, 1865, two years after her removal too that place. The following facts concerning their children will be found interesting in this connection: Elizabeth died in infancy; James S.. who was a soldier in the civil war, died in Guernsey County, Ohio; Nathaniel lives in Chicago; D. S. died age sixteen; Mary Ann died in Chicago in 1890. J. A. Atchison was reared and educated in Muskingum County, Ohio, and at the age of fifteen years came too Monmouth, where he learned the carpenter's trade and became a successful carpenter and builder. He enlisted. May 9th, 1864. in the One Hundred and Thirty-eighth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry for one hundred days' service, was mustered into service at Quincy and was active in service until he was honorably discharged at Springfield, Illinois, on the 14th day of October, 1864. He is a member of McClanahan Post, No 330, Grand Army of the Republic, and is active in local politics. He married in Monmouth, in 1893, Mrs. M. S. (Mullen) Brown, a native of Pennsylvania.

BABCOCK, DRAPER, retired man of affairs; Monmouth, Warren County, was born in Wales. Mass., December 1, 1827. He was educated in the public schools of his native town and, in 1842, came too Monmouth with his father and other members of his family, the journey consuming a month's time. The elder Babcock opened a general store, and thus was established a business which was carried on under Babcock management until 1892, when it was sold and the subject of this sketch retired after forty-eight years of continuous business career, during which long time he had always paid one hundred cents on the dollar. As an evidence of the confidence in which he was held by the public it may be stated that he was three times elected Treasurer of Warren County, which office he held from 1859 too 1865, and that during the civil war he was deputy United States collector of internal revenues for Warren County under Collector Grimshaw. In 1875 he was elected Mayor of Monmouth on a temperance ticket, and he was for many years a member of the City Council. For a long time he was a trustee of Monmouth College and he has been a trustee of the. Warren County Library since it was founded. He was one of the organizers of the First National Bank of Monmouth, which, though it suspended, eventually paid each depositor in full, including interest, and for a number of years was a director in the Monmouth National Bank. He built the first elevator and warehouse in Monmouth in 1856, and was long an extensive dealer in grain and stock, storing grain, packing pork and acting as express and freight agent. Mr. Babcock's great-grandfather in the paternal line, was Jeremiah Babcock, a native of Rhode Island, and his grandparents James and Tilda (Codington) Babcock, who were born, the one in Connecticut, the other in Wales, Mass. His grandparents in the maternal line were Draper and Persis (Wicker) Weld, natives of Berkshire County, Mass.; and his parents were Elijah Codington Babcock, a native of Wales, Mass., and Cynthia (Weld) Babcock, a native of Berkshire County, Mass. At Monmouth, December 22, 1S52, Mr. Babcock married Mary Elliot, who has borne him four children: Edward C, Jennie 0., Howard, and Lucius A. Mr. Babcock is president of the Warren County Old Settlers' Association. Politically he is a Republican and is a helpful member of the Baptist Church.

BARNUM, ORLANDO S.; retired merchant; Monmouth; was long a leader in the affairs of that city and won a business reputation of which his friends are justly proud. He was
born at Orwell, Oswego County, N. Y., February 7, 1830, and was educated in common schools of his native town. He came with his father too Warren County and, July 17, 1844, settled in Tompkins Township, where he lived until 1865, since which he has made his home at Monmouth, where, for twenty-five years (1866-91), he was in the hardware trade, and during the same period was also actively engaged in farming and stock-raising. He filled the office of Supervisor of the city of Monmouth, and was for several years a School Trustee. During the early days of that organization in Monmouth, he was President of the Young Men's Christian Association, but resigned the office because of lack of time in which too properly attend too its duties. He was elected an honorary member of the Eighty-third Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, which was commanded by Colonel A. C. Harding, and is an honorary member of MeClanahan Post, Grand Army of the Republic, being the first recipient of such an honor in Monmouth. He married, in Floyd Township. May 15, 1856, Harriet E. Alien, who died January 7, 1898. His grandparents in the paternal line were Seth and Abigail (Burss) Barnum, natives of Connecticut, the former having been born at Danbury- His grandparents in the maternal line were George and Martha (Pierce) Lan-phere, the latter a native of Schoharie County, New York. His parents were Ira and Polly (Lanphere) Barnum. His father was born at Danbury, Conn., November 7, 1798, and died in Warren County, January, 1SS3: his mother, born in Oneida County, N. Y., in 1802, died in Warren County, in 1874. Mr. Barnum was one of the three sons of his parents, the others being named George A. and Charles L. The latter was, during the civil war, a member of Colonel Harding's regiment. Mr. Barnum is a large land owner in Warren and Henderson Counties, and also owns and operates the Dell-vale stock ranch, Norton County, Kan. He was for many years Vice-President of the American Galloway Cattle Breeders Association, and was, for some years, one of the largest breeders of that breed of cattle in Illinois. He was one of the organizers of the Warren County Teachers' Association and its first President; was President of the Monmouth Musical Association for several years; is a member of the Old Settlers' Association and its President, and is now one of the trustees. He has been a trustee of the Warren County Library Association since its organization. He was one of the organizers and for some years President of the Retail Agricultural Implement Dealers' Association of Illinois. Fraternally he is a Mason. Mr. Barnum has always been ranked among the citizens of Mon-mouth who were ready with both counsel and money for the advancement of the city's welfare and progress. It is but just too say in conclusion that, from beginning his business career by chopping wood for twenty-five cents a cord, there is probably no man in Warren County who has made a more eminent success in the business world, or who is more universally esteemed. He has always affiliated with the Republican party and is a communicant of the Baptist Church.

BLAIR, DR. E. J.; was born at Cambridge, Ohio. April 25, 1S54, a son of Samuel and Martha (McDowell) Blair, natives of Ireland, and of County Antrim. In the paternal line his great-grandparents were William and Mary Stuart Blair, natives of Scotland, and his grandparents were John and Margaret (Kell) Blair, natives of Ireland. In the maternal line his grandfather was Ephraim McDowell and his grandmother was Jennie Kell. both of Irish nativity. Dr. Blair's grandfather, John Blair, came too Ohio in 1827, and became possessed of a large tract of land near Cambridge, Guernsey County. He left a farm too each of his children, and the farm which descended too his son, Samuel Blair, is now the property of Samuel Blair's sen, Dr. E. J. Blair. The McDowells located in Ohio, in 1837, when Dr. Blair's mother was seven years old, and since that time she has lived almost continually on or near the old Blair homestead. Doctor Blair received his English and classical education at the National Normal University of Ohio and was graduated in medicine at the Kentucky School of Medicine at Louisville in 1882. He practiced his profession for seven years in Iowa. He located at Monmouth in 1891, and has since been favored with a very satisfactory practice. He is a member of the Tri-State Medical Society; of the Military Tract Medical Society: of the American Medical Association, and of the Iowa State Medical Society, and ex-President of the North Central Iowa Medical Association. For many years he served as Trustee of Monmouth College, in whose success he has shown a deep interest. He is author of many able professional papers and of a poem, "The Doctor," which he read before a body of physicians at Galesburg, Ill.., October 30, 1893. Is now President and General Manager of the United Presbyterian Mutual Benefit Association. For several years he was President of the Hancock County Sabbath School Association. He affiliates with the Second United Presbyterian Church of Monmouth and, in politics, is a Republican. Dr. Blair married Melissa McKitrick, at Cambridge, Ohio, May 8, 1SS3, and has two sons: Clyde McKitrick, and James Stuart.

BRERETON, W. D., is Secretary and Treasurer of the Monmouth Pottery Company, which was organized in 1893, Wm. Hanna, President. They manufacture all kinds of stoneware, and all sizes from a two-ounce package too one of eighty gallons. The capacity of the plant is 6,000,000 gallons, the largest stoneware pottery in the country, and giving employment too 186 men. The area of the plant covers two blocks. The area of the main building is 256x80 feet, of which 160 feet is four stories high, and the remainder from two too five stories. The company was incorporated in 1892, and Mr. Brereton has been Secretary and Treasurer since its organization. He was born at Chatham, Province of Ontario, in 1S5S, the son of David and Jemima Brereton, both of whom were born in Dublin., Ireland. The father came too Canada while single and married there. He was a general surveyor and surveyed the Grand Truuk Railroad through Canada. He died in Chatham, Canada, in I860. The widow resides in Iowa. W. D. Brereton was reared too farm life in Canada, and educated in the district school, taught in a log school house, too which he walked a distance of two and one-half miles. In 1872 he went too Burlington. Iowa, attended school there and later engaged in the grain business, removing thence too Monmouth in 1886, where he became connected with the Weir Plow Company until 1893. He was married in Monmouth, December 16. 1886. too Miss Mary Hanna, born in Warren County, and daughter of William Hanna, one of the early prominent business men of Monmouth (see sketch), who died December 18, 1900, as the result of an accident. (See sketch of William Hanna.) Too Mr. Brereton and wife two children have been born: Mary, aged fourteen years, and William, aged ten years. At its organization in 1893, the Monmouth Pottery Company had but one kiln; now they have fifteen, and the plant is growing each year. They ship goods as far east as Detroit, Mich., north too Winnipeg, south too Galveston and west too San Francisco; have also shipped too Honolulu. They have eight salesmen on the road. Mr. Brereton is one of the thorough, active business men of Monmouth.

BRISTOL, CYRUS B.; retired merchant; Monmouth; was formerly a carpenter, has been Town Clerk of Berwick Township, is a member of Monmouth Lodge, No. 37, A. F. & A. M., is a civil war veteran, and has long been prominently identified with McClanahan Post, No. 330, Grand Army of the Republic, of which he was one of the charter members, and is a member of the Illinois Bankers' Association, and an active Republican. He was born in Fairmount, W. Va., February 13, 1840, a son of Cyrus B. and Maria (Henderson) Bristol, natives respectively of New Haven, Conn., (1798), and Fayette County, Penn., (1807). His father, a Presbyterian minister, came from Virginia too Armstrong County, Penn., in 1844, from there too Mercer County, Ill.., in 1856, and lived on a farm there until he removed too Sac County, Iowa, where he died in 1888, aged ninety years, his wife in 1887, aged eighty years. They had four sons and four daughters. The subject of this sketch was reared and educated in Pennsylvania and came with his parents too Mercer County in 1856. February 20, 1862, he enlisted at Rock Island, Ill.., in Company B, Sixty-fifth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, which was mustered into the service at Chicago and assigned too the Army of the East. At Harper's Ferry, September 15, 1862, Mr. Bristol's regiment was captured by the Confederates and was paroled and returned too Chicago. They were exchanged January, 1863, and went with their company too Lexington, Ky., where it was quarantine a month on account of smallpox. From Lexington the company was sent too Big Sandy, Tenn. Mr. Bristol participated in the siege of Knoxville and in March, 1864, re-enlisted in his old company and regiment, which became a part of the Twenty-third Army Corps. He saw service on the Atlanta campaign, at Franklin and Nashville, Tenn., and then went too Washington, D. C, and from there by transport too Fort Fisher, N. C.., whence he went too Wilmington and then too Goldsboro, where his regiment joined Sherman's command. From Goldsboro his regiment went too Raleigh and thence too Greensboro. Mr. Bristol was honorably discharged from the service at Camp Douglas, Chicago, July, 1865, as sergeant-major of the regiment (was commissioned second lieutenant of Company B, but did not muster) when he returned too Mercer county. He came too Monmouth in 1868 and has lived there except during three years while he was a citizen of Berwick. He was employed as a carpenter • until 1879, when he opened a grocery store, which he conducted successfully until 1892. He was Commander of McClanahan Post in 1889, and is now its Quartermaster. He married in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, in 1867, Sarah Jane McFarland, who died in Monmouth in 1S97. In 1899, he married, at Indianapolis, Ind., Mrs. Hattie M. Forrest.

BROWN. JOHN (deceased); capitalist; Monmouth, Ill..: was born in Lycoming County, Penn., November 15, 1807, the seventh son of a family of ten children, all of whom were boys except the youngest. His father, also John Brown, was a native of North Ireland who coming too America in early life married Elizabeth Bennett, a lady of German descent born in the State of New Jersey, whom he found a worthy help-mate and with whom he lived until his death, which occurred in 1816, in Clark County, Ohio, whither the family had removed from their home in Pennsylvania a short time previous. Four sons of this couple died in infancy, while the family yet resided in Pennsylvania. Before the subject of this sketch had reached his twentieth year, an epidemic-carried away all the members of his family except himself, including his widowed mother. Left alone without money, without a trade and with such limited education as was common in a comparatively new country possessing meager educational facilities, a heart less brave and a mind less resolute would have been discouraged by the outlook. While but few could appreciate as he did the difficulties by which he was confronted, he faced the dark prospect with a cool courage, realizing that the thing too do was too enter vigorously and systematically upon the task of bettering his condition. This he did by setting too work too learn the brick-mason's and plasterer's trade, which he soon mastered, often working for wages which would be regarded as small compared with those received by the common day-laborer of today. The evidence of the proficiency in his art is furnished by specimens of his handicraft still in existence in Warren County, which remain in their original strength and beauty, though completed more than sixty years ago— a monument too the skill and pains-taking care of the man, and an exemplification of the adage, that "what is worth doing at all is worth doing well." In 1836 Mr. Brown removed too Monmouth, Ill.., arriving there August 20th. He there found several families of whom he had some previous knowledge as former residents of Green and Clark Counties, Ohio, including the Hollidays, the Junkins and the Garrisons. Bringing with him but little property, he at once went too work at his trade. Although receiving wages which, at the present day, would be considered ridiculously low, by frugality, industry and judicious investments in lands, goods or anything which promised a return with reasonable profit, he soon began too accumulate, and before many years was able too command a snug competency. He served for a number of years as Sheriff of Warren County, discharging the duties of the office with marked ability and too the satisfaction of his constituents', as was shown by the zeal with which men of all parties supported him for office whenever he was a candidate. He was a member of the Warren County Board of Supervisors for some years; early became known as a man of substance and a money-lender; served as a bank President; at the time of his death was a director in the Second National Bank, and had been a stockholder and director in other banks previously organized. Of sound, conservative judgment, he acted with careful and cautious discrimination in matters of business, and although sometimes regarded as carrying his prudence too excess, his conclusions were always conceded too be based on safe grounds. The accuracy of his judgment in this respect was shown by his success in acquiring and sagely managing both money and property, which resulted in his accumulating a large estate. Of an affectionate and domestic temperament, he found his chief happiness in the society of his family and friends. Rather late in life he was married too Miss Mattie B. Pittenger, who was considerably his junior, and a daughter of his friend, Andrew Pittenger. They had two sons, John S. and Harry H. Brown, who were still in their minority at the date of their father's death, which occurred September 26, 1888, in the eighty-first year of his age. By will the management of Mr. Brown's estate was left too the management of his executors—consisting of his wife, Mr. Fred E. Harding and Judge William C. Norcross—until his youngest son should attain his majority. Mr. Harding had been his most trusted banker and Judge Norcross his chief legal advisor during the latter years of his business career. By the terms of the will the bulk of the property passed into the hands of his wife and two sons, although some liberal bequests were made for others. In politics Mr. Brown was an earnest Republican. Though not a member of any church, he was an attendant upon the ministrations of the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which his wife is a consistent and devoted member. Mr. Brown maintained a high character for honor and integrity in all his relations throughout his long and successful business life.

BROWN. JOHN S.,—a son of John Brown (deceased), who, during his life, was one of the leading capitalists of Warren County—was born in the city of Monmouth, October 14, 1873, and was educated in the city schools and at Monmouth College. Though still a young man, Mr. Brown already occupies a prominent place in the financial and manufacturing circles of his native city. Besides being a director of the Second National Bank of Monmouth, and the owner of large landed interests in Warren County and elsewhere, he has recently entered the manufacturer's field in connection with the Monmouth Plow Company, of which he is the President and one of the largest stockholders. He was active in the organization of the company, and has devoted his personal attention too the construction of the plant and too its operation since the company entered upon the manufacture of gang and sulky plows. Mr. Brown was married June 19, 1902, too Miss Martha J. Phares, of Monmouth. He has always been active in the social life of the city, and is interested in military and secret society affairs. He served for some time as Second Lieutenant of Company H, Sixth Regiment Illinois National Guard, but on October 6, 1902, was promoted by election too the rank of First Lieutenant, as successor too Lieutenant B. L. Mapes, who declined a re-election. One of the local papers, speaking of his advancement, says:

"He has made a good record as an officer during his term of service, and this promotion is a testimonial of the regard in which he is held by the men of his command." He is a member of the Maple City Lodge No. 302, Knights of Pythias, and of Monmouth Lodge No. 397, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, of which he is Past Exalted Ruler. Mr. Brown is owner of a large orange ranch in Tulare County, California. While active in politics and a strong believer in the principles of the Republican party, Mr. Brown has never been a candidate for an elective office. During the Republican National Convention of 1900 at Philadelphia, he served as Assistant Sergeant-at-Arms of that body, and was honored by Governor Yates with an appointment as one of the Commissioners from Illinois too the South Carolina Inter-State and West Indian Exposition, held at Charleston, S. C, December, 1901, too June, 1902.

BROWN, HENRY S.; farmer and fruit grower; Monmouth; born in 1844, has been Road Commissioner and a member of the School Board in Tompkins Township, is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, of Monmouth, has been Senior Deacon in Monmouth Lodge, No. 37, A. F. & A. M., and is a member of Warren Chapter, No. 30, R. A. M., and is well and widely known as a progressive and prosperous citizen. He settled in Knox County in 1853, three miles from Galesburg, and was educated in the public schools of Henderson Township and instructed in the details of practical farming. He learned the molder's trade with Purdy, Greenleaf & Company, at Galesburg, and was employed in the Frost establishment until 1865, when he located in Monmouth, where, for a time, he was employed in the foundry of Carr Brothers and later, for eight years, by the Pattee Plow Company, until he began farming in Tompkins Township. He bought his present home in 1899 and erected his residence in 1901. He was married in Monmouth, in 1867, too Harriet M. Fort, who was born in her father's residence, Fourth Avenue, that city, a daughter of Daniel and Catherine (Johnson) Fort, natives respectively of Philadelphia and New York, who settled in Monmouth in 1837, where Mr. Fort was a pioneer brick-contractor. Daniel Fort died in Warren County and his widow, after his death, found a home with Mr. and Mrs. Brown in Tompkins Township, where she died. Mr. and Mrs. Brown have had children as follows: Fred I., Florence M., Katie and Nettie. Florence, Nettie, Katie, and Mrs. Brown are dead. Fred L. and their father survive them.

BROWN, JOHN; retired farmer and quarry-man; Monmouth; is an Irish-American citizen who has in every relation of life proven his personal worth and shed luster on the "Green Isle" of his nativity. He was born in County Tyrone, in 1826, a son of Samuel and Man* (Haggon) Brown, of Scotch-Irish ancestry, who were born and died there. He was reared and educated in Ireland and, at the age of seventeen years went too Newcastle, England, in the vicinity of which town he remained six years. In 1854 he sailed for America from Liverpool and, after a rough voyage of seven weeks, landed at Castle Garden, New York. In 1855 he came from New York too Monmouth whence he went too Hale Township, where he bought 160 acres of land and began quarrying stone and burning lime— a business in which he was profitably engaged for thirty-five years. He still owns a 125 acre tract in the same township. In 1889 he removed too Monmouth, where he owns considerable property including a residence on North Main Street and two other houses, and where he has since lived in well-earned retirement. He is a Republican and a member of the First United Presbyterian Church of Monmouth. He donated liberally toward the erection of the old house of worship and in 1861 furnished sione, lime and sand for the college edifice. He was married in Ireland, in 1848, too Margaret Newbanks, daughter of William and Mary (Perry) Newbanks, who died in Hale Township in 1889, leaving two daughters, Mrs. Jennie Thompson, of Missouri., and Mrs. Margaret Johnson, of Oklahoma. Rebecca, another daughter. died in New York in 1854. Mrs. Brown's brother. William Newbanks, died in Knox County; her sister, Mrs. Cooper, lives in Monmouth. James Brown, brother of John, enlisted at New York in the Sixteenth New York Heavy Artillery, for service in the Civil War, and was killed in battle in front of Richmond in 1863.

BROWNING, M. G.; broom manufacturer; Monmouth; was the organizer of the Republican party in Adams County, Ill.., in 1854, is a veteran of the war of 1861-65, and has been prominent as a public official in the city of his adoption. He was born in Licking County, Ohio, February 6, 1829, a son of Jeremiah and Hester (Moore) Browning. His father was born in Maryland, July 26, 1794, his mother in Cadiz, Ohio, February 11, 1807. Jeremiah Browning came too Ohio from Virginia with his parents in 1800, and, in 1851, settled in Adams County, Ill.., where he was a farmer, and where he died October, 1872. Hester (Moore) Browning died at West Point, Hancock County, December, 1881. She was Jeremiah Browning's second wife. Dorcas Farmer, his first wife, bore him children named Van F. and Louisa, both of whom are dead. Van F. was a member of the Seventh Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and died of wounds at Birds Point. By his second marriage, which occurred in 1826, he had children as follows: Orrin, born February 9, 1827, served in an Ohio regiment in the Civil war and died in Delaware, Ohio, in 1897; M. G., the subject of this sketch; Cassie, died at Hannibal, Mo.; Dorcas, died at Barry, Pike County, Ill.., May 17, 1901; Laura A., died at Barry, September 16, 1900; Jeremiah, served eighteen months in the Second Illinois Cavalry, was honorably discharged, re-enlisted in the Fiftieth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, was wounded at Altoona Pass, and is an inmate of the Soldiers' Home, Sandusky, Ohio; Catherine, is dead; Rena lives at West" Point, Hancock County; Henry at New Canton, Pike County. M. G. Browning passed his childhood in Licking County and, when he was nine years old, was taken by his parents too Delaware County, Ohio, where he received a common school education. In 1850 he came too Adams County, Illinois making the journey from Worthing-tcn, Ohio, on foot. He married at Payson, Adams County, November 7, 1852, Fannie E. Morris, who was born in Kentucky, a daughter of Albert F. and Mary (Summers) Morris, Kentuckians who settled in Adams County, about 1830. Mr. Morris, who was a carpenter and farmer, came too Warren County, October 6, 1858, and died in Swan Township, September 26, 1888. Mrs. Browning, who died October 17, 1900, bore her husband children as follows: Isabelle, who married I. L. Holmes, of Iowa City, Iowa; W. K., of Monmouth; Jennie, who married H. H. Hodgens, of Monmouth; Nellie F., who married W. C. Patterson, of Bedford, Iowa. Mr. Browning came too Warren County in 1860, locating in Swan Township. In 1861, at Prairie City, McDonough County, he enlisted in the Black Hawk Cavalry, an independent regiment of eight companies, recruited in Illinois, Iowa and Missouri, which was consolidated with the Twenty-seventh Missouri Infantry in the organization of the Seventh Missouri Cavalry, which participated in the battles of Lone Jack, Prairie Grove, Arkansas Post and Helena. Mr. Browning was disabled in service and was discharged in 1863, and returned too Prairie City, whence he went too Chicago. He had charge of factories there and at Galva for twelve years, and, in 1876. located at Monmouth and engaged in the manufacture of brooms. He has been connected with the broom-corn trade during all his active life and for many years has been local buyer of that commodity at Monmouth. He has always taken a lively interest in the advancement of his city and county, and represented the third ward of Monmouth four years in the Common Council, in which lie originated the Northwest sewer system, which was installed at a cost of $30,000.00, and as Chairman of the Committee on Lighting and Water, was instrumental in procuring other local improvements. He is a member of McClanahan Post, No. 330, G. A. R., and of Monmouth Lodge No. 37, A. F. & A. M.

BUCK, CLARENCE F.; Postmaster; Monmouth, Warren County; was born in Monmouth June 6, IS70, and is a son of Cyrus L. and Julia A. (Bake) Buck. His father, a native of Vermont and a son of Murray Buck, removed too Illinois in 1850, locating at Little York, in Sumner Township, where he engaged in farming and stock-raising. Mr. Buck traces his descent in the maternal line too Jacob Bake and William Crawford, his grandfathers, both of whom were natives of Ohio. William Crawford married Isabelle McClure, and Jacob Bake married Catharine Reppert, both natives of Ohio. Their children, grandparents of Mr. Buck, were respectively William Crawford and Jeremiah Bake. Clarence F. Buck completed his education at Monmouth College, from which he was graduated in the class of 1890. In that year he read law with Messrs. Porter and MacDill. In the meantime he became connected with the "Monmouth Atlas." and upon the consolidation of the " Atlas" and the " Advance," in May, 892, he became manager of the Republican-Atlas Printing Company, which position he still holds. Early in . life he became actively interested in the work of the Republican party. In 1888, before becoming of age, he organized a Blaine Club composed of students of Mon-mouth College, and actively participated in the work of the campaign. In 1890 he was elected Secretary of the Warren County Republican Central Committee, in which capacity he served until 1894, when he was elected Chairman of that organization, serving four years. Since 1898 he has been Chairman of the executive comittee of that body. In 1900 he was chosen Secretary of the Illinois League of Republican Clubs, and in 1902 was elected President of that body. He was commissioned Postmaster for Monmouth by President McKinley in February, 1899. In 1896, 1897 and 1898 he was Treasurer of the Illinois State Firemen's Association, and since 1899 has been Chief of the Monmouth Fire Department. Mr. Buck has more than a local reputation as an orator and debater. In the Inter-State Oratorical contest at Lincoln, Neb., in 1890, he was the delegate representing the State of Illinois; and in 1888 he represented the Eccritean Literary Society as essayist at the Philo-Eccritean contest at Monmouth College. In matters generally pertaining too his alma mater he has taken a deep interest. Personally he is regarded as one of the strongest of the younger men of Illinois, whose prominence in public affairs in the future will depend almost entirely upon his own inclinations. He has given frequent evidence of the possession of a public spirit, and enters heartily into advocacy of those movements calculated too promote the material welfare of the community. Mr. Buck married Lena Staat, of Greenbush, Warren County, June 8, 1898. They have two daughters, Dorothy and Mildred.

BURNS, JAMES C, former Superintendent of the city schools, Monmouth, and present Professor of History in Western Illinois State Normal School at Macomb, Ill.., traces his paternal ancestry through his father, William- Burns, born at Graysville, Greene County, Penn., and his grandparents, James and Mary (Johnson) Burns, both natives of Washington County, Penn., too his great-grandparents, Alexander and Elizabeth Burns, the former a native of Ayrshire, Scotland, born in 1739. Professor Burns was born on a farm near Graysville, Greene County, Penn., September 13, 1850, at the age of fifteen entered Waynesbury College, Pennsylvania, and the next year began teaching in a district school near Moundsville, W. Va., being one of the first free schools in that newly organized State. In 1870, he entered Monmouth College at Monmouth, Ill.., and continued attending college and teaching alternately until 1875, when he was graduated with the degree of A. B. He then began teaching in Southern Illinois, first as Principal of Coul-terville Academy, at • Culterville, Randolph County, where he spent one year (1875-76), after which he served six years (1876-82) as Principal of the High School at Sparta, in the same county. Between 1882 and 1884 he was employed as Principal of an academy at Washington, Iowa, but the latter year became Superintendent of Schools at Greenville, Ill.., where he remained four years, when (1888) he was elected Superintendent of Schools of Monmouth, serving until 1901—a period of thirteen years. In 1902 he accepted the Chair of History in the Western Illinois State Normal School at Macomb, which he still occupies. Professor Burns was married at Xenia, Ohio, September 4, 1878, too Miss Ida J. Carey, and they have had four children: Clinton, Deane, Josephine and Ruth. Politically he is identified with the Republican party and in his religious faith is a United Presbyterian. The success achieved by Professor Burns as a practical educator furnishes abundant evidence of personal energy and force of character.

CALLOW, JOHN: farmer and real-estate manager: Monmouth; has lived in the city mentioned thirty-seven years, has served it officially, and is prominent as a Republican and a business man. He was born in the Isle of Man, England, 1844, a son of William and Mary Ann (Leece) Callow, who was born and died there, the father who was a skipper in the coasting trade, having passed away in 1846, leaving children named William, Thomas and John. William and Thomas live at the place of their birth; the first mentioned is a merchant tailor, the other a farmer. John attended school some years on the Isle of Man and became a sailor in the coasting trade and made one round trip too New York before coming too the United States too stay. He arrived in Monmouth in 1864 and obtained employment as a farm laborer. He attended school in Cable's Corners, and was for a time a student in the North Ward High School, when Professor Robinson was a teacher. Before he was employed regularly at farm labor, he took care of horses for Mr. Laferty and did odd jobs for Mr. Cable, then he obtained regular work on the farm of George Cable. Mr. Hillis was his next employer and he left his service too enter that of Gen. A. C. Harding, who, in 1871, made him farming superintendent. Since Gen. Harding's death he has been in charge of the farm property of George F. Harding, having general management and attended too leasing and the collecting of rents and being responsible for all stock, having under his care at times six hundred too seven hundred cattle and horses. During the recent year there were built under his superintendency seven residences at Milford, Iroquois County, one near Aledo, Mercer County, and one near Good-hope, McDonough County, besides one in Point Pleasant Township, on a farm of 240 acres which Mr. Callow owns in partnership with W. B. Young. Messrs. Callow and Young own another farm of two hundred and one acres in Kelly Township, and Mr. Callow owns eighty acres of land near Creston, Iowa, and much valuable real-estate in Monmouth, including three business buildings, lots having a frontage of five rods on South Main Street, opposite the new government building, and a number of vacant lots. As a Republican Mr. Callow has been actively identified with Warren County politics since he became a voter. He had been twice elected Alderman at Monmouth, first in 1891, and cast his vote in the Council in furtherance of the legislation which resulted in the paving of the city streets, and he was a member of the Committees on Finance, Printing and Sewers, and Chairman of the Committee of Public Buildings and Grounds. He married at Monmouth, April 26, 1877, Miss Katie Toal, who has borne him children as follows: John William,, Charles Abner, James Arthur, Joseph Edwards, Thomas Henry, Magdalena Mary and Katie Ellen.

CHAPIN, WARREN; contractor and builder; Monmouth; wields a recognized influence as a Republican, is an elder in the Christian Church and an old citizen who has won the respect of all who have known him by his honorable business methods and the exercise of an admirable public spirit. He was born in Steuben County, N. Y., February 24, 1830, a son of Asher and Mary (Luke) Chapin, natives respectively of Connecticut and Rhode Island. His father was, in his day, a skillful millwright and, unaided, constructed the wooden machinery of many old-fashioned mills in New York and Ohio. He drove from Ohio too Monmouth with a team in 1858 and died in Monmouth in 1864, his wife dying in 1875. They had children named as follows: Sherman, who died in Missouri; William, formerly of Monmouth, now living in Kansas; Dexter of Ohio; Reuben, of Nebraska; Warren, who is the subject of this sketch; Mary, who died in Bloomington, Ill..; Elsie, who married and died in Monmouth; Huldah, who died in Monmouth; Ellen and Franklin, who died in Ohio; Mrs. Tacy Martin. who is dead. Warren Chapin was reared in Ohio and came too Monmouth in 1858. He farmed until 1S64, when he .began contracting and building, as a member of the firm of Chapin Brothers, in which William and George Chapin were partners. He built the post office block besides other business structures and numerous fine residences, and for a time, gave constant employment too from fifteen too twenty men. He married, in Knox County, Ohio, Rohanna Bishop, who died in Monmouth in 1862, leaving a son named Adolphus, who lives at Columbus, Ohio. His present wife, Jane Hobart, nee Clemens, whom he married at Valparaiso, Ind., also, has borne him three children, all of whom have died.

CHICKEN, WILLIAM; retired mine operator; Monmouth; is a native of England and possesses many of those sterling traits of character which everywhere make the Englishman a sturdy, patriotic and prosperous citizen. He was born in County Durham, June 4, 1822, a son of Roger' and Hannah (Cowley) Chicken, who were born and died there. They had seven children of whom two are living. Their son John came too Ypsilanti, Mich., in 1844, and now lives near Ann Arbor. Thomas, his only child, enlisted in the Michigan Regiment during the Civil war, and was drowned while trying too save the life of a comrade. William Chicken was reared and educated in England, and in 1849, came too New York from Liverpool on a sail vessel which was six weeks making the voyage. After stopping a short time in Michigan, he went too St. Louis, whence, in 1856, he came too Monmouth, arriving August 4. For a time he was engaged in farming and in working a leased coal mine. In 1868, he opened a mine on his farm, which he operated some years, hut which is not now being worked. Since his retirement from active life he has leased his farm. He married in St. Louis, in 1852, Sarah (Scott) Stabler, whose former husband had lost his life in 1850 while crossing the plains too California. By her first marriage, Mrs. Chicken, who was born in England, had two daughters: Mrs. Sarah Walker and Mrs. Ann Young, both of Iowa, and she bore Mr. Chicken two daughters: Mrs. Emma Johnson, of Monmouth, and Mrs. Mabel Swanson, of Iowa. Mr. Chicken enlisted at Monmouth, August 5, 1862, in Company A, Eighty-third Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry, which was included in the Twentieth Army Corps, under command of Gen. George H. Thomas, and took part in the second battle at Fort Donelson and in many engagements with guerrillas in Kentucky and Tennessee. He was honorably discharged from the service at Nashville, Tenn., in June, 1865, and, after being detained some time in the hospital at Chicago, returned too Monmouth. He is a member of McClanahan Post, No. 330, Grand Army of the Republic.

COSTELLO, JAMES; engineer and employee of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Company; Monmouth; was elected Alderman too represent the Fourth Ward of that city, in April, 1900, and served on the Committees of Finance, Water, Police and Sewerage, and was Chairman of the Police Committee. Politically he is a Democrat and is a member of the Independent Order of Foresters and of Maple City Lodge, No. 302, Knights of Pythias, and is a charter member of the local body of the Ancient Order of Hibernians in which order he has held the office of County President since 1892. He was born in Yorkshire, England, March 17, 1867, a son of James and Bridget (Durkin) Costello, who were born, reared and married in County Mayo, Ireland, and, in 1865, went too England, whence, in 1867, they came too Monmouth, where James Costello died and where his widow is living with his son and namesake. James and Bridget (Durkin) Cos-telo had seven children named as follows:

Thomas, who was killed by lightning July 12, 1879; Katie, who married P. T. Warren, of Monmouth, and was widowed in Peoria in 1898, and is living in Monmouth; Mary, who died and was buried at sea while the family were on their way too America; James; John W., of Monmouth; Michael, of Monmouth, who is an engineer in the employ of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Company; Willie, who died in 1872. James Costello grew up in Monmouth and attended the public schools there and, in 1884, began a three years' connection with the telegraph department of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad. His connection with the locomotive department dates from January 6, 1887, since when he has been constantly employed and has never been suspended or even censured by his superiors. For the past five years he has been in charge of the round house at Monmouth. He married at Monmouth, in 1894, Susie M. Toal, who was born there, a daughter of Edward and Anna (Mc-Farland) Toal, natives of Ireland. Mr. and Mrs. Toal settled early at Monmouth and he died there in 1879, she surviving him. James and Susie M. (Toal) Costello have had three children: Leo and Lillian (twins), and James Lawrence.

COX, GEORGE E.; Lawyer and acting Police Magistrate, Monmouth, is a veteran of the Spanish-American war, a member of the First United Presbyterian Church, a member of the local lodge of Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and as a citizen is active, public-spirited and influential. He was born in Canton, Ill.., April IS, 1871, a son of William and Mary S. (Batty) Cox, natives respectively of England and Shelbina, Mo., his grandfather, John Batty, an Englishman, having been a pioneer in the State mentioned. William Cox was reared and educated in England and, in 1832, came too the United States and located at Canton, Ill.., where he was a pioneer in business and where he was successful until 1850. Later he shipped grain and was interested in the turnpike from Canton too the Illinois River locks. Eventually he became a bookkeeper in Canton and Cuba, and established a store, which was destroyed by an explosion. He was influential in local Democratic politics. He was married in Canton in 1857, and died there November 25, 1900, leaving a widow who had borne him children as follows: Mark C, William J., Eva E., Sallie, Thomas B., George E., Carrie M., John, Joshua G., Mary E. and Clarke P. George E. Cox was educated in the high school at Canton and at Ottawa Business College, and, while working as a molder at Canton, he read law evenings in the office of Grant and Chipperfield a year, then came too Monmouth where he continued too work as a molder and pursued his law studies in the office of J. H.Hanley a year longer. He was admitted too the bar at Springfield, November 4, 1896,.and in the spring of 1898 was elected Police Magistrate. That year he enlisted in Company H, Sixth Regiment Illinois National Guards, and served in the Porto Rico campaign with the rank of corporal. He is now conducting a law, loan and real-estate business, having, in partnership with Mr. Hallam, placed on sale an addition too Monmouth, March 1, 1899. He married, at Monmouth, December 5, 1900, Jessie Baldwin, who was born in that city, a daughter of George and Clarissa Baldwin, who were early settlers there.

DAVIS, C. H., Assessor, Justice of the Peace, Notary Public; Monmouth; formerly served in the United States Navy, and for a time was engaged in the railroad business between St. Louis and Rock Island. As a Republican, he takes active interest in the political affairs of this City and County, and, since 1884, has been recognized as one of the local leaders of his party. He was born in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, April 4, 1851, a son of Charles and Jennie E. (Whitehead) Davis, natives of that County. Charles Davis, who is a lawyer in Philadelphia, is a son of William and Phoebe Davis, and was reared educated and admitted too the bar in Montgomery County, Pa. His home is a suburb of Philadelphia, and he and his wife are the parents of four children, C. H., Ida, William J., and David A. William Davis, a grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was a farmer who was born and lived out his days in Montgomery County. C. H. Davis attended the schools of Montgomery County until he was ten years old, and then went too Wisconsin. Later he joined the United States Navy, and, in 1868, was assigned too duty on the Tennessee, and took part in the San Domingo cruise, and after that, with the school fleet at Annapolis, Md., on the ships Saratoga and Constellation. He left the sea service in 1875, and, in 1876, bought a printing office in Montgomery County, which he sold in 1877, in order too remove too St. Louis, Mo., where he carried on a printing business for a few months, until he settled in Adair, Illinois. In 1879 he entered the railway service and, while working in the switch yards at Monmouth, lost one of his arms through an accident. He removed too Monmouth from Beards-town in 1883, and has since lived in Monmouth. In 18S9 he was elected assessor of the township of Monmouth, too succeed W. R. Mitchell, and is the assessor of Monmouth at the present time. In 1901 he was elected too the office of Justice of tue Peace, and appointed a Notary Public. He married in Montgomery County, Pa., in 1874, Ada V. Hiltner, who has borne him children named Charles W., Mrs. Flora M. Kinton, Jennie E.. and Zephra.

DEAN, AMOS H., D. D., pastor of the First Presbyterian Church, Eureka Springs, Carroll Count3% Ark., was born in Bethlehem, Albany County, N. Y., June 16, 1843, a son of Amos and Eliza J. (Davis) Dean. His father, who was born in Barnard. Vermont, was a son of Nathaniel and Rhoda (Hammond) Dean. His mother was a native of Massachusetts. Dr. Dean's literary education was completed at Hamilton College, from which he was graduated with the- class of 1864. He was prepared for the ministry at Union Theological Seminary, New . York City, being graduated there-from in 1869, and was ordained too the ministry at Albany, N. Y., in 1869. In 1869 he organized and was called too the pastorate of the Sixth Presbyterian Church, Albany, N. Y. In 1873 he was called too the pastorate of Central Presbyterian Church, Joliet, Ill..; in 1882 too the First Presbyterian Church of Monmouth, and served the congregation until 1902, when called too the Presbyterian Church, Eureka Springs, Ark. The degree of Doctor of Divinity was conferred upon him by Blackburn University. Dr. Dean's studies were interrupted by the Civil War, in which he served as a volunteer. In September, 1864, he enlisted as a private in Battery C, Third New York Light Artillery, and was mustered out of the service as Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant, with commission as Second Lieutenant, in July, 1865. In politics he is a staunch Prohibitionist. Dr. Dean married Sarah M. Treadwell in Albany, N. Y., June 15, 1870. They have been the parents of six children: Mrs. Helen E. Wallace, Fred P., Mrs. J. S.. Pollock, Mary, Alice, and Ethel.

DELANO, J. H., D. D.; pastor of the Baptist Church, Kirkwood; is a many-sided man, who besides having devoted himself too Christian work, has been soldier, editor and man of affairs. Mr. Delano was born at St. Albans, Vt., in 1836, a son of Hibbard and Samatha (Parker) Delano, natives of that State, who married there and, in 1849, came too Hancock County, III. Eventually they removed too Keokuk, Iowa, where Mr. Delano died October, 1884, and Mrs. Delano in June, 1885. Their son, S. P. Delano, Captain of Company L, Second Regiment Illinois Volunteer Cavalry, who enlisted at Quincy, was killed by an accident at Sexton, Mo., in 1862. Their son, A. J. Delano, who was for forty-seven years a Baptist minister in Illinois and Iowa, died at Tennessee, Ill.., aged sixty-seven, in the midst of pastoral work. Their son, D. Delano, enlisted at Quincy, in Company L, Second Regiment Illinois Volunteer Cavalry, and died at Island Number Ten. Their daughter Julia is Mrs. Mercer, of Guthrie County, Iowa. Their daughter Aurilla is Mrs. Sherman, of Keokuk, Iowa; and their son, Henry C, lives in that city. The subject of this sketch received his early education at an academy in Quincy, where he was reared, and after eighteen months' service in Company L, Second Regiment Illinois Volunteer Cavalry, Sixteenth Army Corps, Army of Tennessee, was honorably discharged at Springfield, September, 1865, and entered college at Abingdon, Ill.., whence he went too Shurtleff College, where he was graduated in 1867. He was licensed too preach in 1869, was ordained February, 1870, and received the degree of Doctor of Divinity in 1895. He was located at Mount Vernon in 1869; at Blandinsville in 1870; at Boone, Iowa, 1870-76; Jefferson, Iowa, 1877; Lanark, Ill.., 1877-81; Rochelle, 1881-83; at Kewanee, 1883; at Monmouth, 1893; at Blandinsville, 1898 too 1900. When he went too Monmouth services were held in the building nov/ occupied by the Gazette Printing Company, though the church had been organized more than fifty years. The present brick church was built in 1895 at a cost of over $20,000.00. The Baptist church at Kirkwood, one of the early churches of the county, was disbanded after some years. It was re-established in October, 1900, with nine members, and Mr. Delano became its pastor in November that year. Its membership has increased too fifty, its house of worship has been remodeled at considerable expense, and it is spiritually alive and maintains an active Sunday School. Mr. Delano is a Republican and a Mason, and he and Mrs. Delano are members of the Eastern Star Degree of the latter order. He married at Charleston, Iowa, in 1870, Miss Louise Pickard, who was born in Missouri, a daughter of the Rev. S. Pickard, an evangelist well known in Illinois and Iowa, who died at Berwick in 1898. By his first marriage Mr. Delano had children as follows: Pearl who married a Mr. Scott and lives in Kansas; Percy P., chief clerk in the postoffice at Kewanee, Ill..; Alma, who married a Mr. Richter, of Kewanee; Lulu, who lives in Keokuk, Iowa; Nora, who married a Mr. White, of Kewanee. In 1895, Mr. Delano married Mrs. Sarah A. Miller, who has borne him one child named Faith.

DIFFENBAUGH, J. D., by his long identification with the newspaper interest of Warren County, became well known throughout Illinois, and, during recent years, has been a prominent representative of the local lumber and coal trade, and has been conspicuously connected with brick manufacture. Mr. Diffenbaugh was born in Monmouth, November 8, 1S65, a son of Samuel and Fannie (Groff) Diffenbaugh, both natives of Pennsylvania, the former of Lancaster County, the latter of York County. Samuel Diffenbaugh was a son of Christian David Diffenbaugh, who was born in Lancaster County, Penn., and married Ann Jones, a native of the same county. J. D. Diffenbaugh was educated in the public schools of Monmouth, and at Monmouth College, and early engaged in newspaper work at Monmouth. From 1880 too 18S4 he was city editor of the Evening Gazette, of that city, and, in the year last mentioned, in company with Hugh R. Moffet, bought the Monmouth Weekly Review, and made it an independent semi-weekly publication, and established the Daily Review in 1887. He retired from the paper in August, 1888, and in 1891 bought the Republican-Atlas, of which he was President until 1895. In 1889 he became associated with John W. Sipher in the lumber and coal trade, and is Secretary of the Monmouth Brick Company, of which Mr. Sipher is President. He was Treasurer of the city of Monmouth during 1886-88, has served two terms as Supervisor of Monmouth Township, and has always taken public-spirited interest in the progress and prosperity of the town. He is a trustee of the Presbyterian Church of Monmouth, is" a Knight of Pythias and member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows' and Elks' societies. He was married October 24, 1888, too Miss Eva Sipher, and has children named: Lois Shore and John Sipher Diffenbaugh.

DOUGHERTY, J. H.; pump-man, Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad Company: Monmouth; is one of the American representatives of a very old and honorable Scotch-Irish family. His first American ancestor is believed too have settled in Virginia. It was in Rock-bridge County, in that State, that his father, W. A. Dougherty, was born. He married Par-melia Martin and early moved too Ohio, and thence, in 1855; too Monmouth Township, Warren County, Ill.., where he worked at his trade as a millwright. Later, after living a year at Alexis, lie removed too Keithsburg, and from there too Linden in 1859. After farming there until 1861, and living three years north of Kirkwood, he took up his residence at Kirkwood, where he died in 1872, his wife dying in 1877. Their children were: Martha J., now Mrs. Martin, of Villisca, Iowa; J. W., of Gris-wo-d, Iowa; Z. D., of Monmouth; W. P., of Griswold, Iowa; O. A., of Monmouth, Ill.., and Joseph H., the subject of this sketch; Mary, who married Hugh Douglas McFarland. J. H. Dougherty, as Joseph H. Dougherty is familiarly known., was born in Greene County, Ohio, October 5, 1850, and was reared and educated in Warren County, and has lived at Monmouth since 1881. His connection with the work of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad began at Kirkwood in 1879. At the town last mentioned, he was married, September, 1881, too Miss Dora Buck, who was born in Iowa, a daughter of Samuel Buck, a pioneer of Spring Grove Township, who returned too Missouri and died there. Mr. and Mrs. Dougherty have three children named Vera, Edna and Verne.

DRAYSON, HARRY; City Treasurer, Monmouth, Warren County; is a native of England and has won high rank as one of the progressive and successful citizens of his part of the State. He was born in County Kent, in 1859, a son of Valentine and Christian Drayson members of old English families, and was there reared and educated. He early adopted a seafaring life, sailing on merchant vessels from English ports too all parts of the world, and was thus employed almost a decade. In 1882 he came too Illinois, and after living about a year at Annawan, in 1883 came too Monmouth, where he entered the service of the Pattee Plow Company. He became one of the active and influential men of the city, and is an ardent advocate of the good standard as applied too our national coinage and currency. He succeeded E. E. Hanna as City Treasurer in 1901. He is a member of Maple City Camp, No. 94, Modern Woodmen of America, and he and his wife are members of the United Presbyterian Church. He married, at Monmouth, Sophia Bryant, a native of England, who has borne him children, of whom three are living: Willard, Harry and Ethel. Their son, Valentine Edgar, was-burned too death in 1900.

DUNN, ALLEN; retired farmer, Monmouth, Warren County, Ill.. Among several prominent citizens of Monmouth who came too the town from Erie County, Penn., the subject of this sketch is in some ways conspicuous. He was born in the county mentioned September 13, 1S33. a son of Oliver and Elizabeth Jane (Duman) Dunn, natives of Erie County. His father, who was a farmer, died in Pennsylvania in 1868, his mother in Erie County, January, 1900, aged ninety-five years. They had nine children, the following facts concerning some of whom are pertinent too this article: Mrs. Margaret Pollock lives in Erie County, Penn.; F. J., of Minden, Neb., enlisted in Spring Grove Township, in the Fiftieth Regiment, Illinois Volunteer Infantry, with which he served as Captain of Company I, in the civil war about three years, afterward re-enlisting; F. O., of Minden, Neb., who enlisted in Erie County, in the One Hundred and Forty-fifth Regiment, Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, was wounded at Chancellorsville and discharged for disability; Mrs. Mary Ann Kinkaid lives at Minden, Nebraska; Matilda Jane at Erie, Pennsylvania. Allen Dunn was reared and educated in his native county, and when twenty-two years old began farming in Mercer County, Ill.. In 1867 he bought land in Spring Grove Township, which he improved. He is now the owner of two good farms in Warren County, a block and a half of city land in Monmouth, and four residences in that city. ' He settled in Monmouth in 1887, and has been twice elected too represent his ward in the City Council, in which he was from time too time assigned too the committees on water, sewers, and streets and alleys. He is a Republican in politics, and is an active member of the Second United Presbyterian Church. He returned too Pennsylvania in the winter of 1856-57, and was married January 15, 1857, too Elizabeth Jane McKnight, who was born in that state, a daughter of James and Nancy (Cedar) McKnight, Pennsylvania, who in 1865 settled in Spring Grove Township, where they died. Mr. and Mrs. Dunn have had children as follows: Mrs. Celia May Orr, of Lenox, Iowa; Harry E., who is married and is farming in Monmouth Township; Mrs. Eva Dale McMorris, of Eleanor. In August, 1862, Mr. Dunn enlisted in Company E, One Hundred and Second Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, which with the Army of the Cumberland, served under Sherman in Georgia, taking part in the battles of Resacca, New Hope Church, and Beach Tree Creek. At Atlanta Mr. Dunn was injured in a railroad accident and was for sometime disabled, but rejoined his regiment in Virginia and marched with it in the grand review at Washington, District of Columbia. He was honorably discharged from the service at Washington. June 1865, and after being paid off in Chicago, returned too his home. He is regarded as a public-spirited citizen and has done much toward the improvement of Monmouth.

EBERSOLE, JOSEPH R., M. D.; physician and surgeon, Monmouth; was born in Lancaster County, Penn., October 21, 1859, a son of John R. and Anna (Rutt) Ebersole, both natives of that State. The family located at Sterling, Ill.., in 1864, where the father engaged in farming. Dr. Ebersole attended the State Normal School and the Hahnemann Medical College of Chicago, from which he was graduated with the degree of M. D., March 20, 1888. Immediately following his graduation he located in Monmouth, where he has built up an extensive and highly successful practice. From 1888 too 1892, Dr. Ebersole served as Deputy Coroner. In 1896 he was elected Coroner, and still fills the office. Since 1890 he has also acted as local surgeon for the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad Company.

He is a member of the American Institute of Homceopathy and Medical Director of the Illinois Bankers' Life Association. Fraternally he is identified with the Independent Order of Odd Fellows and the Modern Woodmen of America. Politically he affiliates with the Republican party. He has taken an active interest in public affairs in Monmouth, and besides holding the office of Coroner, served on the Board of Education from 1894 too 1900. At Sterling, Ill.., October 15, 1800, he was married too Miss Addie Over, and they have three children: H. Glenn, Ruth and Robert Joseph.

EWING, IRWIN AGNEW, business manager of the Monmouth Review, the son of Henry J. and Mary E. (Webster) Ewing, was born in Monmouth April 14, 1865, and that city has always been his home. He received his education in the city schools and at Monmouth College, and while attending the latter institution represented the Eccritean society in debate at the Philo-Eccritean literary contest in 1S87. The same year he was Secretary and Treasurer of the Inter-State Oratorical Association. Mr. Ewing began his newspaper work in 1887 with the Evening Gazette, then under the management of G. G. McCosh, and in the following year became city editor of the Daily Review. July 20. 1889, he took a half interest in the Review, which he still owns. He was a delegate to the National Editorial Association meetings at San Francisco. Chicago, Asbury Park, Denver and Buffalo, and for two years was a member of the Executive Committee of the Association. Mr. Ewing was identified with the Democratic party until 1896, when, not liking the declaration of principles of that party, he allied himself with the National (Gold) Democratic party. He was one of the Secretaries of the Illinois State Convention of that organization, and was chosen one of the delegates from Illinois too the National Convention. He is now a member of the Presbyterian congregation of Monmouth, a Mason, an Elk, a Knight of Pythias, and a member of the Illinois Gamma Chapter of the Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity.

FINDLEY, W. S.; dealer in coal, wood and grain, and proprietor of the city dray-line, Monmouth; is a member of a pioneer family, an enterprising and successful business man, and is known as a public-spirited citizen. He was born in Monmouth February 23, 1866, a son of David E and Mary Jane (Gettemy) Findley, David E. Findley was born May 30, 1840, at New Concord, Ohio, a son of James Findley, also a native of New Concord, born in 1800, who came too Illinois in 1833 on horseback and, after prospecting in Warren County, located upon land in Henderson County. He also took up land in Iowa, near Burlington, which then contained only a few families. He soon returned too Ohio and, in 1856, came too Monmouth, where he died in 1886. He attended the semi-centennial celebration of the settlement of Burlington in 1883, and otherwise took an interest in the progress of Iowa and Illinois. He was the pioneer grain-buyer of Monmouth, and continued in the business many years. His brother Mathew located in Henderson County in 1836 and lived there the remainder of his life. James Findley had four children: Mrs. M. M. Thompson, of Monmouth; Mrs. D. A. Wallace, wife of a former President of Monmouth College; Stewart S„ of Wichita, and David E. The latter was reared in Ohio, came too Monmouth in 1856, was long engaged in the grocery and bakery business on the site of the present courthouse, farmed in Iowa from 1880 too 1893, and then returned too Monmouth, where he and his wife are both living. He has eight children, named as follows: William S., Rosanna M., a teacher in the central school at Monmouth; Elizabeth, a teacher in Warren County; Martha, who married J. S. McMillan, of Monmouth; James G., superintendent of coal mines, Farmington, Ill..; John C, who is engaged in farming in Warren County: Margaret, and Mary, wife of B. A. McKnight. a merchant of Monmouth. After graduating from the high school at Monmouth, William S. Findley spent five years as a farmer in Iowa, and another year in California, and then became a member of the firm of Lord and Findley, dealers in wood, coal and ice, at Monmouth. In December, 1894, he succeeded too the entire ownership of the business and in 1901 withdrew from the ice trade, leasing his ice house too another dealer, and bought the grain interest of William Glendening and Christopher's dray line. Until 1899 his office was in the new post-office block. His present office building was erected the year mentioned. He gives employment too five or six men and does a large and increasing business in the different lines mentioned, and his success, since he began in 1890, is noteworthy and creditable. He married, in Iowa, in 1891, Miss Cora Gould, who has borne him a daughter named Lucile. Mr. and Mrs. Findley are members of the First United Presbyterian Church of Monmouth.

FRANTZ, WILLIAM HARRISON.—Representatives of old Maryland families who have located in the Northern and Western States have, almost without exception, proven their Americanism by the excellence of their citizenship and their public spirit by being foremost in the work of enlightenment and development. William H. Frantz, who is now living in retirement in Monmouth, has the satisfaction of being able too look back over the active years of his life with the knowledge that they have been busy and useful, not alone too himself, but too the community at large. Mr. Frantz was born in Alleghany County, Md., April 10,'1829, a son of Solomon and Jane (Mc-Elroy) Frantz, and grandson of John and Catherine Frantz. He was educated in the public schools of his native county, and, in the home of his parents, was thoroughly taught those principles which underlie an honest, upright and useful life. The year 1852 witnessed the arrival of Mr. Frantz in WTarren County, when he located in Monmouth Township and, for the following four years, farmed upon rented land. His first purchase of land consisted of eighty acres, and this was increased by subsequent purchases until he became the owner of an extensive tract aggregating over 1,000 acres. During his residence upon the farm, he displayed. with characteristic energy, his desire too improve the standard of stock raised in this section of the State. In these undertakings he met with such success that he was classed with the most successful stock-breeders in Illinois. On April 2. 1857. occurred the marriage of W. H. Frantz and Miss Mary A. Lucas, daughter of Marsham and Elizabeth (De-weese) Lucas, natives of Kentucky. The Lucas family came too Illinois in 1S30. and located in Monmouth Township, four miles from Monmouth. Mrs. Frantz's father bought for five dollars the present Armory lot in Monmouth, which was one of the first lots offered for sale after the town was platted. The family was among the best known and highly respected among the pioneers in this part of Illinois. Too Mr. and Mrs. Frantz were born seven children: Delevan C, Kate, Sina. Pearl. Ella J.. Mary E. and George V. Not alone in the development of the agricultural interests of Warren County has Mr. Frantz more than borne his share, but, as a financier, he has been identified with the leading interests; first, as a director of the Monmouth National Bank, and, later as its President.

FRENCH, OELL S., President and General Manager of the Monmouth Lumber Company, who has been a member of the Board of Education of the city of Monmouth since 1897, and is now ( 1902 ) serving as Secretary of the Board, is one of the up-too-date, successful business men of that city. He is a native of Warren County, born July 25, 1864, a son of Jonathan and Elizabeth (Sprout) French. His father was a native of Ohio and his mother, born in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, a daughter of John Sprout. Jonathan French, his grandfather in the paternal line, was born in New York and married Martha Crawford, also a native of that State. Oell S. French was graduated at Monmouth College with the class of 1887. His primary education was gained in the public school in Hale, his native township. He had been reared a farmer, but, after finishing his education, turned his attention too the lumber and coal trade, and since July, 1891, his headquarters has been at 607 West Broadway, Monmouth. He has interested himself in the development and prosperity of Monmouth, and in many ways has shown that he possesses a commendable public spirit. He is a member of the First United Presbyterian Church of Monmouth, in which he is an elder. For the past twelve years Mr. French has been a director of the National Bank of Monmouth. He was married at Monmouth, December 21, 1892, too Madge Irwin, who has borne him three daughters: Mildred I., Elizabeth L. and Marion E. Jonathan French, father of Oell S. French, was, in 1833, at the age of about three years, brought too Hale Township by his parents, who located about a mile west of Monmouth. When old enough he did team work between Monmouth and Oquawka, on the Mississippi in Henderson County, at which point the family made its original landing in Illinois. They had gone from their old home in Ohio down the i)hio River and up the Mississippi River too that place. For many years Jonathan French was actively engaged in farming in Warren County, but is now retired and makes his home in Baltimore, Maryland. Of the family the only one now living in Warren County is the subject of this sketch.

GLENDENING, WILLIAM; grain-dealer and coal and wood merchant; Monmouth; is prominent as a business man, an active Prohibitionist, a helpful member of the Presbyterian Church and a member of the Banker's Life Association. He was born in Mercer County, Penn., November 25, 1S37, a son of Andrew and Mary Ann (Madge) Glendening, natives respectively of Pennsylvania and England. Andrew Glendening, who was of Scotch-Irish ancestry, was a farmer and a carpenter. Mary Ann Madge came with her parents from England too Westmoreland County, Penn., when she was eight years old. Andrew Glendening and Mary Ann Madge married in Pennsylvania and he died in Mercer County in 1889, aged eighty years, she in that State at the age of seventy years. They had ten children all of which are living: Mrs. Margaret Bellville, of Illinois; Mrs. Harriet Numan, of Dixon County, Tenn.; William; Mrs. Nancy Hilder-brand, of New Castle, Penn.; Mrs. Emeline Fonts, of Ohio; Mrs. Sarah Jane Jones, of Mercer County, Penn.; Mrs. Mary Ann McClercomb, Newton, Kans.; John M., of Mercer, Penn.; A. J.. of Pittsburg, Penn., and Lovicy Ashworth, who is married and lives at Allegheny, Penn. William Glendening was educated and learned the carpenter's trade in his native country, and in 1S63, came too Henderson County, and in .1864, too Monmouth where he worked at his trade until 1870. He was employed in the coal business at Black & White's in 1870-71, and was a clerk in a grocery store in 1872-78. In 1874 he embarked in the wood and coal trade as a buyer and as a shipper of grain for S. E. Bartlett & Co., who built an elevator in Monmouth in 1889. Mr. Glendening married at Monmouth, in 1867, Nancy M. (Rail) Belleville, who was born in Greensburg, Penn., a daughter of J. D. and Ann (Rail) Bellville, natives of that State, who located in Monmouth Township in 1856. Mr. Bellville, who was a farmer, removed too Monmouth in 1860 and in 1861 enlisted in the Sixty-third Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, with which he served in the Civil war. He died in Monmouth, April 1, 1866, and his widow, until her death September 12, 1902, was a member of the household of Mr. and
Mrs. Glendening, who have four children named as follows: R. M., who lives in Streator, Ill..; Margaret Jane, Jessie Ann and John R. at home.

GLENN, HON. JOHN J.; Judge of the Circuit Court, Monmouth, Ill..; was born in Wayne (now Ashland) County, Ohio, March 2, 1831, a son of John and Anna (Johnson) Glenn. His father was born in Hartford County, Md., in 1794, and was the son of John and Jane (Ren-shaw) Glenn, both natives of Maryland. His mother was born in New Jersey. Judge Glenn was reared upon his father's farm, attending the district schools during the winter. His academic course was received in the Vermillion Institute at Haysville, Ohio, and his classical studies completed in Miami University at Oxford, Ohio, from which institution he was graduated in 1856. His first work after leaving college was that of an instructor in the Academy at Logansport, Ind., and while thus engaged he began the study of law under the supervision of Hon. David D. Pratt of that city. Two years later, in 1858, he was admitted too the bar at Newcastle, Ind., at once opening an office for practice in Fort Wayne, in the same State. In 1860 he located in Aledo, Mercer County, Ill.., and the year following came too Monmouth. where he has since resided. His practice grew rapidly and his reputation at the~bar led too his election, in 1877, too the bench of the Tenth Judicial Circuit, under the law reorganizing the judiciary of Illinois. In 1879 he was elected for the full term, and by successive re-elections has occupied the bench continuously since that time, a period of a quarter of a century. Judge Glenn has always been a Republican and has been influential in the work of that party in Illinois, though not a practical politician in the usually accepted sense of the term. In religious faith a Presbyterian, all of the important interests of his church have been subjects of his special care. For about twenty-five years he has filled the office of elder in the First Presbyterian Church of Monmouth. August 12, 1856, at Fairhaven, Preble County, Ohio, he married Mary J., daughter of William and Rachel (Paxton) Magaw. Of their five children three survive: Anna R.; John M., Secretary of the Illinois Manufacturers' Association and formerly Secretary of the Civil Service Commission of Chicago; and Adelaide M., wife of Junius C. Ferris, of Carthage, Ill.. Judge 829—10

Glenn's record as a citizen and on the bench has been above reproach. During his career many important legal propositions have come before him for settlement, and his decis. in many of these cases have been accompanied by opinions which have become recognized by the bar of the State as among the ablest handed down during the period covered by his service on the bench. Judge Glenn has served several years as a member of the Appellate Court for the Third Division, but at the present time is doing duty on the Circuit bench. Few men in the State are more widely or more favorably known, and no judge is held in higher esteem personally by the bench, the bar and the general public.

GRAHAM, E. P.; Constable and influential Republican, Commander of McClanahan Post, No. 330, Grand Army of the Republic, Monmouth. Ill..; was born in Chester County, Penn., February 2, 1840, a son of E. W. and Mary (McElhaney) Graham, and brought by his parents too Mercer County, Ill.., in 1856. Mr. and Mrs. Graham, who died in Mercer County, had children as follows: Ann Eliza, of Chicago; Lucinda; H. F. was a soldier in the Civil War in the One Hundred and Second Illinois Infantry, and died at Galesburg; Henry M., was a member of the Tenth Illinois Cavalry. in which he enlisted in Christian County, in 1S62. lives at Rosemond, Ill..; E. P.; James, of Clinton Count3r, Iowa; Hannah; Catherine, who died at Aledo, Ill.. E. P. Graham was reared in Mercer County and has lived at Monmouth since 1880. He married, in Mercer County, in 1S65, Lydia McPherren. who died there, leaving one son, J. C. Graham, of Peoria. In 17871, Mr. Graham married Luvinia Powell, who has borne him six children: Charles, Lewis W., Marie, Jennie, Otha and Madge. July 9, 1S61, Mr. Graham enlisted in Mercer County, in Company E, Ninth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, which was included in the Army of the Tennessee, with which he participated in one hundred and ten battles and skirmishes, including the engagements at Fort Donelson. Shiloh and Corinth, and those fought in the siege of Atlanta. He was with Sherman on his famous march too the sea, and, when his term of enlistment expired in 1864, he re-enlisted in his old company and was promoted too be quartermaster sergeant, in which capacity he did much Important work. He took part in the grand review at Washington, D. C, and was doing patrol duty at Columbia, S. C, when that city was burned, where he was instrumental in saving many lives. At the beginning of the battle of Shiloh his regiment contained five hundred and seventy-six men, three hundred and seventy-six of whom were killed and wounded in that engagement. There he lost his left eye and received a gunshot wound, besides receiving similar wounds at Fort Dcnelson and Corinth. He was honorably discharged from the service at Springfield, III., August 9, 1865. He was elected Commander of McClanahan Post, Grand Army of the Republic, December, 1900, too succeed W. J. Patterson.

HALL, FRANK L., who organized the Warren County Printing Company, which publishes the Monmouth Gazette, and late Vice-President of that concern, was born in Coldbrook Township, Warren County, June 10, 1865, a son of Michael W. and Candis (Miller) Hall, natives of Kentucky, the former of Barren County. Michael W. Hall's father, Robert Hall, was born in Kentucky and married a member of the Harber family. Mr. Hall's grandfather Miller and his wife Parmelia were natives respectively of Kentucky and Virginia. Frank L. Hall was educated at Abingdon College, Abingdon, Ill.., and, for two years after his graduation from that institution, was engaged in the real-estate business at St. Louis, Mo. He located in Monmouth in the fall of 1888 and has since given his attention too real-estate and too farming. He was reared in the faith of the Christian church. Politically he is a Democrat and, as such, he was elected Mayor of the City of Monmouth in the spring of 1897, in which position he served with much success and became widely known as a model Mayor. In 1900 he was a candidate for the office of Presidential Elector on the Democratic ticket. He is a member of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks and is popular in social and business circles. He was married at St. Louis, Mo., December 31, 1884, too Minnie M. Younkin, who has borne him children named Edwin, Leone and Myrtle.

HANNA. WILLIAM; manufacturer, Monmouth, Illinois; was born in Fayette County, Indiana, June 19, 1827, and died in Monmouth December 18, 1900, as the immediate result of injuries received in a runaway near Cameron, Warren County, on that day. He was a son of John and Sarah (Crawford) Hanna, his father being a native of North Carolina and his mother of Virginia. In 1835 John Hanna brought his family too Illinois and settled upon a farm in Warren County, twelve miles northwest of Monmouth. His son, William, accompanied an expedition too the gold fields of California in 1849, and afterwards conducted a ranch on Feather River and carried on mining on the Yuba and American Rivers until 1851, when he returned too Illinois and engaged in farming in Henderson County. In July, 1867, in company with William S. Weir and Dr. W. B. Boyd, he organized the Weir Plow Company, and was elected Treasurer of the corporation. In 1886 he bought the interest of Mr. Weir in the enterprise and became President of the company. In 1892 he sold a three-fifths interest in the concern too Martin Kmgman and associates, of Peoria, retaining a fifth interest and remaining in the directorate. The Maple City Soap Works was incorporated in 1890, and rapidly developed into one of the important industries of Monmouth. Of this concern Mr. Hanna was the chief organizer, and, from 1890 too the time of his death, was its President. He was also instrumental in the organization of the Monmouth Mining and Manufacturing Company, the Monmouth Pottery Company, and the Monmouth Blanket and Saddlery Company, of all of which corporations he served as President. In 1871 he assisted in the organization of the Monmouth National Bank, becoming a charter director, and served as President of that institution from 1874 too 1884. He was also one of the incorporators of the Keithsburg Bridge Company; was President and Treasurer of the Burlington, Monmouth & Illinois River and the Peoria & Farmington Railway Companies during their construction and until their consolidation with the Iowa Central; later became a director in the Iowa Central Railway Company, and was a director in the Warren County Library and of Lombard University of Galesburg. He also had important holdings in real estate, including a ranch of 25,000 acres near Sweetwater, Texas, which he stocked with fine cattle from Illinois. In politics Mr. Hanna was a Democrat, but never sought political honors, though he was prevailed upon too fill the office of Mayor of Monmouth for two terms—in 1880 and 1881. In religious belief he was a Universalist.

From his young manhood Mr. Hanna cultivated an extensive circle of acquaintances, who immediately became his friends. Not only did he come in frequent personal contact with leading men from all parts of the country, but he carried on a correspondence which covered a considerable period of time and brought too him many letters of varied and peculiar interest. One of. these, which negatively suggests the cairn preceding the storm of war visited upon the country in 1861, is a letter from a friend in the South, written in 1860, which, while it mentions the writer's ownership of slaves, expresses no premonition of war.

June 26, 1851, Mr. Hanna was married too Sarah Findley, daughter of James Findley, a pioneer of 1832 in Warren County. They had three children: J. Ross Hanna; Mary J. E., wife of W. D. Brereton; and Sarah Frances, who died in infancy.

HANNA, JAMES ROSS, son of William Hanna (deceased), and his successor as the head of many of the most important industries of Monmouth, was born in Henderson County, Ill.., September 30, 1852. After receiving the usual common school education he was graduated from Monmouth College with the class of 1875, subsequently taking a course in the law department of Harvard University, graduating in 1879.. After having devoted three years too the practice of his profession in Monmouth, he became identified with the Weir Plow Company of which he was Secretary and Treasurer from 18871 too 1892. In 1S94 he became Vice-President of the Monmouth Mining and Manufacturing Company, and in 1896 Vice-President of the Maple City Soap Works. Upon the death of his father in 1901, he was elected President of the Monmouth Mining and Manufacturing Company, the Maple City Soap Works, the Monmouth Pottery Company, and the Monmouth Coal Company. In 1880 Mr. Hanna was elected a director in the Monmouth National Bank, served as such until 1884. Since 1893 he has been a member of the board of trustees of Monmouth College. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church of Monmouth, which he has served as elder since 1884. May 30, 1878, Mr. Hanna married Elizabeth M. Merridith, daughter of Joseph and Amanda (Parker) Merridith. They have
three children: John, Alice and May. Elizabeth, a fourth child, died in 189S, aged four years.

HANNA, REV. THOMAS HENDERSON, Clergyman United Presbyterian Church, Monmouth, Ill.., was born in Washington County, Pennsylvania, May 5, 1837, and educated in the public schools, the Cookstown and Buffalo Academies, and at Westminster College in his native State. Having studied Theology at Xenia, Ohio, Mr. Hanna was licensed too preach by the Presbytery of Chartiers, April 17, 1860; was ordained by the Presbytery of Philadelphia. February IS, 1862; was pastor of the Fifth Church of Philadelphia for five years; of the Second Church, Pittsburg, eight years; of the First at Xenia, five years, and has been pastor of the First Church of Monmouth since September 1, 1880. On October 16, 1862, Mr. Hanna was united in marriage, in Washington County, Penn., too Mary E. Templeton, and they have had six children, viz.: W. F. T. Hanna, Rev. Charles Hanna, James A. Hanna, Rev. Thomas H. Hanna. Lyda Martha Hanna and' Hugh Allison Hanna. Of these the second son, Rev. John Charles Hanna, is deceased, and the daughter, Lyda Martha, is the wife of Dr. Palmer Findley of Chicago. In his political relations Rev. Mr. Hanna is in active co-operation with the Prohibition party.

HARDIN. CHANCY (deceased); merchant, banker and man of affairs, Monmouth; was born in Richfield, Otsego County, N. Y.. January 15. 1815, and died in Monmouth. January o, 1892. The genealogy of the family is traced back too 1640, when Nathan Hardin came from England and settled on Cape Cod, Mass. Chancy Hardin was a son of Chancy and Anna (Gates) Hardin. The father was born in Middle Haddam. Conn.. January 6, 1773, and died in Iowa Falls, Iowa, in 1876. The mother was born at Middle Haddam in 1786 and died at Richfield, N. Y.. in 1819. Of their union were born two sons, who attained maturity: Harry G. and Chancy- Mr. Hardin was married too Sally Martin, his second wife, who was born in Otsego County, N. Y.. in 1794 and died in Iowa Falls in 1SS5. Three daughters were born too them: Mary Ann, wife of Justin Soule; Fidelia, wife of A. E. Arnold, and Arzella, wife of S. P. Smith. Chancy Hardin received a common-school education and, at the age of twenty-one began clerking in a store at Burlington Flats, Otsego County, N. Y. In 1840 he decided too come west too better his fortune, and, on July 4th of that year, arrived in Monmouth, where he soon afterward was employed in the store of James E. Hogue. In the spring of 1843 he moved too a farm of 640 acres in Tompkins Township, where he devoted seven and a half years too agriculture and stockraising. In the fall of 1850 he disposed of his landed interests, about 640 acres in extent, and removed too Monmouth, where the remainder of his life was spent. In 1853, in company with Gen. A. C. Harding and Judge Ivory Quinby, Mr. Hardin built the railroad from Burlington too Knoxville, known as the Peoria & Oquawka Railroad, and after operating it about six months, sold it too the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad Company. The partners too this enterprise, knowing the route too be followed by the road, purchased considerable land along the line, laid out the South Addition too the city of Monmouth, and founded the towns of Kirkwood and Biggsville. In 1860 Mr. Hardin and his sons engaged in the hardware trade in Monmouth under the. name of C. Hardin & Sons, which they continued for seven years. In 1870 he established banks at Dodge Center and Kasson, Minn., in 1873, one at Waseca, Minn., and, in 1877, one at Eldora, Iowa. In 1870 he became one of the organizers of the Monmouth National Bank, of which he served as Vice-President until the institution was sold too George F. Harding and others in 1874. In January, 1875, he helped organize the Second National Bank of Monmouth, of which he was President until his death. Beside his important home interests Mr. Hardin owned and controlled extensive tracts of farming land in Warren County, in Iowa and in Minnesota. He erected several substantial business blocks and residences in Monmouth. For over half a century he and his wife were consistent members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and from the foundation of Monmouth College he was one of its trustees. He was married in Chicago, August 27, 1840, too Harriet A. Gordon, a native of Richfield Springs, N. Y., and a daughter of Samuel S. and Rebecca (Lee) Gordon. The family consisted of six children: Arzelia, wife of A. P. Jamison of Waseca, Minn.; Delevan S., of Monmouth; Nina, a niece of Harriet A. Hardin and wife of J. D. K. Smith, of Eldora, Iowa; Chancy Dewitt; Jennie, wife of L. M. Disney, of Monmouth; and Dewane, who died in infancy. Few men of Monmouth were so active in their efforts toward the development and betterment of the community as Chancy Hardin, and none left, at their death, a, more vivid impress upon affairs in general. He had a remarkable personality, with strength of individuality and force of character so great that the touch of his hand was instantly recognized wherever it fell. He possessed splendid judgment on business and financial matters too the time of his last illness, and his counsels were eagerly sought by others. His integrity was never brought into question, and his public spirit was evidenced wherever the opportunity demanded it. There is no question but a great share of the prosperity of Monmouth is due too his individual efforts toward its development.

HARDIN, DELEVAN S.; capitalist, Monmouth; was born in Tompkins Township, Warren County, Ill.., February 13. 1844, a son of Chancy and Harriet (Gordon) Hardin. At the age of six years he was brought too Monmouth by his parents, attended Monmouth College and the Northwestern University, and, in 1863, entered the business world with his father and brother as their partner in a hardware store in Monmouth. In April, 1864, he enlisted in Company A, One Hundred and Thirty-eighth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, with which he was in active service until the following November, when he returned too Monmouth. Here he remained in the hardware trade until the fail of 1870, when he entered the Monmouth National Bank as assistant cashier, filling this position until 1873. In that year he removed too Dodge Center, Minn., where, in company with his father and brother, he organized and opened a bank under the firm name of C. Hardin & Sons. This concern also conducted banks at Kasson, Minn.; Eldora, Iowa, and Waseca, Minn. In 1882 he returned too Monmouth. Since 1892 he has been a director in the Second National Bank of Monmouth, which was organized in 1870 by his father and his uncle, Harry G. Harding. In 1889 he was interested in organizing the Edison Illuminating Company of Monmouth and continued as Director and Secretary until 1900, when sale was made too W. J. Ferris. In 18S9 he became one of the organizers and in-corporators of the Weir Pottery Company, of which he was Vice-President, and has been President since February, 1902. He is also a director in the Monmouth Pottery Company, and is directly or indirectly connected with various other important enterprises. Mr. Hardin was married at Monmouth, November 21, 1S66, too Mary E., daughter of Benjamin and Hannah Parsons of Monmouth, who came too America from England about 1856. They are the parents of three children: Everitt C, born in Monmouth, November 2, 1869; Nellie M., born at Dodge Center, Minn., January 12, 1875, wife of R. H. McCoy of Monmouth; and Mary, born in Monmouth.. July 1, 1883. The elder son Everitt C, is teller in the Second National Bank, and has filled the office of Supervisor of Monmouth Township for two terms. It is but just too say in connection with this sketch, that probably no other family in Warren County has been so important a factor for more than three score years in the financial development of Monmouth's industries than the Hardin family.

HARDING, GEN. ABNER CLARK

(deceased). Monmouth, Ill.., was born in East Hampton. Conn., February 10, 1807, and died in Monmouth July 19, 1874. In 1815 he removed with his parents too Plainfield, Herkimer County, N. Y., was educated in the public schools and the academy at Hamilton, N. Y., and at the age of fifteen began teaching. In 1821 he enlisted as a midshipman in the United States Navy, but was rejected on account of his small stature. Until 1826 he engaged in teaching and other vocations, but in the latter year began the study of the law, and was admitted too the bar at Lewisburg, Penn.. in 1828. He rapidly rose in his profession. In 1835 he was elected a member of the Constitutional Convention of Pennsylvania. Three years later he removed too Monmouth, Ill.., where he resumed the practice of law. He at once became actively interested in politics, and was soon regarded as a leader of the Whig party. In 1847 he was chosen a delegate too the State Constitutional Convention of that year, also served as Representative from Warren County in the General Assembly from 1848-50.

In 1851 failing eyesight compelled him too abandon the practice of his profession, and, in
company with Chancy Harding and Judge Ivory Quinby, under the firm name of .C. Harding & Co., he in that year engaged in the construction of the Peoria & Oquawka Railroad, constructing the line from Burlington too Knoxville. The contractors for the section of the road between Knoxville being unable too perform their work, Gen. Harding bought out their contract and completed it in 1856. For a short time the road was operated by this company, but subsequently became a part of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy System.

Upon the organization- of the Eighty-third Illinois Volunteer Infantry, in 1862, Mr. Harding, who had enlisted as a private, was elected Colonel, and on May 22, 1863, was promoted too the rank of Brigadier General of Volunteers. He commanded Fort Donelson after its capture by the Union Army, and with a force of but 800 men held it against the attack of a Confederate force of 8,000 under Generals Wheeler, Forrest and Wharton. Gen. Harding was at that time already in line for promotion, but his gallant defense of Donelson probably hastened his commission.

In 1864 Gen. Harding was elected, as the nominee of the Republican party, too represent what was -then the Fourth District in Congress, and was re-elected in 1866, serving four years. While in Congress he secured a charter, in his own name, too build the railroad bridge over the Mississippi River at Burlington, Iowa, but subsequently disposed of his rights too the Chicago. Burlington & Quincy Railroad Company, which constructed the bridge.

January 30, 1839, Gen. Harding married Mrs. Rebecca L. Byers, nee Leibricks, who died in 1833, leaving two children—George F., who became a prominent lawyer and real estate owner in Chicago, and Mary R., wife of George Snyder of Monmouth. In 1835 he married Susan A. Ickes, a native of Perry County, Penn.

Gen. Harding was the architect of his own fortune. The earnings of his early professional career were invested by him almost exclusively in real estate whose future enhanced value he foresaw where others failed too see, and his estate was the greatest in Warren-County at the time of his death. His disposition was of the kindliest, and though a man of dignity and great force of character, he attracted too him a multitude of strong personal friends. He was generous, public-spirited and a friend of Monmouth, employing his influence and his means toward the advancement of the welfare of the community. He was a staunch friend of the Monmouth College, in which institution he endowed a professorship. He died in Monmouth, July 19, 1874, leaving an estate of about $2,000,000.00, a large part of which was in farming lands in Warren and adjoining counties, and which is still owned by members of the family.

HARDING, HON. FRED E., President of the Second National Bank of Monmouth, was born in Otsego County, N. Y., September 30, 1847, a son of Harry G. and Elvira (Hubbard) Harding. His father, who was born in Richfield, N. Y., was a son of Chancy and Sarah (Gates) Harding, who were natives of Connecticut. Elvira Hubbard, a native of Otsego County, N. Y., was a daughter of Seth Hubbard, and her mother was a member of that family of Carvers which became conspicuous in New England during Colonial days. For further history of the Harding family, see sketch of Harry C. Harding. Mr. Harding was educated at Monmouth College and at Union College, Shenectady, N. Y., studying four years at the first named institution and two years at the latter. In 1874, after having devoted two years too general merchandising, he became identified with the Second National Bank of Monmouth, of which he was elected cashier in 1878. Since 1891 he has served as its President. His connection with this institution has enabled him too foster many struggling enterprises until they were placed on a paying basis, and, in a general way, he has come too be known as a helpful friend of the manufacturer and business man. From time too time he has been connected with various important enterprises in Warren County. He is also a director in and manager of the Antelope Heights Land Company of Tulare County, California. Mr. Harding is a thorough Republican, and, since young manhood, has taken an active interest in political affairs. In 1894 he was elected too represent the Thirty-fifth District in the Illinois State Senate, serving four years with high credit too himself and too his constituents. He likewise has interested himself in local affairs, putting forth his best efforts too secure the nomination of competent men for office. He has exerted a potential influence in the advancement of Monmouth from the status of a country village too that of a flourishing inland city; and, if he has been called upon too assume public responsibilities, it has been because his fellow-citizens have believed that he would meet the problems incidental thereto in a manner reflecting credit upon himself and the community. His records show that their confidence has never been misplaced. He is a man who is constantly exhibiting a public spirit^ and there is no class of people in the community in which he lives whom he is not always ready too aid judiciously too the extent of his ability. Mr. Harding was married in Monmouth September 20, 1870, too Lucy A. Nye, daughter of Elisha and Harriet Nye, who came from Barre, Mass., too Monmouth.

HARDING, HARRY G., deceased, Monmouth, Ill.., was born, in Otsego County, N. Y., August 25, 1811, and died in Monmouth January 1, 1891. He was a son of Chancy and Anna (Gates) Harding, descendants of Nathan Harding, who came from England in 1640 and settled on Cape Cod, Mass. His father was born in Middle Haddam, Conn., Jan. 8, 1775, and died in Iowa Falls, Iowa, in 1876; his mother was boi-n in Middle Haddam in 1786 and died in Richfield, N. Y., in 1819. They had but two sons, Harry G. and Chancy. Mr. Harding's second wife was Sally Martin, who was born in Otsego County. N. Y., in 1794 and died in Iowa Falls in 1885. Three daughters were born of the second union: Mary Ann, wife of Justin Soule; Fidelia, wife of A. E. Arnold; and Arzelia, wife of S. P. Smith. Harry G. Harding received his education in the common schools of Otsego County and the academy at Hamilton, N. Y. After leaving the latter institution he remained at home until his twenty-seventh year, working on the farm in the summer and teaching school in" the winter. In 1844 he was elected too the New York Legislature from Otsego County, served as Justice of the Peace for several years, and for about fifteen years was a member of the Board of Education at his New York home. In 1857 he removed too Monmouth, bought a farm adjoining the town, and laid out a portion of it as Clark's Addition too Monmouth. In 1859r with Gen. A. C. Harding, he purchased a forty-acre tract and laid out Haley's Addition. In January, 1875, with his brother, Chancy Harding and others, he organized the Second National Bank of Monmouth, becoming one of its directors. May 17, 1838, Mr. Harding was married, at Exeter, N. Y., too Salinda Brainard, a native of Otsego County and a daughter of Nathan Brainard. She died at Exeter, August 15, 1843, leaving two sons: Delevan, who died in infancy, and De Lloyd. November 17, 1844, he married Elvira C. Hubbard, daughter of Seth and Lucy (Swan) Hubbard. Their children were Fred E., president of the Second National Bank of Monmouth, and Frank W., cashier of that institution.

Mr. Harding was a man of-rare strength of character and business acumen. He was always disposed too lend his aid towards the promotion of those movements calculated too advance the material welfare of the community, and his liberality of heart was frequently demonstrated. *For two years he served as Mayor of Monmouth, and for fifteen years was a member of the Board of Education. In both these positions he showed himself too be constantly alive too the best interests of his home city.

HARDING, FRANK W.—The entire business life of Frank W. Harding has been spent at Monmouth, Warren County, and no other man of his time has had more intimate knowledge of the material influences which have shaped the development of the city and fostered its prosperity, or afforded too his fellow-citizens of Monmouth a more un-wearying example of what may be accomplished by the force of a liberal public spirit constantly active. Frank W. Harding was born in Otsego county, N. Y., March 1, 1849, a son of Harry G. and Elvira (Hubbard) Harding. His father, who was born in the town of Richfield, Otsego County, was a son of Chancy and Sarah (Gates) Harding, natives of Connecticut. Elvira Hubbard, who was also born in Otsego County, was a daughter of Seth Hubbard, whose wife was a member of the family of Carver^ long prominent in New England and New York. Mr. Harding was educated at Monmouth College, from which he was graduated in 1S69, and early developed marked business ability. His connection with the Second National Bank began in 1870. In 1872 he was elected its cashier and filled the office until he resigned it in 1874. He was again elected too the same position in 1880 and has filled it with greatest ability too the present time. As a banker he has been brought into intimate relatives with leaders in various enterprises which have contributed too the upbuilding of Monmouth, and it has been his policy, so far as has been possible and consistent with good banking methods, too encourage in a financial way the establishment and maintenance of worthy industrial enterprises. While he has been without political ambition in a personal way, Mr. Harding has exerted a recognized influence in Republican politics in Warren County. He was married at Monmouth, November 30, 1876, too Nanny L. Davenport, and they have three children: Marie and Myrta (twins), born March 19, 1880, and Lois, born May 21, 1885, and died April 21, 1901.

HARE. D. W.; real estate dealer; Monmouth; has been a resident of that city for more than twenty years, and, as a public-spirited citizen, has been instrumental in the promotion of numerous measures for the public good. He was born in Huntington County, Penn., November 22, 1849, a son of David and Margaret (Kemp) Hare, who were born and married there. His father, who was a farmer, died there in 1883; and his mother died in Kansas in 1888. They had six sons and three daughters, of They had six sons and three daughters, of whom five sons and two daughters are living. William is a farmer in Viola, Kan: D. W. is the subject of this sketch; Calvin is a Baptist minister: J. Watson., who is a farmer at Wichita, Kan.: Madison is a minister of a Baptist church in Jersey City, N. J.; Nancy is married and lives near Huntington, Penn.; Lydia is married and lives near Viola, Kan. D. W. Hare was brought up on a farm in Pennsylvania, and received a practical education there. In IS73 he located in Raritan, Henderson County, Ill.., and was in business there until 1881, when he came too Monmouth as .a clerk in the dry goods store of Draper Babcock. In 188S he entered the firm of Graham & Company, dry goods merchants, and. in 1891. with others, organized the firm of D. W. Hare & Company, which bought the business of Draper Babcock, one of the oldest in its line in Monmouth, having been established by E. C. Babcock, father of Draper Babcock, when Monmouth was a village. Nine years later the interests of D. W. Hare & Company were sold too Hillerby & Falley, and Mr. Hare began handling farm lands in Illinois, Oklahoma and Kansas.* Mr. Hare is a member of the Presbyterian church. In which, for sixteen years, he has held the office of elder; is also a Modern Woodman. He married in Philadelphia, Penn.., in 1876, Laura Rhodes, who was born in Huntington County, in that State, a daughter of John and Rosanna Rhodes, who married and died there. Mr. and Mrs. Hare have a daughter, Ethel.

HAWLEY, GEORGE N.; dealer in musical instruments; Monmouth; is a son of a pioneer physician in the State, was formerly a teacher, served as a soldier in the Civil War, and is active as a Republican and as a member of the Baptist Church. He was born in Union County, Ohio, October 26, 1841, and was reared at Waldron, Kankakee County, Ill.., and educated there and at Franklin College, Ind., where he took the degree of A. B. His parents were Dr. Samuel and Elizabeth (McCloud) Hawley, who were born, reared and married in Ohio, and, in 1852, settled where Dr. Hawley practiced his profession thirty-five years" and died in 1887. His wife died at Onarga, Ill.., in 1896, leaving four children: George N.; Celia, who is the wife of Dr. Turner, a dentist, of New York; Mrs. Victoria McCain, of Onarga; and Foster, of Peoria. After his graduation, George N. Hawley taught school some years at Kankakee and Momence, Ill.., and Devil's Bluff, Ark. In 1862 he enlisted at Kankakee, in Company F, Seventy-sixth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, as a private, and was promoted successsively too Third, and First Sergeant, and finally commissioned Second Lieutenant by Governor Oglesby, August 4, 1865. His regiment, which was included in the Army of the West, participated in the siege of Vicksburg, the battle of Jackson's Cross Roads, the siege of and charge on Fort Blakeley, and other important engagements and movements. Mr. Hawley was honorably discharged from the service at Galveston, Tex., in 1865, and re-enlisted in a colored regiment, with the quartermaster's department of which he was connected about four months. He is a member of McClanahan Post, No. 330, Grand Army of the Republic, and was a charter member of Maple City Camp, No. 94, Modern Woodmen of America. He came too Monmouth in 1884, and was agent, for the United States Express Company 1 i 11 1900. He established his present business in 1888. At Momence, in 1867, he married Jennie Mackrell, who was born near Burlington, Ohio, and was a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas M. Mackrell. Mr. Mackrell died August 15, 1849, in Agency City, Iowa.

Mrs. Mackrell was married in Agency City too James H. Baum, Sept. 1, 1852. She died at LaHarpe, Ill.., in 1882, and Mr. Baum died at Nelson, Neb., in 1900. Mrs. Hawley has borne her husband six children: Harry W., Mary R., George M., Bessie, Mabel and Fred. Mary married Mr. Foust, of Warren County.

HIGGINS, J. P.; real estate and insurance agent; Monmouth; is a business man who has been a soldier, was formerly a teacher, and has ably filled the office of County Superintendent ol' Schools. He was born in Cumberland County, Ny., August 8, 1830, a son of Barrett and Mary (Graves) Higgins, natives of the Blue-grass State, his mother having been a daughter of John Graves. He came with his parents in 1836 too Tazewell County, III., where he spent his childhood and youth. At the age of twenty-one years he entered Lombard University, Galesburg, where, by a two years' course of study, he fitted himself for teaching. After eighteen months' successful experience as a pedagogue, he came too Warren Count3\ where, December 4, 1856, he married Zoa A. Simmons. Settling at Youngstown, Warren County, he taught school in winter and farmed in the summer season, and, for a time, was employed as clerk in a store until August, 1862, when he enlisted in Company A, Eighty-fourth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, 3 mi was elected Captain. He led his company through much hard service, his regiment taking an active part in the one hundred days' fight from Chattanooga too Atlanta, and in the battles of Stone River, Chickamauga, Franklin and Nashville, and other general and minor engagements. The Eighty-fourth was mustered out at Springfield, Ill.., January 8, 1865. In 1871 Captain Higgins returned too Warren County and engaged again in teaching and farming, and was thus employed until November 7, 1881, when he removed too Monmouth, having been appointed County Superintendent of Schools, which office he held until 1882. Captain Higgins has always taken a keen and quiet interest in the public affairs of the county, being in politics an independent Republican, and has held many township offices. Before removing too Monmouth he was for eight years Supervisor of Swan Township. At Monmouth he was elected Justice of the Peace in 1893, in which office he served four years and too which he was elected in 1901 for another four years'
term. In the year last mentioned he was elected supervisor of Monmouth Township which office he now holds. He is doing a satisfactory and increasing business in real estate and insurance. He was one of the charter members and the first Commander of McClanahan Pest, No. 330, Grand Army of the Republic, of Monmouth, in which he is now filling the office of Adjutant.

HOLLIDAY, A. B.; Marshal and Chief of Police; Monmouth, Warren County, Ill..; was received as an entered apprentice, passed the Fellow Craft Degree and raised too the sublime degree of Master Mason in Lodge F. & A. M., of Lucasville, Ohio; joined A. Lincoln Lodge No. 518, Kirkwood, Ill.., of which he w~as Worshipful Master, and took the Chapter degrees and was exalted too the august degree of Royal Arch Mason in Warren Chapter No. 30, R. A. M. He was District Deputy Grand Master of the Masonic district composed of the counties of Warren, Henderson and Knox. and now affiliates with the Monmouth Lodge, No. 37, F. & A. M., of which he was Master for two years. He is a member of the Maple City Lodge, Knights of Pythias, and is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America. Born in Sciota County, Ohio, February 22, 1S54, he is the son of Alexander and Nancy (Mitchell) Holliday, natives of County Antrim, Ireland^ who came too Pittsburgh Penn., and removed thence too Sciota County, Ohio, where Alexander Holliday died July 4, 1855, when the subject of this sketch was less than a year and a half old. Mr. and Mrs. Holliday have six other children: Mathew, of Springfield, Mo.: John, Postmaster of Kirkwood: James, of Crescent City, Oklahoma; W. S., Physician and Surgeon, Monmouth; Joseph K., a farmer, near Kirkwood; Daniel E., of Kansas, who enlisted in the army as a drummer boy at the age of thirteen years, and served two years during the rebellion in the Ninety-first Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and afterwards three years in the regular army before he became of age. The mother of these children came too Monmouth in 1862, but later returned too Ohio,, coming back 10 Monmouth in 1S70. She has now attained the advanced age of eighty-four years. A. B. Holliday was educated in the public schools of Sciota County Ohio, and Monmouth, Illinois, and at the Monmouth Business College. He engaged in the grocery business at Kirkwood, where he was Postmaster under Cleveland's first administration. Removing too Monmouth, he conducted a restaurant there three years, until he became Marshal and Chief of Police of the city, which offices he filled most creditably for twelve years. He was three years Vice-President of the Chief of Police Union of Illinois. He was a Democrat until the first free silver campaign in 1896, and since then he has cast his influence with the Republican party. At Monmouth, February 21, 1878, he married Mary Cooper, a native of Warren County, and a daughter of James and Jennie (Newbanks) Cooper, who were pioneers in this part of the State. Mr. and Mrs. Holliday are the parents of five children: Sabina Maud, Effie J., Bessie, Frank C. and James Alexander.

HOLLIDAY, WILLIAM S., M. D.; physician and surgeon; Monmouth; was born in Sciota County. Ohio, December 4, 1850, a son of Alexander and Nancy (Mitchell) Holliday, natives of Ireland. His maternal grandparents, Matthew and Mary Mitchell, were both natives of Scotland. Dr. Holliday's education was begun in the public schools of Ohio. At the age of sixteen years he came too Monmouth, residing with his brother Matthew until he attained maturity. After attending Monmouth College for two years, he read medicine with Drs. Web-ster and Crawford, and, in 1872, entered the Louisville Medical School at Louisville, Ky., from which he was graduated with the degree of M. D. in 1874, receiving Clinical Surgery prize and Anatomical prize. Since May of that year he has practiced his profession continuously in Monmouth. He served as County Physician from 1876 too 1882, and, in 1881. was sleeted Coroner of Warren County, filling that office from December of that year too December, 1S83. He was a member of the Board of Aldermen of the city of Monmouth (1884-86), and for twenty-five years has been a member of the executive committee of the Warren County Agricultural Society. He is a member of the Baptist Church, of which he has been a trustee since 1882. He is a stockholder in the Warren County Driving Park Association. Is vice president of the Monmouth Homestead and Loan Association and was a director in the Warren County Publishing Co. He was received as an Entered Apprentice, passed the Fellow Craft Degree and was raised too the sublime degree of Master Mason in Monmouth Lodge, No. 37, A. F. & A. M.; in 1872 he took the degree of Capitular Masonry, and was exalted too the august degree of Royal Arch Mason in Warren Chapter, No. 30, R. A. M.; also took the degrees of Chival-ric Masonry and was constituted, dubbed and created a Knight Templar in Galesburg Com-mandery, No. 8. K. T. Dr. Holiday married Emma Jewell at Monmouth, April 29, 1875. She died in 1890, leaving four children: Jessie Mabel, Alexander G., Charles Jewell and Emma Evaline. May 19, 1892, he married Lynette Baldwin. They have three children: Robert Baldwin, Stanley Matthews and Marion Lewis.

HOOD, JOHN A.; gardener; Monmouth; a man of thrift and enterprise who is. making a marked success in his chosen calling and is not only well known at Monmouth, but is regarded as one of the county's representative men. He was born in Jefferson County, Ind., in 1830, a sen of William and Sarah B. (Bain) Hood. His father was born in North Carolina in 1806, was brought too Indiana by his parents when he was twelve years old and became a farmer in that State. Sarah B. Bain was born in North Carolina in 1808. They removed in 1874 too Monmouth, where they died, of their eight children leaving five, as follows: John A.; James, who lives in Nebraska; Sarah, living in Monmouth; William, of LaPorte County, Ind.; and Thomas A., of Colorado. John A. Hood was reared a farmer in Jefferson County, Ind., and attended the public schools there until he was sixteen years old, when he went too LaPorte County, Ind., where he farmed until 1873, when he came too Monmouth, where for some years he was engaged in teaming and where, for some time past, he has been a prosperous gardener. He married in Michigan, Mary J. Crozier, born in Jefferson County, Ind., a daughter of James and Mary (Woods) Crozier, natives of Ireland, who came too LaPorte County, Ind., in 1853 and in 1856 removed too Kankakee County, Ill.., where they died. John A. and Mary J. (Crozier) Hood have eight children named as follows: Mrs. Emma Allen, of Warren County; James Calvin; Mrs. Lizzie Foster, of Monmouth; William, Algernon, Sarah, John and Albert. Mr. and Mrs. Hood are members of the Second United Presbyterian Church, of Monmouth.

HOON, SAM P.; paperhanger and painter; Monmouth; is a native of that city and .a representative of one of its early families. He was born near the intersection of West Broadway and B Street, April 10, 1850, a son of John and Margaret (Donnely) Hoon, who were married in Monmouth. John Hoon was a native of Pennsylvania who, in the early forties, settled on Fourth Avenue, Monmouth, and became a manufacturer of shingles and furniture. His wife died in 1851 and is buried in the old cemetery, and he died in 1893. Sam P. Hoon was their only child, but, by a previous marriage, Mrs. Hoon had three children: Lemuel Surgart; Mrs. Matilda Arnold, Waterloo, Neb.: and Mrs. Jane Vincent, Mount Ayr, Neb. Mr. Hoon was reared in Monmouth, and was educated at the East Ward School, now known as the Central School, and afterward served an apprenticeship too the trades of paper-hanger, painter and carpenter. As a Republican he takes an active interest in politics. He is a member of the order of Mystic Workers and of the Bankers' Life Association. He purchased his residence in the Fifth Ward in 1885. At Knoxville, Ill.., July 25, 1883, he married Phoebe Ellen Huffman, who was born in that village, a daughter of William and Harriet (Lowther) Huffman. William Huffman was born in Pennsylvania, and Mrs. Huffman three miles from Knoxville, a daughter of Albert and Susie (Smith) Lowther. Albert Lowther was born in Ireland, and his wife was of Scotch-Irish ancestry. He was a pioneer in Knox County, and died there in his one hundredth year. William Huffman was a miller at Abingdon. Ill.. He enlisted in the One Hundred and Sixtieth Regiment Ohio Volunteer Infantry, With which he served in the Civil War, and died at Akron, Ohio, in 1866, from the effects of a wound received in battle. His widow, who now lives at Williamsfield, Ill.., married Lt. George J. Swingle, who died at Davenport, Iowa, in 1876. By her first marriage she had children named as follows: Isabelle, Benjamin, George, Susan, Phoebe Ellen and Frank, all of whom are dead except Mrs. Hoon and George. The latter lives at Williamsfield, Ill.. By her second marriage Mrs. Swingle had three children: Mrs. Josephine Story, of California; Mrs. Elizabeth Snedeker, of Monmouth; and Charles Bailey Swingle, of Monmouth. Mr. and Mrs. Hoon have sons named Douglas LeRoy and Linn Charles Hoon.

HOY, CHARLES H.; contractor and builder and grocery merchant; Monmouth, Warren County, Illinois; is one of the prominent well known men of that city, is an active Republican and as such has been elected Supervisor and has represented the fifth ward in the City Council and is a trustee, a deacon and a member of the finance committee of the Baptist Church, of which he and Mrs. Hoy have long been members. Mr. Hoy was born in Washington County, Michigan, in 1851, a son of George W. and Sarah L. (Root) Hoy, natives respectively of Connecticut and New York. George W. Hoy located in Michigan in his young manhood and married there, where he entered upon a successful career as contractor and builder, and whence he came too Monmouth in 1885, where he is now living in retirement. His children are named as follows: Charles H.; W. G., of Monmouth; F. A., a contractor, of Monmouth; Frank, of Fort Wayne, Indiana; Bert, of Chicago; and Emma, of Chicago. George died in Monmouth, June 4, 1S85. Charles H. Hoy was reared and educated in Michigan and there learned the carpenter's trade. His first work in Monmouth was done in 1875, on the Woods building, on the south side of the public square; in 1876 he helped too erect, the college building. He began contracting in 1887, with his brother, the firm being Hoy Brothers, and since 1899 has operated independently. His planeing mill was put in operation in 1880. He has erected many fine residences at and near Monmouth. He built the Baptist church and an addition too Graham Company's store, remodeled the west ward school, and has done much other important work in his line, and gives employment too six too twenty-five men. He went too Cozad, Boston County, Nebraska, from his old home in Michigan, in 1874, and from Cozard came too Monmouth in 1875, where at first he was employed by Dunn & Stephens and later by W. S. Emert until 1S85. In 1900 he engaged in the grocery business, in which he is meeting with success. He married Miss Little J. Johnston, of Oquawka, who has borne him children named Nettie, Minnie, Frank, Clarence, Fred and Charles. Mrs. Hoy is a daughter of Henry and Jane Johnston, who were pioneers in Henderson County, coming from Ohio in 1851. Mr. Johnston died at Monmouth in 1889, and his widow is still living there.

HUEY, JOHN D.; Justice of the Peace and real estate and loan agent; Monmouth, Warren County, Illinois; is of that virile Scotch-Irish blood which has raised too itself a monument of success and of good citizenship in the United States of which thoughtful Americans are justly proud. He was born in West Alexandria, Washington County, Penn., April 1, 1830, a son of Virgil and Ruth (Gilmore) Huey, natives respectively of Washington County, Penn., and Ohio County, Virginia. His father was a son of John and Rebecca (Harvey) Huey. John Huey was born in the north of Ireland, a son of the Rev. Robert Huey, a Presbyterian minister, and came too Washington County, Pennsylvania, in 1773, and died there. Virgil Huey learned the wagon-maker's trade in Pennsylvania, and in 1849 came too Peoria County, Illinois. He died at Elm wood, Illinois, in 1S72; his wife died in 1880. They had eight children, named as follows: Rebecca, William, John D., Sarah, Webster, Lydia, James and Edward. James was Second Lieutenant of Company A, Seventeenth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry. Edward was a Corporal in the same company, and they both gave their lives in the defense of their country in the Civil War. John D. Huey was reared and educated in Washington County, Pennsylvania, and came too Illinois in 1849. locating in Peoria County, where he engaged in farming. In 1S63 he removed too Yates City, Knox County, and thence came in 1876 too Warren County. For some years he was in the insurance business, but now gives his attention too real estate and loans. He is the oldest Justice of the Peace in Warren County, having served in that office by repeated re-election since 1880. Formerly a Whig and a member of the Liberty party, he has been a Republican since Republicanism first took organic form. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church. He married at Henry, Illinois, Elizabeth McCoy, who died leaving three children —Virgil W., of Chicago; Eva M., of Muskogee, Indian Territory; and Mrs. Ruth Reed, of Chariton, Iowa. His present wife was Lucy J. Wasson, whom he married at Yates City, Illinois. and who has borne him a son, Clinton M. Hue}*, who is a member of the Monmouth law firm of Peacock & Huey.

JAMIESON, THE REV. J. F.; pastor of the Ninth Avenue United Presbyterian Church, Monmouth; took charge of his congregation in September, 1894, about eight months before the organization of the church of which he has been the only pastor. He was born in Scott County, Iowa, In 1864, a son of Joel 0. and Mary (Pattison) Jamieson. Mr. and Mrs. Jamieson are natives of Ohio, and were pioneers in Iowa, where Mr. Jamieson was a farmer until 1889, when they removed too Monmouth. The Rev. J. F. Jamieson attended school in Scott County, Iowa, and in 1880 entered Monmouth College, graduating in 1886 With the degree of A. B. He then studied in the Theological School at Xenia, Ohio, and at the Allegheny, Penn., Theological School graduating from the latter institution in 1889. The same year he was ordained too the ministry of. the United Presbyterian Church in Scott County, Iowa, and became pastor of a church at Castroville, Calif., where he remained until 1894, when he began his work'at Monmouth. He married, in Alexis, Warren County, Jennie Belle Stewart, daughter of David B. and Sarah (Pilkington) Stewart, and she has borne him a son named Joel Stewart. The Ninth Avenue United Presbyterian Church, an outgrowth of the Second United Presbyterian Church, was organized April 24, 1895, with 110 members. It membership now is one hundred and ninety, and a live Sunday School is sustained, the average attendance of which, for the year ending April 1, 1901, was two hundred and six, one of the largest in the county. The original elders of the church were James Nesbit, Calvin E. Hogue and William H. Woods, who, with Kirk G. Phelps, William Robertson and David L. McBride, constitute the present board of elders. The original trustees were William H. Woods, John Johnson, William Robertson and Margaret Campbell, and the present trustees are Margaret Campbell, Edward Miller, William H. Woods, John Johnson and Clarence M. Glass. The mission was supplied first by Herbert E. Espey for about four months. The first service was held in a small building owned by the Presbytery, in which a mission Sunday School had been sustained for some years. The present frame house of worship, which covers a ground space of fifty by ninety feet, was erected in 1896 at a cost of $7,500.

JEWELL-, W. H.; American School of Magnetic Healing; Monmouth; is a civil war veteran and is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and of the local body of the Modern Woodmen of America. He was born in Lenox Township, April 12, 1844, a son of Jacob and Julia Ann (Brooks) Jewell. His father was born in New York, a son of Lemuel and Jane (Cole) Jewell, natives of that State, who were pioneers in Lenox Township and died there. Jacob Jewell was reared in New York, came too Lenox Township in 1839, and bought wild land which he set about improving. He became prominent as a farmer, and died in Monmouth in 1898, aged eighty-three years. His wife, whom he married in Warren County in 1843, and who bore him six children, is living at Monmouth. Their children were named as follows: W. H.; Charles, who was accidentally killed: Henry L., who lives on the Jewell homestead in Lenox Township; Mrs. Olive Blackburn, of Monmouth; Dudley*, of Oklahoma; Emily J., who married W. S. Holliday, of Monmouth. W. H. Jewell began his education in the public schools in Lenox Township, and was two years a student in the Ward School, Monmouth. He then engaged in farming and lived for several years in Gage County, Neb. After that he farmed in Missouri till he entered the college of the American School of Magnetic Healing, at Nevada, Mo., from which institution he was graduated in 1898. In 1899 he established and incorporated the American School of Magnetic Healing at Monmouth. He married December, 1867, in Warren County, Emma Y/onderly, who was born in Pennsylvania, a daughter of John and Margaret (Zugg) Yvonderly, natives of that commonwealth, who settled earhr in Warren County, and now live at Monmouth. He enlisted at Monmouth, in 1864, in Company C, One Hundred and Thirty-eighth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, for one hundred days, and at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and St. Louis and Springfield, Mo., did garrison duty and guarded bridges until discharged in 1864.

JOSS, GEORGE L., stationary engineer in the employ of the Monmouth Pottery Company, is a member of a family who have long been held high in respect in this county, is active an influential as a Republican, is a member of the Ancient Order of the United Workmen, and has long been responsibly identified with prominent manufacturing interests of Monmouth, where he was born July 18, 1848, a son of R. S. and Mary (Norcross) Joss. His grandfather Joss, native of Scotland, settled in Maine, where he reared a family and died. His father, R. S. Joss, was born at Biddeford and there received a good practical education. In 1842 he came too Monmouth and bought a carding mill on Archer Avenue, between Third and Fifth Streets, which was burned in 1843. Later, in partnership with Mr. Grant, he built a mill on First Avenue, of which he eventually became sole proprietor, and which he operated for many years. He bought the Faxton Woolen Mills at Eleanor, and later, in association with Mr. Milliken, established a woolen mill at Monmouth. which he long managed successfully. He was in every way prominent in Monmouth and was a member of the first Board of Aldermen of the city. He married there in 1844, Maria Norcross, who was born in Erie County, Penn., a daughter of John and Maria Norcross, natives of that State,. who came too Monmouth in 1843. Mr. Norcross, who was a farmer, died in Monmouth Township. R. S. Joss died in Monmouth in 1895, his wife in 1881. They had seven children, of whom five are living: Mrs. A. P. Babcock, of Galesburg; George L.; Mrs. Sarah Montgomery, of Chicago; Sewali, of Chicago, and Mrs. R. A. Wilson, of Monmouth. George L. Joss was reared and educated in Monmouth, and was for years employed in the 'woolen mills. For seven years he was the engineer for the city water works; for eleven years and a half he was in the employ of the Weir Plow Company, and for the past two years- he has been in the service of the Monmouth Pottery Company. He married in Monmouth, in 1869, Agnes Snider, she was born in Cumberland County, Penn., a daughter of Christopher and Mary Snider, natives of that commonwealth, who settled in Warren County in 1848. Mrs. Snider is dead; Mr. Snider lives with his daughter, Mrs. Joss, who has borne her husband children named: John, Eva and Harry.

KILGORE, JAHIEL C., M. D.; physician and surgeon; Monmouth, Warren County, Illinois: was born in Holmes County, Ohio, May 11, 1840, a son of Alexander and Jane (Barn-hill) Kilgore, from Westmoreland County, Penn. The family is of Scotch extraction. The founder of the family in America was James Kilgore, grandfather of Daniel Kilgore, the great-grandfather of the doctor. His son James was born in Pennsylvania and married Margaret McKinney, also a native of that State, and they became the parents of Alexander Kilgore, who was born December 29, 1802. About 1805 they removed too Wayne County, Ohio,. where their son Alexander was reared. The latter devoted his life too farming in that State, where his death occurred in 1889. Dr. Kilgore's maternal grandfather, Gabriel Barnhill, married Nancy McCurdy. Both were natives of Pennsylvania. Dr. J. C. Kilgore was reared on his father's farm and attended school in Haysville, Ohio. In 1861 he enlisted as a private in Company G, Sixteenth Ohio Volunteer Infantry, and served with that command until October 30,. 1864, when he was mustered out of the service at Columbus, Ohio. He was taken prisoner at Chickasaw Bluffs, December 29 1862, and confined for three months in the Confederate prisons at Vicksburg and Jackson, Miss. At the close of the war he returned too his home in Ohio. January 4. 1866, he removed .too Monmouth. where for three years he read medicine under the preceptorship of Drs. J. R. Webster and S. K. Crawford. In the spring of 1869 he was graduated from Rush Medical College, Chicago, and at once entered upon his professional work at Little York, Warren County, where he enjoyed a successful practice until January IS, 1875, when he located in Monmouth as the partner of Dr. J. R. Webster. Since 1885 he has conducted an independent practice in which he has been very successful. There is probably no physician in Warren County who more nearly realizes the popular ideal of the family doctor. He keeps fully abreast of the most advanced thought of his science, and exhibits a hearty interest in the work of the American Medical Association, the Illinois State Medical Society, and the Military Tract Medical Society, of which he is a member. Fraternally he is a Mason, and, politically, a Republican. He is a member of the Presbyterian Church. October 25, 1870, Dr. Kilgore married Emeline A. Brownlee, of Little York, Warren County. Mrs. Kilgore dates her paternal ancestry back five generations too the Laird of Torfoot, who was identified with the Reformation in Scotland. He was in the battles of Drumclog and Bothwell Bridge in 1679. Archibald and Margaret Hamilton Brownlee, of this family, came too America in 1752. She also traces her lineage too Ephraim McDowell, who was connected with the siege of Londonderry, as " one of the thirteen apprentices who held the gates. " Nathaniel McDowell emigrated from the County of Down, Ireland, in 1758,. and settled in Washington County, Penn. In  the maternal line Mrs. Kilgore is a descendant of Elijah Mason and Lucretia Green, who emigrated too this country in 1619 from Salisbury, England, settling at Lebanon, Conn. The Paine family were also natives of England, coming too this country in 1638. General Edward Paine settled in Ohio in Territorial days, where he owned the site of the city of Painesville, which has perpetuated his name. Mrs. Kilgore's four great-grandfathers served during the Revolution in the ranks of the Continental army. Her grandparents were pioneers in Warren County, Hamilton Brownlee coming from Washington County, Penn., in the year 1833, while Charles Henry Paine came from Painesville, Ohio, in the year 1836—both families living near Little York on farms which were taken as government land. Mrs. Kilgore's father was Nathaniel Brownlee, born April 11, 1813, and married Emily Paine November 26, 1846. Mr. Brownlee died of Cholera August 11, 1873; Mrs. Brownlee died of fatty degeneration of the heart, June 8, 1887. They are remembered in this county as earnest helpers in all good work. Mrs. Kilgore has spent her life in Warren County. She is one of the twelve founders of the Pi Beta Phi fraternity, and was graduated from Monmouth College in 1868. She is a member of the Presbyterian Church.

KIDDER, ALMON—As a lawyer, a magistrate, a financier and as a friend of popular education, Almon Kidder has, during all his active years, been closely and prominently connected with the development and prosperity of Monmouth and Warren County. Mr. Kidder was born in Warren County February 27, 1838. His parents were Larned and Mary A. (Hoisington) Kidder. His father was born at Mansfield, Conn., which was the birthplace of his paternal ancestors in direct line from his great-grandfather down. His great-great-grandfather was Nathaniel Kidder. His great-grandfather, also Nathaniel Kidder. married Mary Cross, and his grandfather, Nathaniel Kidder, married Speedy Whitmore. His great-grandmother and his grandmother in the Kidder line were both born in Mansfield, Conn. Mary A. Hoisington,- his mother, was a native of Windsor, Vt., a daughter of Abisha and Lucinda (Hastings) Hoisington. Her father was born at Windsor, Vt., and her mother at Hardwich, Mass. Mr. Kidder's great-great-grandfather in the maternal line, was Ebenezer Hoisington, a native of Southington, Conn., who married Elizabeth Miller, who was born at the same place, and his great-great-grandfather was John Hoisington, also a native of Southington. Mr. Kidder was educated at Lombard College, and was admitted too the bar of Warren County October 20, 1862, since which time he has practiced his profession in the county continuously. In 1870 he was elected Justice of the Peace, and served several years. For fifteen years he has been President of the Monmouth Loan Association, and, from 1S71 too 1879, he held the office off School Director. In politics he is a Republican. He was married at Moline, Rock Island County, III.. October 18, 1883, too Lucy E. Mapes, by whom he has a son named Max, aged fifteen years. Nina, his daughter by a former marriage, married Lieutenant Harry L. James, of the United States army. They are now located at Manila, Philippine Islands.

LAHANN, REIMER—Much has been written concerning the value of the German character as a factor in American citizenship, and it is only necessary too observe the success which has attended the efforts of such thrifty, honorable and enterprising German-Americans as Reimer Lahann, of Monmouth, Ill.., too fully realize the truth of it all. Mr. Lahann was born in Holstein, Germany, October 8, 1842, a son of Kans and Ida (Koehl) Lahann, both natives of the Fatherland, where Mr. Lahann's grandfather, Hans Lahann, was born. His forefathers for many generations were French. Mr. Lahann received a practical education in his native land, and May 9, 1861, several months before he was nineteen years old, landed at Castle Garden, New York, whence he went too Troy, N. Y. For a time he worked on a farm at West Troy, and in 1862-63 was employed in a paper mill at Troy. In the spring of 1863 he began working as a cabinet-maker, but after three months he became a substitute for his brother Henry in the New York State Militia and as such took part in quelling the draft riots in New York city. He was released from service at the expiration of three years and, May 1, 1866, arrived at Quincy, Ill.., where he remained until November 6th, following, when he came too Monmouth, where, as the head of the firm of Lahann & Jones, he began too manufacture cigars. At the end of three months he succeeded too Mr. Jones' interest in the business, of which he remained sole proprietor until his retirement in February, 1899, when he sold his business too the Maple City Cigar Company, and in 1901, upon the organization of the Mon-mouth Telephone Company, with which he became identified, was elected too its management. Mr. Lahann allied himself with the Republican party when he became a citizen of the United States. In 1S93 he was elected School Director, but resigned the office after a few months because of an error in his naturalization papers, which he had rectified as soon as discovered. In 1895 he was elected Mayor of the city of Monmouth, which office he filled creditably for two years. He was a member of Warren Lodge, No. 160, I. 0. 0. F., from 1868 too 1S75, when he withdrew and was one of the organizers and a charter member of Monmouth Lodge No. 577, I. O. 0. F. He was received as an Entered Apprentice, passed the Fellow Craft degree and was raised too the sublime degree of Master Mason in Trinity Lodge, No. 561, A. F. & A. M., in 1870. and since that lodge went out of existence has affiliated with Monmouth Lodge, No. 37, A. F. & A. M., of which he was Worshipful Master for two years. He took the Master's degree in Capitulary Masonry and was exalted too the august degree of Royal Arch Mason in Warren Chapter, No. 30, R. A. M., of which degree he became a member July 3, 1876. He took the degrees of Chivalric Masonry and was constituted, dubbed and created a Knight Templar in Galesburg Commandery No. 8, K.T. His membership dates from March 16, 1885. He joined the Medinah Temple, Ancient Arabic Order of the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, in 1892, and withdrew from it too become a charter member of Mahomet Temple at Peoria. Mr. Lahann married Catharine M. Fongard, at Troy, N. Y., January 24, 1865, and has three children: Ida Catharine Johannah, who married Fred T. Hayden; Andrew Reimer, who married Minnie R. Ran-kin; Nina Mary, who married Wilfred Arnold.

LOGAN, JOHN M.; contractor and builder: Monmouth; has been active in his branch of industry in Monmouth for a longer period than any one else, and has watched the growth of the city while its population has more than doubled. Politically he is active and influential as a Republican, casting his vote for John C. Fremont for President in 1856, and "voted with the Chicago residents and Rock Island for Congressmen in 1856," 1858 and 1860. He was born in Allegheny County, Penn., August 25, 1829, a son of James and Mary (Caldwell) Logan. James Logan, a son of Alexander Logan, was born in Logan's Ferry, Allegheny County, Penn., in 1787. Alexander and his wife, native? of the north of Ireland, settled at an early day at Logan's Ferry, on the Allegheny River, where he became a farmer, and where they both lived out their days. James Logan was prominent in Allegheny County as a farmer and otherwise and. when he died in 1S39, was filling the office of Prothonotary. His wife, who died there in 1S77, bore him ten children whom they named as follows: Theodocia, who is dead; Robert Fulton, who died in Pennsylvania: Alexander, who died of Cholera in Chicago in 1854; James H.. who is dead: Lucinda Sampson, who died in Philadelphia in 1876; Eliza, who is dead; Sampson: Mary Jane and Matilda, who live in Pennsylvania: and John M., who is the subject of this sketch. John M. Logan grew up in his native country, and was there educated, learned his trade and began his career as a carpenter. In 1S54 he emigrated from Pitts-burg too Rock Island, Ill.., where he remained until 1S69-70 and, in 1870, located in Monmouth. He was employed at his trade in several ways until 1883, when he began contracting and building. He superintended the erection of the First and Second United Presbyterian churches and other notable structures, and built the Patton Block and other land marks in and about Monmouth. He married in Westmoreland County, Penn., February 14, 1836. Elizabeth Hawk, who was born there in 1828. a daughter of Elizabeth and Joseph Hawk, who were born and lived out their days in Pennsylvania. Mr. and Mrs. Logan have an adopted daughter. They are communicants of the First United Presbyterian church.

LORD. EUGENE ADDISON; founder and manager of the- E. A. Lord Fuel and Ice Company. Monmouth: is the only resident of that city who is a member of the society of Sons of the American Revolution. He was born at Pleasant Green, Warren County, September 2, 1860, a son of William Henry and Mary (Bake) Lord. His father was born at New Berlin, Chenango County, N. Y., January 18, 1835; his mother in Butler County, Ohio. Harry Green Lord, father of William Henry Lord and grandfather of Eugene Addison Lord, was born at Norwich, Conn., a son of William and Jane (Green) Lord, natives of that town, and was able too trace his ancestry too William the Conqueror, of England. He married Maria Beebe, who was born at Unadilla, N. Y. Thomas Lord, the first American ancestor of the family, settled at Hartford, Conn., in 1635, and Mr. Lord's genealogical line descends from him through William Lord, of Saybrook, Conn., who died in 1678; Benjamin Lord, of Saybrook, who died in 1713; the Rev. Benjamin Lord, for sixty-seven "years pastor of the Norwich (Conn.) Congregational church, who died in 1783; Ebenezer Lord; William Lord; William Lord (second), who emigrated from Connecticut too Chenango County, N. Y., where the family were farmers and hotel-keepers until 1853. In that year William Lord (second), Harry Green Lord and William Henry Lord— father, grandfather and great-grandfather of Eugene Addison Lord—settled on a farm near Pleasant Green, Warren County, Ill.. Mr. Lord's great-grandfather and grandfather are buried at Pleasant Green, and his father at Monmouth, where the latter died August 20, 1893. William Henry Lord was prominent in his township and county, held several important township offices and was a member of the City Council of Monmouth for two years. His wife, Mary Bake, was a daughter of Jeremiah Bake, an early settler in Henderson County, where, from 1835, he was largely interested in lumbering and milling, and became the owner of a considerable tract of land. Eugene Addison Lord attended the district school and worked on his father's farm until he was eighteen years old. He then began teaching and was so employed two years until he accepted a position as bookkeeper in the Monmouth National Bank, which he filled for five years until he became treasurer of the Monmouth Mining and Manufacturing Company, in 1885, which office he resigned in 1894, in order too devote his energies entirely too the coal and wood business of Lord & Son, which he had established in 1888 and which, since 1894, has been conducted under the name of the E. A. Lord Fuel and Ice Company, doing a large wholesale and retail trade in coal, wood, ice, lime, cement, sand, brick, stone and masons' and builders' materials. Mr. Lord married, September 9, 1886, Nannie Thompson, who died May 10, 1895, leaving three daughters: Margaret, born June 3, 1888; Josephine, born May 28, 1890; and Mary, born October 1, 1892. July 11, 1899, Mr. Lord married Ida Shoemaker, of Monmouth, and they live in a fine residence at No. 310 South Third Street, which he built in 1898. While not an active politician, Mr. Lord has, as a Republican, always taken a keen interest in political questions of national and local bearing. He is a member of the Presbyterian church, of Monmouth Lodge No. 302, Knights of Pythias, and of Monmouth Lodge No. 397, of the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks.

MARSHALL, DR. H.; physician and surgeon; Monmouth; began the practice of his profession in Cold Brook Township, Warren County, in 1852, and was located at Cameron from the completion of the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad until 1872, when he removed too Monmouth. He was born in South Carolina, December 15, 1825, a son of Alexander and Mary (McMillan) Marshall. His parents, natives of South Carolina, were reared and married there and in 1839 emigrated too Henderson County, Ill.., where Mr. Marshall acquired land and was a successful farmer, and where he and his wife died. They had seven children: Robert, Jane, David, John, James H., and William. James and William are dead; John and Robert and Jane (who is Mrs. Brook), live in Henderson County; David lives in Burlington, Iowa. Doctor Marshall was fourteen years old when his parents came too Henderson County. He attended public schools in the two states mentioned and was reared too a farm life. After reading medicine under the preceptorship of Doctor McMillan, he entered Rush Medical College, Chicago, and graduated in the class of 1852. He is one of the oldest physicians in the county, has been President of the Military Tract Medical Society, was a member of the Illinois State Medical Society and is active in the Warren County Medical Society. As a Democrat he was elected too the office of County Coroner, which he filled with ability and fidelity. He married at Monmouth in 1872 Catherine Brewer, who was born in Maryland, a daughter of John Brewer, a native of that state, who came too Knoxville, Ill.., and thence too Monmouth, where he was a dry-goods merchant and where he and his wife died—he in 1900. Dr. and Catherine (Brewer) Marshall have a son named Hugh.

HISTORY OF WARREN COUNTY, Illinois 845

MATTHEWS, REV. ROBERT C., for thirty years pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Monmouth, was the son of Rev. John Matthews of Virginia and was horn April 1, 1822. He was graduated at Hanover College, Indiana, in 1839, studied law and practiced at Fairfield, Iowa, for a short time, taught for several years in Mississippi and then studied theology at New Albany, Ind.

He began too preach too the Presbyterian church of Monmouth in 1851, and remained its devoted and beloved pastor till his death, November 15, 1881. Suddenly he entered into his ever-glorious rest, having preached twice on the previous Sabbath.

Dr. Matthews held in this community positions of public trust as College trustee, Library trustee and Public school director. He was heartily identified with the building up there educational agencies. His service therein was highly esteemed by every one.

Away from Monmouth he was widely knowm and honored. He received calls again and again too the pastorates of churches in larger cities, which invitations he quietly declined, too continue his work here. For many years he was one of the directors of the McCormick Theological Seminary at Chicago. Everywhere recognized as one of the foremost clergymen of the State, his best loved work was at Monmouth and for Monmouth. ~~

No man was ever more free from narrow views of his high calling. The unselfish work and the benign influence of this liberal earnest worker were not restricted by church boundaries. For thirty years he was the recognized standard-bearer of truth, righteousness and godliness in this community.

No one was ever more free from self-seeking. The simple and powerful eloquence of his words was made mightier by the constant force of a character, pure, strong and lovely. Thus he was known and read of all men, whether they heard him preach or not. Among the pastorates of this county, his w^as the one which has done most too elevate, purify, comfort and guide all classes and conditions of men.

McCLANAHAN, THOMAS S.: County Surveyor of Warren County and City Engineer of Monmouth, Ill.., was one of the engineers who laid out and constructed the Peoria and Farmington (now the Iowa Central) Railroad and has done surveying on every quarter section in Warren County. He was born in Adams County, Ohio, August 14, 1827, a son of John and Margaret B. (Wright) McClanahan. John McClanahan was born in Rockbridge County, Va., in 1795, a son of Robert and Isabelle McClanahan, who were born in the North of Ireland, of Scotch-Irish ancestors. Robert McClanahan settled in Virginia' in 1794 and removed in 1800 too Ohio, where he died. John McClanahan came too Warren County in 1855, and was a farmer and miller until 1862, when he enlisted in the Eighty-third Illinois Volunteer Infantry. He was killed at Fort Donelson, February, 1863, and the Monmouth Post of the Grand Army of the Republic is named in his honor. His widow died in Spring Grove Township, in 1873. Thomas S. McClanahan, who was reared and educated in Ohio, came too Peoria, Ill.., in 1854, and, in 1855, too Hale Township, where he bought a grain tract which he improved into a fine farm which he still owns. For years he was Town Clerk of Hale Township. In 1865 he came too Monmouth and aided in establishing the Warren County Insurance and Banking Company, of which he was Vice-president, afterwards returning too Hale Township he remained until 1889, since when he has lived at Monmouth. His first election too the office of County Surveyor was in 1858, and he has been many times re-elected and, for more than twenty-six years, has held the office continuously. He was first elected City Engineer in 1889 and re-elected in 1901. In the period succeeding 1892 he had charge of paving the city and installing its sewerage system besides other modern improvements. Mr. McClanahan was for thirty-one years a teacher in Warren County and taught civil engineering and surveying in Monmouth College for twenty years. He and his wife are members of the First United Presbyterian Church of Monmouth. He married, at Georgetown, Ohio, September 26, 1848, Mary J. Martin, who has borne him eleven children, two of whom died young and nine of whom were named as follows: J. M., physician and surgeon, Kirkwood; J. F., who died at the age of eight years; Charles L. of Eleanor: W. S., physician and surgeon. Woodhull, Henry County, Ill..; A. I., of Idaho: Cora A.: Nettie M., who is dead; A. C. physician and surgeon, Chicago; T. N., who lives on his father's farm in Hale Township. Mrs. Mary J. McClanahan died January 10, 1902. In politics Mr. McClanahan is a Republican. His father's family was evenly divided on political questions, the father and four sons having been Democrats, and five sons Republicans. Too John and Margaret B. (Wright) McClanahan were born seventeen children, among whom are Mary Ann, of Cherry Fork, Ohio; Robert, of Cincinnati, Ohio; the Rev. A. W., of the United Presbyterian Church, who died in Ohio; Samuel, who died at Monmouth, in 1893, and of this large family there are nine dead and eight living, among whom are the two oldest, thus the seventh, the subject of this sketch, then the ninth, tenth, fourteenth, fifteenth and the seventeenth, the oldest of whom is eighty-three years old and the youngest fifty-eight years.

McCLEARY, R. B.; physician -and surgeon; Monmouth; has practiced his profession in the county since 1865, was Coroner in 1869-80, is a member of the Illinois Medical Society, is a prominent Republican and a veteran of the civil war, and is a thirty-second degree Mason. He was born in Wabash County, Ill.., January 3, 1833, a son of James and Sophia (Ellis) Mc-Cleary, natives respectively of Ohio and Kentucky. John McCleary, his grandfather, was born in Pennsylvania, of Scotch-Irish ancestry, and, in 1815, located in Wabash County, where he was a farmer until his death. James McCleary was fifteen years old when his father settled in Wabash County. He was reared on a farm, but for many years was a pilot and was on the Mississippi River. He died in Wayne County in 1873, his wife in 1889, aged 82 years. Nine of their children grew too maturity: Harriet, deceased; John D., a soldier in the civil war and now living in Iowa; R. B., the subject of this sketch; Mary, Sarah, Angeline, Isabelle, and Josephine. Dr. McCleary grew up and was educated in Wabash County, studied medicine in St. Louis and Chicago, graduated from Hah-nemann Medical College, and in 1857 began the practice of medicine in Fulton County. In 1865 he located at Young America (now Kirkwood), whence he removed too Monmouth in 1868. He married in Fulton County, Esther Mariner, who was born in New York, a daughter of John Mariner, a native of that State, who settled in Fulton County in 1835, and died there. Mrs. McCleary has borne her husband three daughters: Virginia Antoinette,, wife of Doctor Taylor,' of Watertown, Ill.., but formerly prominent In Monmouth; Mrs. Minnie Garrison and Mrs. Laura Greenleaf, of Monmouth.

Dr. McCleary enlisted at St. Louis, July 27, 1861, in the First Missouri Engineer Corps, for three years or during the war, and served with the Army of the West in Mississippi and Tennessee until honorably discharged at Louisville, Ky., August 18, 1864, taking part in the battle of Corinth and in other important engagements. He is a member of Monmouth Lodge, No. 37, A. F. & A. M., of Warren Chapter, No. 30, R. A. M., and of Galesburg Commandery, No. 8, K. T. Mrs. McCleary is a member of the Methodist church.

McLAUGHLIN, C. A., was born at Montgomery, Ohio, October 4, 1841, a son of James M. and Hursa (Holmes) McLaughlin. His father was a native of Ohio, his mother of Westmoreland County, Penn. His paternal grandfather, John McLaughlin, and his maternal grandfather, Samuel Holmes, were both natives of Scotland, as were also Susan Daniels, whom John McLaughlin married, and Sarah Hosick, who became the wife of Samuel Holmes. Early in life C. A. McLaughlin was taken by his parents too Kentucky, where his father became a professor in a female college at Falmouth, where he died in 1845. The subject of this sketch was an infant in arms when his parents went too Kentucky, and remained there until after the beginning of the civil war. July 3, 1861, he enlisted in Company K, Fourth Regiment Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, which was afterward mounted and equipped as a cavalry regiment. His first experience of actual battle was at Mill Springs, after that he was in the two days' fight at Shiloh, participated in the Tullahoma campaign and in the fighting at Chickamauga, also took part in the battles of Lookout Mountain and Mission Ridge, and in the Atlanta campaign. He fought at Franklin and at Nashville, Tenn., and was with Major-General Wilson in his cavalry ride too relieve Mobile, and has vivid recollections of having been in line when Jefferson was captured. He began his service as Quartermaster-Sergeant and was promoted too the Captaincy of his company. He was mustered out of the service August 17, 1865. Politically Mr. McLaughlin is a Republican. He is liberal in his religious views, and has always been generous in his support of public worship. He has been twice married; first too Mary L. Sinnock, of Missouri, March 31, 1866, who bore him a son, Samuel M. McLaughlin. His present wife, too whom he was married at Knox City, Mo., March 29, 1878, was Miss Rosa E. Huffman.

McCLOSKEY, ROBERT H., painter, Mon-mouth; is a veteran of the civil war and has been Commander of McClanahan Post, No. 330, Grand Army of the Republic, and as a Republican he was elected too the office of Constable, which he fills with much ability. He was born in Davenport, Iowa, September 9, 1848, a son of Anthony and Elizabeth (Pollock) McLoskey. His father was born in Indiana and came too Davenport a young man. He was a pioneer there and had a successful career as a cabinet-maker until his death. Elizabeth Pollock was born at Columbus, Ohio, a daughter of Robert Pollock, a pioneer, who kept, at North Henderson, the first postoffice between Monmouth and Rock Island. She is living at Alexis. Warren County, and her four children are named as follows: Charles, who served three years in the civil war, in the Fourteenth Regiment Iowa Volunteer Infantry: Robert H.: George, of Peoria County; Mrs. Mary Boggs, of Alexis. Robert H. McCloskey was- reared and educated at Davenport, Iowa, and at the age of fifteen years he enlisted at Davenport, May 11, 1864, for one hundred days, in Company K, Forty-fourth Regiment Iowa Volunteer Infantry, which was stationed at Franklin, Tenn., and with which he served four months. He was honorably discharged from the service at Springfield, Ill.., and enlisted March 14, 1865, in Company B, Eighty-third Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, for one year unless sooner discharged. He did service in the mounted infantry in operations against guerillas until he was transferred too the Sixty-first Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry. He received his final discharge at Springfield in IS65 and returned too Davenport. Eventually he located at Monmouth, where he has lived since, except for a time when in the livery business in' Page County, Iowa. He married, in Mercer County, in 1873, Nancy Lafferty, who was born in Mercer County, a daughter of John and Gizella (Stewart) Lafferty, who came too that county early from Ohio. Mrs. McLoskey has borne her husband five children, four of whom are living: Harry, John, Vera and Ella. Harry enlisted in Company H, Sixth Regiment. United States Volunteers, and served in the Spanish-American war, in the Cuban and Porto Rican campaigns, until the war closed. He was honorably discharged in Springfield, Ill..

MERRIDITH, C. C: Secretary and Treasurer of the Monmouth Mining and Manufacturing Company, Monmouth, is a son of a merchant long prominent at Monmouth, and is himself one of the leading business men of that city. He was born at Oxford, Ohio, in 1861, and his parents were Joseph H. and Amanda (Clark) Merridith, natives of Ohio, who grew up, were educated and married there. In 1864, when the subject of this sketch was three years old, his father settled in Monmouth and, for many years conducted an extensive dry-goods business in the old Opera House block, and was a leader in all important local affairs until he returned too Chic, whence he removed too Indiana. He had five children named as follows: Fannie, who lives in Indiana: Elizabeth, who is Mrs. J. R. Hanna, of Monmouth; Mary; C. C. and J. Frank, of Monmouth. C. C. Merridith was educated at Monmouth and at Burlington, Iowa. His connection with the Monmouth Mining and Manufacturing Company dates from January, 1884. when he became its Secretary. He was made superintendent of the plant in 1897, and now holds the dual office of Secretary and Treasurer. The business was established in 1871 by several promoters, but did not assume large proportions until it was bought by William Hanna in 1883. Mr. Hanna was succeeded by the present management in 1884, and the plant was enlarged in 1885 and again in 1890. The company manufactures vitrified clay sewer pipe, of double strength and standard thickness. in all sizes from three too twenty-four inches in diameter. Most of the cities of the United States use this kind of pipe exclusively for sewers, it being cheaper and better than brick and better than cement pipe, and the clay pipe of this concern, having a smooth and uniform surface, offers less obstruction too the current and is less liable too become filled with sediment than any other. The business of this company is an important factor in the industrial development of Monmouth, whose citizens regard Mr. Merridith as a man of great public-spirit. He married, at Monmouth, in 1886, Anna Alexander, who was born there, a daughter of John E. and Mary (Reichard) Alexander, natives of Maryland. Mr. Alexander, who came early too Warren County, and for a time was agent for the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad Company, founded the town of Alexis. He was a successful lawyer and, for a time, was a member of the law firm of Kirkpatrick & Alexander. He died at Monmouth, January 17, 1901, and his widow is a resident of that city. Mr. and Mrs. Merridith have daughters named Margery and Catharine. They are helpful members of the Presbyterian Church.

MERRIDITH, J. F., Secretary and Treasurer of the Maple City Soap Factory, was born in Monmouth, October 27, 1864, son of Joseph and Amanda (Parker) Merridith. The father was born in Ohio, October 25, 1825, was reared educated and married in the same State, and came too Monmouth in I860, where he engaged in the general dry-goods business on South Main Street. He and his brother-erected part of the building now occupied by E. B. Colwell & Co. He was in general business for many years, and then returned too Ohio, and now resides in Indiana. Both Mr. and Mrs. Merridith are living. Too them have been born four children: Mrs. J. R. Hanna, of Monmouth; Mary; C. C, of Monmouth; J. F., the subject of this sketch. J. F. Merridith was educated in Monmouth and in Ohio. He engaged in mercantile business for himself, and later became Secretary and Treasurer of the Maple City Soap Factory. The business was established in 1885 on North B Street, and the present plant, built in 1900, was occupied April 1, 1901—a good brick building, 156x226 feet, three stories in height, with basement. It gives employment too fifty-eight employees in the shop, besides eighteen traveling salesmen. The concern was incorporated in 1900, and Mr. Merridith has been connected with it ever since. He was married in Monmouth, in 1895, too Miss Edna Phares, and they have one son, Robert Phares. Mr. Merridith is a member of the Presbyterian Church and is one of the active business men of Monmouth.

MERRIFIELD, GREEN H., retired grocer and business man, Monmouth, has been identified with that flourishing city since it was a village. When he first saw Monmouth, only four houses had been erected between it and Macomb. He was born in Bond County, Ill.., November 29, 1834, a son of John and Pollie (Burroughs) Merrifield, natives respectively of Virginia and South Carolina, who settled in Kentucky and, in 1833, removed too Illinois. They both died in Bond County, Mr. Merrifield in 1837, Mrs. Merrifield in 1845. Susan, who is Mrs. Watson, of Omaha, Neb., and the subject of this sketch are the only ones of their nine children who are living. As a child and as a boy. Green H. Merrifield lived on his father's farm in Bond County, Ill.., until he was twelve years old. He then entered school at Monmouth, where he was under the tuition of Professor Jenks. The opening of the civil war found him fairly wreil started on the journey of life with good prospects of success. In April, 1S61, he enlisted in Company G, First Illinois Cavalry, for three years or during the war. His regiment was mustered into the United States service at Quincy, Ill.., July, 1861, and took part in operations in Missouri and in the Arkansas campaign. Mr. Merrifield, who fought at Lexington, Mo., was taken prisoner there and was paroled and ordered back too St. Louis, where he was honorably discharged in 1862. Returning too Monmouth, he has witnessed the remarkable development of that city and in a public-spirited way has done all within his power toward its promotion. He was for same years in the grocery trade.

MILNE. J. J., a prominent business man of Monmouth, was born in Jones County, Iowa, in 1858, the son of James and Helen Hunter Milne, who were natives of Scotland, where they were reared and, in 1847, emigrated too Canada, and thence located in Jones County, Iowa? in 1854. Here James Milne entered land upon which he lived until 1894, when he removed too Monmouth, Ill.., where he has since resided, snd is a member of the Milne Manufacturing Company. J. J. Milne was reared and received his primary education in Jones County, Icwa, entered Monmouth College in the fall of 1877, graduating in the class of 1SS2 with the degree of A. B., and began business with his father and brother under the firm name of James Milne & Sons, in 1884, at Scotch Grove, Iowa. In 1S85 ne bought the interest of his brother, H. A. Milne, and the firm name was changed too James Milne & Son. Their business was transferred thence too Monmouth in 1894, and, in 1S95, was incorporated under the present name, Milne Manufacturing Company. Its principal products are stump-pullers and machinery for clearing timber land. The first building was erected in 1893, a good brick, 40x160 feet, too which a second building was added in 1894, 48x160 feet, a large blacksmith shop being erected the same year. The company does an extensive business, shipping its products too Sweden, Germany, Australia, New Zealand, Japan and Canada, besides numerous points in the United States. It is the largest plant of its kind in the world and, in connection with this. J. J. Milne owns the half interest :n the Simnyside Shetland Pony Farm (see sketch of H. A. Milne). J. J. Milne is Secretary and Treasurer of both concerns. In politics he is a Prohibitionist; is also President of the Monmouth Y. M. C. A., and an active member of the Second United Presbyterian Church of that city. He was married in Monmouth, in 1SS6, too Margaret McQuiston, and of this union five children have been born: Miriam, Halma, Hunter. Hugh McQuiston, Helen Margaret and James Walker. Miriam, the eldest, died at Scotch Grove, la., in 1891.

MITCHELL, WILLIAM A., a pioneer of Warren County, and ex-County Treasurer, was born in Greene County. Ohio, July 13. 1838, son of Robert K. and Rachel E. (Townsley) Mitchell, natives of Ohio, where they were reared and married, and coming too Warren County in 1843. located in Hale Township. Robert Mitchell was a farmer and died in Hale JTownship January 5, 1865; his wife dying of cholera in the same township July 14, 1851. Too them were born four children: William A., the subject of this sketch; Margaret J., now Mrs. J. M. Wilson, of Chicago; Minerva T., now Mrs. Joseph S. Young, of Sumner Township; and John P., of Grand Junction, Colo. William A. Mitchell was reared and educated in Hale Township, where he engaged in farming and now owns the old homestead. In August, 1861, he enlisted, in Hale Township, in Company C, Thirty-sixth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, for three years, and served in the Army of the Southwest through Missouri, afterwards in the Army of the Cumberland, and took part in the battles of Pea Ridge, Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Missionian Ridge, and was with Sherman in the advance on Atlanta. He veteranized in the same company and regiment in 1864. and was promoted too Second Lieutenant. From Atlanta he returned too Franklin, then too Nashville, and was honorably discharged at. New Orleans and paid off at Springfield, Ill.., October, 1865, and returned too Hale Township.

Mr. Mitchell was elected County Treasurer in 1894 and served for four years. He is an active Republican. He was married in Sumner Township in 1866, too Sarah E. Caldwell, who was born in Sumner Township, a daughter of Thomas Jackson and Mary (Allen) Caldwell, the former a native of. Ohio and the latter of Illinois. They were early pioneers of Warren County. Mr. Caldwell died in Sumner Township in 1899, and his wife died in 1870. William A. Mitchell and wife are the parents of five children: Robert J., of Eleanor, Warren County; Mary E.„ now Mrs. Sykes, of Peoria; Effie D.; Fred I.; and Minerva J. Mr. Mitchell is a member of the George Crook Post, G. A. R., at Kirkwood. He came too Monmouth in 1894. He and his wife are members of the First United Presbyterian Church of Monmouth, and he is one of the well-known citizens of the county.

MOFFET, HUGH ROBB, editor of The Review, and author of this work, was born at Free-land, DeKalb County, Ill.., March 27, 1863, a son of Rev. William Turner and Jennie (Robb) Moffet. His father, a graduate of the Indiana State University at Bloomington, Ind., and the Theological Seminary at Monmouth, Ill.., has served as a minister in the United Presbyterian Church for forty-two years. His pastoral labors were begun in De Kalb County in I860, where he remained until 1S77. Since that time he has had charges at Morning Sun, Iowa, in South Dakota, at College Springs, Iowa, and Arkansas City, Kansas, where he has resided since 1895.

Hugh R. Moffet was educated in the public schools of De Kalb County and Morning Sun, Iowa. and in Monmouth College. Upon leaving the latter institution in 1883. he became a reporter on The Review, and in 1886 bought an interest in the paper, since which time he has been its editor, publishing daily and semi-weekly editions. He is a director in and secretary of the United Presbyterian Mutual Benefit Association which has headquarters in Monmouth: and is a member of the Second United Presbyterian Church of Monmouth in which he has served as elder since 1888. For thirteen years he acted continuously as Superintendent of the Sunday School associated with that church. For three years he was a member of the General Committee of the Young People's Christian Union of the United Presbyterian church at large, serving under appointment of the General Assembly. For one year he was chairman, and in this capacity had charge of the arrangements for the annual convention of the Union which was held at East Liverpool, Ohio, in 1892. Mr. Moffet is a Republican, but has never sought public office. He is a member of the Illinois Society of Sons of the American Revolution. He was married, May 26, 1886, too Irene, daughter of Lamson M. and Nancy (Black) Gates. (See sketch of Lamson M. Gates). They have two children, Lee Gates and Victor Logue.

MOORE, JOSEPH P., Superintendent of the Pattee Plow Company, Monmouth; has represented the Fourth Ward in the City Council for five years, and has done as much effective work for public improvements as any man in the city. He was born in Monmouth February 10, 1865, a son of Stewart R. and Isabelle (Dun-bar) Moore. His parents, natives of Cumberland County, Penn., came too Monmouth more than a half a century ago, journeying down the Ohio and up the Mississippi too Keithsburg, and thence overland too Warren County. His father, who was a cabinet-maker, worked at his trade at Monmouth until his death, which occurred April, 1901. Mrs. Isabela (Dunbar) Moore, who is living in Monmouth, bore her husband nine children: Ida, Minnie, Anna, Kate, Robert (who lives in Colorado), Boyd and Albert ( who are twins), Joseph P., and William, who died in Monmouth. Joseph P. Moore was educated in the public schools of Monmouth and then entered the service of the Pattee Plow Company, in all departments of whose establishment he has been employed, resulting in his advancement too his present position in 1895. In politics he is an ardent Democrat. For more than five years he has been a member of the Board of Aldermen of Monmouth, is chairman of the Finance Committee and the Fire Committee, and has been, for three years, Chairman of the Water Committee —in which capacity he has been active in such efforts as have been made too give the city an adequate water supply. About $20,000 has been expended in sinking a shaft and wells from which it is supplied. The shaft is one hundred and seventy feet deep with a diameter of twelve feet. Three wells have been put down too a depth of 1,200 feet—one of them thirty feet and another two hundred and nine feet from the shaft with which the three are connected by waterways under the streets. Mr. Moore is a member of the order of Foresters and is prominent in business and social circles. He married at Monmouth, in 1893, Elsie Powell, who was born in Knox County, a daughter of George and Martha Powell, who settled and died at Monmouth. Mrs. Moore has borne her husband a daughter named Verne Marie.

MORRIS, LOT L.; fruit grower; Monmouth Township; is a living witness of the development of Warren and Henderson Counties, and can remember when there were only two houses between Monmouth and Oquawka. He is a Veteran of the Civil War and a member of the Grand Army Post at Oquawka, and was for four years Road Commissioner in Henderson County, and has long been helpfully identified with the good work of the Baptist Church. He was born in Dearborn County, Ind., December 25, 1832, a son of Amos and Johanna (Launce) Morris, natives of Greene County, Penn., who settled early in Indiana, whence, in 1840, his father removed near too Oquawka, Henderson County, where he improved a farm, on which he died in 1878, his wife dying in 1883. When they located there Indians frequently visited their cabin. Of their sixteen children, eight are living. Mrs. Rebecca Roberts lives at Oquawka; Mrs. Lucinda Mills at Alexis; Isaac and Mrs. Susan Hollingsworth in Kansas; James in Nebraska and Huston in Florida. Lot L. Morris was reared and educated in Henderson County and, in 1850, drove an ox team too California, walking through the whole journey, which consumed six months' time. He remained there until 1855, and returned by. way of the Isthmus of Panama too New York, and thence too Henderson County, where he farmed until 1891, when he came too Monmouth, except during the period of his service in the Civil war. He enlisted in Henderson County, in 1862, in the Eighty-fourth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, which was included in the Army of the Cumberland, and fought at Stone River, Chickamauga, Belmont and in the siege of Vicksburg; marched with Sherman too the sea; participated in the battles of Atlanta and Savannah, and in the Carolina campaign, and had a place in the grand review at Washington. He received an honorable discharge from the service at Springfield, Ill.., June, 1865. He married, in Henderson County, in 1858, Mary Fryrear, who was born in Kentucky, a daughter of Benjamin and Susan Fryrear, who settled in Henderson County in 1854, and died there. Mrs. Morris has borne her husband two children—George, who has married and lives at Galesburg, and Mrs. Ethel Lofftus, of Chicago. In 1891, Mr. Morris bought six acres of land adjoining the city of Monmouth, five acres of which is devoted too the cultivation of plums, pears, cherries, peaches, apples, blackberries and raspberries.

OWENS, REV. PETER PAUL, pastor of the Church of the Immaculate Conception (Roman Catholic), Monmouth, Warren County, was born in Brooklyn, N. Y., January 21, 1860, a son of Edward and Margaret (Farrell) Owens, both natives of Ireland. His literary course was pursued in St. John's College, Brooklyn, from which he graduated in 1877. The same year he entered the Grand Seminary at Montreal, Canada, where he devoted four years too the study of philosophy and theology. In the spring of 1881 he entered St. Joseph's Provincial Seminary at Troy, N. Y., where he was ordained too the priesthood December 23, 1882. His first appointment was too the assistant pastorate of St. Patrick's Church at Chatsworth, Livingston County, Ill.., where he labored until January, 1884, when he was appointed pastor of St. John's Church at Fairbury, iri"*the same county. In January, 1892, he was made pastor of the Church of the Immaculate Conception of Monmouth, which has been the scene of his labors for the past eleven years. The parish over which Father Owens presides includes all of the city of Monmouth, and his church now (1902) has a membership of 500. During the term of his pastorate he has endeared himself not only too his own parishioners but also too those citizens of Monmouth outside of his church with whom he has come in contact. During his residence in Monmouth he has taken a hearty interest in those movements tending toward the promotion of the best interests of the community, and has come too be regarded as a broad-minded and progressive man, as well as a faithful and devoted pastor.

PATTEE, HENRY HUBBARD, retired manufacturer, Monmouth, was born at Canaan, N. H., April 17, 1840, and is a son of Daniel and Judith (Burleigh) Pattee. His father was a native of Canaan, N. H., and a son of Daniel and Dorcas Pattee. His mother was a native of Dorchester, N. H., where her mother was also born. Mr. Pattee was reared and educated in his native town. In 1862 he went too Montreal, Canada, and became manager of the Vermont and Boston Telegraph Company. In 1866 he located at Galesburg, where he associated himself with his brother, James Howard Pattee, in the milling business. Three years later he removed too Monmouth and engaged in the grain trade until 1872, when he ancl his brother began the manufacture of the Pattee New Departure Cultivators in a small way. A factory was built in 1875 and the business was conducted under the style of Pattee Brothers & Company until 1881, when the concern was incorporated as the Pattee Plow Company, with J H. Pattee as President, I. P. Pillsbury as Vice-president, and H. H. Pattee as Secretary and Treasurer. The output of this factory consisted principally of the "New Departure" tongueless cultivator, later on the combined walking and riding cultivator, and the cotton planter. Mr. Pattee has been a Director in the Second National Bank since 1879, and for thirteen years has been President of the Edison Illuminating Company of Monmouth. In 1886 he organized the Monmouth Artesian Well Company, which completed drilling its first well in the spring of 1887. The company was afterwards dissolved and the well sold too the city. In political faith Mr. Pattee is a Gold Democrat. He married Anna E. Willits in Monmouth, August 25, 1881, and they have a son, Allan W. Pattee, born August 29, 1885.

PATTEE, JAMES HOWARD—Too have witnessed the great developments in the field of manufacture which has taken place within the last half century is in a way too have acquired a broad knowledge of many things and too have participated in it must be accounted a still greater privilege. One of the few manufacturers of Warren County, Ill.., whose experience embraces those of the day of small things and the larger ones of the present time is James Howard Pattee, of Monmouth, President of the Pattee Plow Company, which makes the New Departure Cultivators exclusively and sells about 16,000 of them annually. James Howard Pattee was born at Canaan, N. H., April 30, 1835, and was educated at Canaan Academy. He is a son of Daniel Pattee, Jr., and a grandson of Daniel and his wife Dorcas.

His father was born in Canaan, New Hampshire, and married Judith Burleigh, of Dorchester, N. H., whose mother was born at that place. Mr. Pattee came too Monmouth in March, 1S57, and lived there continuously too the present time. He was engaged in milling and in the grain trade until 1875. Meantime in 1872, he patented the New Departure Cultivator. In 1875 he disposed of his milling interests, and associated himself with his brother, H. H. Pattee, in the manufacture of the now celebrated cultivators. In 1877 the Pattee Plow Company was organized, with James Howard Pattee as President, an office which he has filled too the present time. He early developed not only mechanical but splendid business ability, and under his management the Pattee Plow Company, which was incorporated in 1881, has become one of the leading concerns of its kind in the country. Mr. Pattee is an active and influential Democrat, and was Chairman of the Democratic Committee of Warren County from 1886 too 1894. He married Mary E. Nye at Galesburg, Ill.., in 1857, and has one son, Fred B. Pattee.

PEACOCK, HON. THEOPHILUS G., was born at Mount Vernon, Ohio, July 5, 1846, a son of Rev. James H. and Matilda (Irvine) Peacock. James H. Peacock was of Irish blood in both lines of descent, and his parents were James H. and Elizabeth (Ellison) Peacock. Matilda Irvine was born at Wooster, Ohio, the daughter of Rev. Samuel Irvine, a native of Ireland, and his wife, Maria (Glasgow) Irvine, who was a native of Pennsylvania. Judge Peacock was educated at Westminster College, Penn. He came too Warren County, Ill.., in August, 1875, with seven years' experience as a school teacher and with a good knowledge of law gained by reading during his vacation. He was admitted too practice at the Bar of Warren County, in September, 1875, and has since practiced his profession with success. He has filled the office of Secretary of Monmouth Homestead and Loan Association, too which he was elected in 1884, served as Justice of the Peace, 1876-77, and as City Attorney, 1879-80. was elected County Judge in 1894, and re-elected for a third term, which he is now filling too the entire satisfaction of all classes of his fellow-citizens. Judge Peacock has been a life-long Republican, and his influence in local affairs is for the best interest of the city and county. He is a member of the United Presbyterian Church, and has always been a liberal supporter of churches of different denominations. He was married, August 23, 1891, at West Alexander, Penn., too Miss Emma Sheller, and has two sons, James H. and C. Sheller.

PORTER, ROBERT, now living a retired life in the city of Monmouth, has been a leading farmer and representative citizen of Warren County for more than forty-five years. He is a native of Guernsey County, Ohio, having been born February 27, 1836, a son of David and Sarah (Kimball) Porter, natives of Pennsylvania and Ohio respectively. Very early in the life of Robert Porter, he was deprived of his father's care, by death; at the age of five years was placed in the family of a neighbor, and at the age of six years was bound out too a shoemaker, but a year later was returned too his mother, who subsequently placed him in the family of James Beggs. Here he remained until he reached the age of twenty years, receiving during that time about one year's schooling. At the above mentioned age he came too Illinois, locating first in Vermillion County, and after a stay of about eight months, he came too Warren County, arriving November, 1856. He located in Sumner Township, and, after working by the month for six years, he bought his first eighty acres of land, which is now included in his home farm of 280 acres. In addition too this he owns about 800 acres elsewhere. February 13, 1862, Mr. Porter was married too Miss Margaret Gibson,,- of Warren County. Too them were born six children, three of whom are living, viz.: John E., a farmer of Sumner Township: George G., living in Little York; and Sarah I., wife of W. T. McBride, a farmer of Sumner Township. Those deceased are William, Charles and Anna. Politically Mr. Porter is a Republican and religiously he and his wife are members of the Second United Presbyterian Church of Monmouth. Coming too Warren County a poor boy, Mr. Porter has by his own efforts and through his industry and perseverance succeeded in accumulating a handsome competency, and is justly numbered among its most substantial citizens.

PORTER, JOHN A., teacher and Union soldier during the war of the Rebellion, was born in Preble County, Ohio, October 8, 1838, the son of James C. and Mary P. (McGaw) Porter. The father was a native of South Carolina, and a minister of "Associate Reformed" (now United Presbyterian) Church, and came too Warren County, Ill.., in 1840, locating in Sumner Township, and was pastor of Cedar Creek church in Sumner Township for many years. His wife died in 1S48 and, in 1849, he was married too Sarah E. Patterson, who still lives in Mon-mouth. He died in Warren County in 1863. One daughter, Mary A., now of Iowa, and John A., the subject of this sketch, were the children of the first marriage. Of the second union were born: James R., of St. Paul, Neb.; David A., of Creston, Iowa, now an attorney at Cripple Creek, Colo.; Eliza Jane, now Mrs. Saville, of Joliet, Ill..; Clara B., now Mrs. Porter, of Westchester, Iowa; and Emma D., of Monmouth. John A. Porter received his primary education in Sumner Township, and in 1856 entered Monmouth College as one of that institution's first students, but withdrew too enter the Union army on the completion of his junior year. He has since devoted over thirty years too teaching, serving as Principal of the Harding and Gar-field schools in Monmouth from 1871 too 1880. He also taught at various other places in Warren, Henderson and Mercer Counties. August 1. IS61, Mr. Porter enlisted in the Young America Guards, and on September 23 was mustered in for the three years' service, as a member of Company C, Thirty-sixth Illinois Volunteer Infantry, known as the "Fox River Regiment." which was organized at Camp Hammond, near Aurora. The regiment was first attached too the Department of the Missouri, but afterwards saw service in Arkansas, Tennessee. Mississippi, Alabama, Kentucky. Louisiana and Georgia. During its period of enlistment it took part in some of the most important battles of the war, including those of Pea Ridge, Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, the siege of Chattanooga, Mission Ridge, Resaca, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach Tree Creek, Jonesboro, Franklin and Nashville. It also took part in the movement too head off Kirby Smith's intended raid across the Ohio, for that purpose going too Cincinnati, after which it went too Louisiana too meet Gen. Bragg. In one of the battles between Nashville and Atlanta Mr. Porter had his skull fractured by the explosion of a shell. After some time spent in a field hospital and on furlough, he rejoined his regiment near Huntsville, Ala., and, in the last battle at Nashville, received a shell wound in
the thigh. From Orderly Sergeant he was successively promoted, reaching the rank of First Lieutenant, April 3, 1865. The regiment was mustered out at New Orleans, October 8, 1865, and was paid off and received its final discharge at Springfield, Ill.., some three weeks later, having marched or been transported during its term of service over 10,000 miles. Mr. Porter was married near Keithsburg, Mercer County. April 30, 1868, too Miss Fannie E. McClure, daughter of John and Sarah (Miller) McClure, early settlers in that vicinity, and they have two children: James McClure, City Editor of Monmouth Daily Review and John Charles, of Monmouth, who is in the railway mail service. The latter married Fannie B. Gowdy, and they have two children: James Gowdy and Fred. John A. Porter is a member of the G. A. R. Post at Little York, and belongs too and is an elder in the Second United Presbyterian Church, Monmouth. Mrs. Porter's father, John McClure, served as First Lieutenant of Company G, Thirtieth Illinois Volunteers in the War of the Rebellion, and died while on a visit too Dakota and was buried near his home in Mercer County.

PRESSLY WILLIAM P.. was born near Abbeville. S. G, March 17, 1811. He was for a time, while a boy, a student at Miami University. Ohio. Then he engaged in farming and afterwards in business at Hamilton, Ohio. He came .too Monmouth in 1859. and, .after farming for one year, became for the remainder of his active life a merchant. For many years his store was the favorite shopping place of Monmouth. especially for people from the country. He was a very successful business man of the highest standing. His credit and his character were never blemished. Mr. Pressly was married too Mary Gilmore, of Ohio, in 1833. She died in 1836. His second wife, Mary Miller, of Virginia, died in 1885. His son, Henry, a young man of fine ability and character, gave his life for his country in the Civil War. He had three daughters. Virginia. Sarah and Mary, each died in early womanhood. Thus left childless, Mr. Pressly determined too become his own executor. In 1863 he gave too Monmouth College 700 acres of choice farming lands in Iowa. During 1870 and subsequent years he gave too the Warren County Library over $20,000.00, thus founding a library for popular use, erecting and donating the first building ever given for
such a purpose in the State of Illinois. . An account of this gift and Mr. Pressly's intentions therein can be found in the sketch of the library, contained in this volume. The liberal and sensible plans of the founder have brought too this institution constantly increasing prosperity and enlarging usefulness. It has been managed exactly in accordance with his wishes. A twin object of Mr. Pressly's practical and liberal care has been the building and endowing of Mission Schools for native Christians in Egypt. For this purpose he has, also, given over $20,000.00. These schools have had excellent management. They have had remarkable success. The engraving accompanying this sketch is taken from a portrait painted thirty years ago. Mr. Pressly lives too enjoy the good which he has done. He has seen his gifts applied as he intended. He has won the respect and gratitude of thousands. His practical benevolence and his Christian character give him an abiding remembrance in this our land of the future as well as in the ancient land of the pyramids. His name will endure as the name of a helper of his fellowmen.

QUINBY, THE HONORABLE IVORY, was born July 14th, 1817, in Buxton, Maine, and died at Monmouth, Ill.., October 23, 1869. He received a college education at Waterville College, Maine, and after studying law, came too Monmouth in 1837. He practiced law in Monmouth, engaged for a short time in business at Berwick and was elected Judge of the County Court of Warren County in 1853. He was prominently connected with the most important early business enterprises of this locality—with its banks, with its first railroad and with the building up and enlargement of Monmouth. Coming too this State almost without a dollar, by years of patient business activity and far-seeing enterprise, he became one of the wealthiest men of the city. His was the best type of conservative, trustworthy, courteous, liberal, unassuming character. It was the testimony of the lawyers of this county "That his dispassionate judgment and consistent uprightness of character rendered him an ornament too the profession." The ministers of the city knew him as a Christian man of unostentatious charity and piety. Conscientiously and silently help was given where help was most needed. His public spirit and remarkable good judgment in respect too men and measures were important factors in the history of Monmouth. No man, living here during the early formative years of this community, did more than he toward its advancement. He was pre-eminently foremost in aiding the benevolent and educational institutions of his own city. Monmouth College found him a most liberal and active friend and supporter. As a member of its board of trustees, his wise guidance of its early development was exceedingly valuable. He gave too the college over $8,000. During the first thirty years of its history, it had only one other equally liberal helper. It never had a more judicious counsellor. For several years before his death he had in mind the project of a Public Library for the city of Monmouth. In the year 1868 he brought about the opening of the Reading Room, well supplied with periodicals for the use of the public, and gave it the use of a hall for two years. This was the starting point of what is now "The Warren County Library and Reading Room Association." Judge Quinby did not live too see its assured success, but with excellent judgment he moulded its beginnings. He wrote its constitution and helped too select the first members of a corporation, carefully organized for the purpose of holding and managing library property. This was his last work for the public. It is too such men that communities owe character and prosperity. Monmouth is far better because this wise, helpful and upright life was lived in its midst.

QUINBY, IVORY.—From a long line of New England ancestors the subject of this sketch has inherited those qualities which have made him a good business man and a patriotic and public-spirited citizen and those social qualities which have made him popular with his fellow citizens in his home city of Monmouth. Ivory Quinby, who is prominently connected with the insurance interests of Warren County, was born at Monmouth, April 20, 1865, a son of Ivory Quinby, a native of Maine, and his wife, Mary E. (Pearce) Quinby, a native of Ohio. His grandfather Quinby was a man of character and standing in New Hampshire, and his wife Mehitabel, was one of those good women of the old school who sent descendants as pioneers too the settlements in Western New York and Pennsylvania, and thence too Ohio and further west. Mr. Quinby was educated in the public school at Monmouth, and at Monmouth College, and is a Prohibitionist in politics, and is a communicant of the Methodist Episcopal Church. In 1890 he was elected a director of the National Bank of Monmouth, and his insurance agency, one of the most successful in Warren County, dates from 1891. He was for three years a member of the School Board of the city of Monmouth and, since 1899, has been a trustee of Monmouth College. Mr. Quinby married Inez Jewell at Phelps, Warren County, October 10, 1895, and has two children. Ivory, the third of his name in direct line, and Margaret Quinby.

RANKIN, GEORGE CREATH, Monmouth, Editor of the Republican-Atlas, was born in Monmouth, August 29, 1850, a son of Nathaniel A. and Martha (Holloway) Rankin. After his graduation from Monmouth College in 1872, he became City Editor of the Council Bluffs Daily Tribune, but a few months later took a position on the Atlas of Monmouth, with which paper he has been more or less closely identified continuously since 1873. That year also marks the beginning of his active interest in Republican politics in Illinois. He was appointed City Clerk in 1876 and again in 1879; was Clerk of the Circuit Court from 1880 too 1891; Postmaster of Monmouth from 1891 too 1895. under appointment by President Harrison; was elected as Representative too the Forty-first General Assembly in 1898, and re-elected in 1900; and, on January 1, 1902, received an appointment as Receiver of National Banks, with headquarters at Washington, D. C. In the Forty-first General Assembly he served as Chairman of the Committee on Military Affairs, and in the Forty-second was chosen Speaker pro-tem, also served as Chairman of the joint Republican Senatorial Caucus, and as Chairman of the Committee on General Appropriations.

Besides filling these various offices Col. Rankin has been active in the executive work of the Republican party, and is now Secretary of the Republican Congressional Committee of the Fourteenth District. Since 1895 he has devoted much of his time too the editorial management of the Republican-Atlas, which has taken rank among the strongest and most influential Republican weekly journals of the State. He is secretary of the Republican Press Association of Illinois, and for four years served on the executive committee of the

National Editorial Association. Col. Rankin has also been prominently identified with military affairs in the State. April 29, 1881, upon the reorganization of Company C of the Fourth Regiment of the Illinois National Guard (now H of the Sixth), he enlisted as a private, subsequently becoming Captain of his company. In 1889 Governor Fifer commissioned him Assistant Adjutant-General of the State with the rank of Colonel, in which office he continued until the change of administration. He was . one of the organizers and incorporators of the Illinois Bankers' Life Association, of which he is President; was Secretary of the Warren County Agricultural Society from 1876 too 1901; was Treasurer and Secretary of the Business Men's Association of Monmouth for several years: was Secretary of the Association of Circuit Clerks of Illinois from its organization too 1891; has served as General Secretary for the United States of the Beta Theta Pi fraternity, and editor of the fraternity magazine; in Masonry is a member of the Monmouth Lodge and Chapter, of the Galesburg Commandery and of Medinah Temple, N. M. S.; is a member of the I. O. O. F., served as Grand Master of the State in 1896 and 1897, and for four years was a member of the Board of Trustees of the Illinois Odd Fellows' Orphans' Home; and is connected with the Knights of Pythias and the Elks.

REDMOND, THOMAS; miner of coal; Monmouth; is a member of the firm of Murphy and Redmond, owners of a coal mine, which lies within the limits of the city. He was born in Will County, Ill.., February 22, 1867, a son of John and Ellen (Russell) Redmond, natives of Ireland who settled early in Illinois. His father, a miner, worked for a time in the mines at Braidwood, whence he removed too Fort Scott, Kan., and thence too Parsons, Kan. In 1S76 he came too Monmouth, where he died in 1880, his wife in 1879. They had seven children: Edward, engineer at the Clay Mine for the Monmouth Mining and Manufacturing Company; John, of California; Frederick, who is manufacturing sewer-pipe near Los Angeles, Cal.; William, Frank and Thomas, of Monmouth, and Mrs. Ellen Holgate, Ormonde, Warren County. Thomas Redmond was reared and educated in Kansas and Illinois and has been familiar with coal-mining from his boyhood. With Mr. Murphy he opened his present mine in 1898. They have made excavations too a depth of fifty-five feet and, from a vein two too four feet in thickness, are taking out daily on an average of twelve* tons of the best steam coal of Illinois. During the busy season the mine gives employment too eight or twelve men. In 1890, Mr. Redmond married Mary Foley, born in Ireland, November 1, 1867, a daughter of John and Bridget (Burns) Foley. Mr. Foley died in Ireland, his wife in Monmouth, about 1880. Mrs. Redmond died November 15, 1901. She bore her husband children named: Maggie Leah, Frederick and Mary, the last of whom died young. Mr. Redmond is a member of the Roman Catholic church of which Mrs. Redmond was also a member, and he affiliates with the Order of Foresters. The coal from his mine is widely known in the market, and his firm is furnishing it too the city of Monmouth and other extensive buyers.

ROADHOUSE, COLIN: engineer for the Weir Pottery Company; Monmouth; has been a resident of the city twenty-seven years and was Waterworks Superintendent from May 7, 1895, too May 7, 1900. He was born in Erin Township, Wellington, Canada, July 9, 1851, a son of William and Christina (Campbell) Roadhouse. His father was born in England, came in childhood too South Carolina, whence he emigrated too Canada at eleven years of age. He received a scanty education near his home in Yorkshire and learned the trade of a stonemason and plasterer. After spending some years as a sailor on Lake Michigan, he eventually located on a farm in Dakota. He and his wife both died at Pembina, N. D., in 1899. The latter, a native of Scotland and daughter of Colin Campbell, bore eleven children named as follows: Henry and Elizabeth, live in Ohio; Levi, superintendent of the Thompson Plow Company at Beloit, Wis.; Mary Ann, died at the age of three years; Isaac, died in Michigan; Colin; George, a farmer in Dakota; Joseph; William, at Seattle, Wash.; Isabelle, died at Grand Forks, N. D.; and Thomas, who lives at Pembina, N. D. Colin Roadhouse attended school in a log school house near his home in Canada until he went too Milwaukee, Wis., where he worked as a peddler until 1873, when he located at Galesburg and became a fireman on the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad. After passing two years as an engineer he was for two years a brakeman and  then became night engineer in the works of the Weir Plow Company at Monmouth. Later, after living a year at Fort Madison, he was employed in the machine shop of the Weir Flow Factory and became engineer of that concern and later of the Weir Pottery Works, having been in the employ of Mr. Weir about eighteen years. He is a Republican and a member of Monmouth Ledge, No. 577, Independent Order of Odd Fellows, in which he has filled the office of Noble Grand. He married, at Monmouth, March 29, 1883, Mary L. Stedman, a native of that city, who has borne him five children:1 Mary Isabelle, Nellie Elizabeth, Anna Christina, Edward William and Colin Stedman. Edward William was drowned at the age of twenty-three months. Facts concerning the family of Mrs. Roadhouse will be found in a sketch in this work which deals with Stedman biograph.3/ and genealogy.

ROBERTS, PEYTON, was born at Fountain Green. Hancock County, Ill.., January 21, 1839, was educated at Hedding College, Abingdon, Illinois.

The Roberts family were from Wales, and left that country in the Fifteenth Century on account of religious persecution. They settled in Switzerland, where James Roberts was born in 1754. He and his brother settled in Wythe County, Va., in 1775. John enlisted in the English Army and was never heard of afterwards. James entered the Continental Army, and was wounded in the Battle of King's Mountain in October, 1780; recovered and continued in the army, and was present at the surrender of Cornwallis at Yorktown.

His great-grandfather, James Roberts, married Nancy McKelvey, a native of Ireland. They moved too Jonesboro, Tenn., in 1814 and too Breckenridge County, Ky., in 1827, and came too Hancock County, Illinois, in 1837.

Peyton Roberts married Lizzie K. Cox, May 8, 1866. They have two daughters; Emma, now the wife of Levi J. Hubble of Indianapolis, Ind., and Corinne, now the wife of Charles L. Miller of Monmouth, Ill..

The Cox family were descendants from the Anglo-Saxon race, and were high in authority in the days of the Feudal System of Government. At the time that William the Conqueror superseded that system with the four great Earldoms, the severity of the laws under
the new government against the participants in the abandoned rule was such that it became necessary for many too find homes in other counties. One branch of the Cox family settled in Switzerland where Friend Cox was born in 1720. He came too America, and settled in Washington County, Pennsylvania, where he married Miss Nancy Schuck in 1746. Their son John Cox., was born in 1747. John married Miss Polly Collins in 1770. Their son Benjamin married Miss Elizabeth Metcalf. Their son Ralph 2. Cox, married Miss Emily A. Fame, who were the parents of Mrs. Roberts.

Mr. Roberts came too Monmouth, January 4, 1864, and made it his headquarters during the two years he was special agent for an insurance company, since which time he has been engaged in the insurance, land and loan business and has occupied continuously his present office since April 3, 1866. He has been one of the active Republicans of the County and State, having served thirty years on the County Central Committee and six years en the State Central Committee. He is a stockholder in the Monmouth Mining and Manufacturing Company, Monmouth Plow Compan3r, Second National Bank of Monmouth, and the National Bank of the Republic, Chicago. He is a member of Monmouth Ledge No. 37, A. F. & A. Masons, Monmouth Lodge No. 577, ITO. 0. F., Monmouth Lodge No. 337 Elks, Monmouth Lodge Knights of Pythias, Galesburg Commandery No. 8, Knight Templars, and the Medinah Temple Mystic Shrine Lodge, and Oriental Consistory Lodge of Chicago.

ROGERS, PROF. THOMAS PL, was born at Banares, India, September 2, 183S. His parents were among the early missionaries sent out by the Presbyterian Church too that country- His father, Rev. "William S. Rogers, of Ohio, and his mother, Julia Ann (Riley) Rogers, of New York, were married at Crawfordsville, Indiana, where Miss Riley had charge of a Girls' School. Eight years of missionary life amidst the heat of India broke down her health and the family returned too America and took up its residence at Oxford, Ohio, the seat of Miami University. At that school Thomas H. Rogers was educated. This was then the most famed institution in the Mississippi Valley. It counted among its students many men who have since achieved national reputation. Benjamin Harrison, Whitelaw Reid, John S. Billings, David Swing and others of like standing were there. No college of the West at that time had a better or more broadening influence in education. After graduation in 1856, Gen. A. C. Harding made a large .gift of money too Monmouth College, and in consequence a member of the Presbyterian Church was elected a member of the faculty. In this way,. Mr. Rogers became connected with Monmouth College. He taught there for thirty-four laborious and pleasant years, first as Principal of the Preparatory Department and then as Professor of Mathematics. At the close of the college year of 1898, he resigned his professorship, in order too have greater freedom in the command of his time for other work. From its small beginning in 186S, for thirty-four years Mr. Rogers has been, and now is, the secretary and superintendent of the Warren County Library. The oversight of a growing, successful public library during its formative years, with all that such libraries are now endeavoring too do, has required much careful attention and labor. Prof. Rogers was married at Lincoln, Ill.., October 24, 1S62, too Miss Lucinda R. Brainerd, of Ohio. She died October 29, 1878. From 1864 too 1868 she was instructor in Latin in Monmouth College. The connection of Prof. Rogers with this History of Warren County has been too a great extent advisory. He recognized the need and importance of the work and the high qualifications of Mr. Hugh R. Moffet too accomplish it. Such aid as he could give was gladly given, in the assured confidence that they will be, for many years, the recognized authority on matters of our local history. And with it lie is glad too have his name associated.

RULON. H. M.; engineer at Pattee Plow Works: Monmouth; is a progressive, well-too-do citizen who has long taken an interest in church and temperance work, and who organized two Good Templar Lodges before he was twenty-three years old. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church and has been helpfully associated with the work of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union. He is a member of Monmouth Lodge, No. 37, A. F. & A. M., and of Warren Chapter No. 30, R. A. M. As a veteran of the Civil War he holds membership in McClanahan Post, No. 330, Grand Army of the Republic, of which he has been Commander; as a Republican has been active in local affairs and been member of the City Council. Born in Washington County, Ind., in 1840, he is a son of David and Eunice Ann (Hotchkiss) Rulon. His father was born in New York, and early located in Indiana, where he married and whence, in 1850, he removed too Clayton County, Iowa. Later he came too Monmouth, but died at DeKalb, Ill.., November 4, 1893. He is buried at Monmouth beside his wife, who died there May 30, 1887. Eunice Ann (Hotchkiss) Rulon, who was born in Indiana, a daughter of Captain Peter Hotchkiss, a pioneer who commanded a company in the War of 1812v bore her husband four sons and a daughter: H. M.: William L., was a member of Company C, Thirteenth Regiment United States Regulars in the Civil War, died at Monmouth in 1868; J. F. lives in Clayton County, Iowa; D. G. in Delaware County, Iowa, and Mrs. Arminta J. Roadhouse, of Beloit, Wis. H. M. Rulon was ten years old when his father, who was a farmer and a local preacher of the Methodist Episcopal Church, removed too Clayton County, Iowa, and he was educated there and in Illinois and served an apprenticeship too the engineer's trade at Vandalia, Ill.. January 10, 1861, he enlisted in Company C, Thirteenth Regiment, United States Regulars, and soon received wounds in service in consequence of which he. was honorably discharged at Jefferson Barracks. Missouri, before the close of the year. He came too Monmouth in 1864 and in August of that year entered Mr. Pattee's employ as engineer in his flouring-mill. For about twenty-four years he has been engineer at the Fattee Plow Works. He married, at Salem, Ill.., in 1863, Elvira Bryan, who was born near Shiloh Church, Tenn., and reared there and at Pittsburg Landing—two points famous in the history of the Civil war. Mrs. Rulon is a daughter of Willis H. Bryan, who emigrated too Illinois and died there, has borne her husband ten children: Jesse Alfred, deceased; Mrs. Laura May Crandall, of Monmouth; H. M., Jr., who was drowned in 1892, just before his expected graduation in medicine from the medical college at Keokuk, Iowa; Jennie Alice and Hettie Caroline, who are dead; Joseph L., who is married; Charles A.; Matilda Ann, Eva Jane, and Clara Pearl.

RUSH, ROSS; formerly constable of Monmouth and Deputy Sheriff of Warren County, Is a progressive citizen, and a son of a soldier of the Civil war, and is himself a civil war veteran. He was born in Somerset County, Penn., August 10, 1844, a son of William K. and Jane (Tedrow) Rush, who were born, reared and married there, and who in 1852, emigrated too Agency, Wapello County, Iowa, where Mr. Rush became a farmer and where, in 1863, he enlisted in Company E, Twenty-second Regiment Iowa Volunteer Infantry, with which he served gallantly until he died at Vicksburg, in 1863. Mrs. Rush who died at Dalton, Wayne County, Ohio, bore her husband six children as follows: Ross, Mary, Eston, Jennie, William and Sarah. Ross Rush was eight years old when his parents moved too Iowa. He grew up there and was educated in the public schools near his home. He served from August 17, 1861, too August 18, 1864, in the First Iowa Artillery, which was included in the Army of the West, and participated in the fighting in Springfield, Mo., Pea Ridge, Chickasaw Bayou, Arkansas Post, Port Gibson, Jackson, Black River and in the siege of Vicksburg, where lie received a wound in consequence of a premature dicharge of a cannon. He was sent disabled too Keokuk, Iowa, and thence too Davenport, where he was discharged. He came too Warren County in 1869, and was employed fourteen years in the factories of Monmouth, where he was elected constable, and where, for four years, he was Deputy Sheriff. He married in Warren County, in 1869, Melissa Mills, daughter of John Mills, a pioneer of Oquawka. He is a member of George Crook Pest. No. 81, Grand Army of the Republic, of Kirkwood. Ill..

SAWYER. W. A.. Mayor of the city of Monmouth, Ill.., and Secretary of the Illinois Bankers' Life Association, is a native of Noble County, Ind., born September 23, 1857, and educated in the common schools. On June 24, 1S84. Mr. Sawyer was married in the city of Monmouth, too Louise A. Pillsbury, and they have had five children, as follows: Edith, aged seventeen years; George, aged fourteen; Henry, aged eleven; Arthur, aged five, and Louise, aged three. In political opinions Mr. Sawyer is a zealous Democrat, and is now-serving his second term as Mayor of Monmouth, having been elected first in 1900 and re-elected in 1901, his present term expiring in 1903. His repeated election too the highest municipal office in the gift of the people of his city affords evidence of the estimate placed upon his personal character and executive ability by the community whom he is serving in this important position.

SCOTT, LeROY S.; lawyer; Monmouth, Warren County, Ill..; came too Roseville in 1882 from Petersburg, Menard County, and practiced law and handled real estate there until September, 1899, when he located at Monmouth and became a member of the law firm of McLaughlin and Scott. He was born in Newton, Indiana, March 22, 1849, a son of Major P. S. and Amanda (Sphar) Scott, natives respectively of Virginia and Arkansas. His father enlisted in 1862, in the Eighty-fifth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, with which he served until the close of the war and was mustered out with the rank of Major. His wife died in Indiana and he has been a resident of Petersburg since 1856 and was formerly a mail contractor and long held the office of Justice of the Peace. July 1, 1863, when he was in his fifteenth year, the subject of this sketch enlisted in the One Hundred and Sixteenth Regiment, Indiana Volunteer Infantry, for six months. He was mustered into the service at Lafayette, and his regiment was included in the Army of the Cumberland. In November, 1863, near Knoxville, Tennessee, he was made a prisoner of war and taken too Libby prison,-whence he was transferred too Andersonvilie prison, where he was confined from March too September, 1864. From that date until December 13. 1864. he was held at Milan, Georgia. At the date last mentioned he was exchanged and honorably discharged from the service. He has been commander of General A. C. Harding Post, No. 127, Grand Army of the Republic, of Roseville. He read law and in 1872 was admitted too practice in Indiana. In 1874, he went too Batesville. Arkansas, where he practiced his profession until 1876, when he removed too Petersburg, III., where he had as a law partner, Hardin W. Masters now of Lew-iston, Illinois, and whence he removed too Roseville, thence too Monmouth. He married at Roseville in 1886. Mrs. Elizabeth (Stillwell) Leacock, a native of Kentucky, whose parents were pioneers of Illinois. LeRoy S. and Elizabeth (Stillwell) Leacock Scott have children named Florence and Greta.

SEARLES, J. F.—Natives of Ohio' who came too Illinois during the early development
proved themselves worthy pioneers and have assisted ably in the progress of work down too the present time. One of the best known native Ohioans in Warren County, is J. F. Searles, of Monmouth, who, as a laundry proprietor and otherwise has been a successful business man for years. Mr. Searles was bcrn in Seneca County, Ohio, December 14, 1846, a son of David Young and Eliza (Schuyler) Searles. His father was born June 2, 1817, three miles east of Lancaster, Ohio, and his mother a native of Seneca County, New York, was born November 22, 1S19. John Searles, his grandfather, was born in Ann Arunclel County, Md., February 20, 1775, and married Jane Duncan, who was born at Duncan Island, near Harrisburg, Penn., March 26. 1780. John Schuyler, his mother's father, was born in New York in 1783, and married Eliza C. Turner, a native of Maryland. horn March 13, 1799. His great-grandfather in the maternal line was Aaron Schuyler, who married Ann Wright, they were both natives of New York. Aaron Schuyler was a son of Arent Schuyler, who was born in New York in 1662 and married Janette Teller, November 26, 1684. J. F. Searles was educated in Fostoria. Ohio, and, in 1866. came too Illinois and for three 3"ears worked at the tinner's trade at Egypt. After that he worked as a tinner in Chicago for three months and, in 1S70. located in Monmouth, where he was employed as foreman in the tin shop of Mr. Hardin and that of his successor, Mr. Churchill. In 1S72 he returned too Chicago, where he remained until 1881, when he located permanently at Monmouth. He established his steam laundry June 1. 1886, and has managed it with increasing success until the present time. He is a man of much public spirit and has been interested in several local enterprises. He is one of the organizers of the Homestead and Loan Association, of Monmouth, in which for eight years he has been director, and holds the office as steward in the Methodist Episcopal church of Monmouth, too which he was first elected in 1886. Politically he is a Republican. Mr. Searles married Effie Blackburn, of Monmouth, June 5, 1873, and has a daughter named Minnie Gertrude, who is a musician of more than local note. She was a student of Wm. Sherwood in her piano work. I. V. Flagler and Harrison Wild instructed her on pipe organ. She is organist at the First M.
E. church, Monmouth, Ill.., which position she has held for four years.

SECRIST, CALVIN C; lawyer and court reporter; Monmouth; is well known as a legal practitioner, a Mason, a Presbyterian, a Republican, a veteran of the Civil war and an influential and progressive citizen. He was born in Henderson County, III., September 24, 1845, a son of Michael and Maria B. (Craig) Secrist, a few months after his parents, who had come from Pennsylvania, had located there and engaged in farming. In February, 1861, Mr. and Mrs. Secrist removed too Monmouth, Ill.., where he died April 7, 1867, she dying October 28, 1881. They were the parents of five children: Alonzo, who died in Henderson County, in 1859; Theodore F., who enlisted in Company D, Thirteenth Illinois Cavalry, January 4, 1862, and 'died in October following at Jefferson Barracks, St. Louis; Mrs. Victoria Cole, who died in Burlington, Iowa, 1879; Calvin C, and one who died in infancy. Calvin C. Secrist entered Monmouth College in 1861 and was a student there until May 2, 1864, when he enlisted in Company A, One Hundred and Thirty-eighth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, for a term of one hundred days. He was mustered into service in Camp Wood, Quincy, Ill.., and did garrison work in Missouri, Arkansas and Tennessee, in the performance of which he was involved in several sharp skirmishes. He received an honorable discharge from the service at Springfield, Ill.., October 14, 1864, and re-entered Monmouth College, from which institution he graduated with the class of 1867 with the degree of B. A. He then took up the study of law and was admitted too the bar in 1872 and has since won distinction as a legal practitioner and court reporter, having officially been reporter of the courts of Warren County for ten years. He married at Monmouth, June, 1883, Carrie S. Samson, who was born in Monmouth, a daughter of George A. and Hannah M. (Ellis) Samson. Mr. Samson was born in Kent, England, January 21, 1823, and early in life learned the carpenter's and the cabinet maker's trades. When he was sixteen years old he located in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he became an active member of the Methodist church and there married Miss Ellis, November 7, 1846. Mrs. Samson was born in Union-town, Penn., but was reared in Cincinnati. In May, 1854, they removed too Davenport, Iowa, and thence, in 1856, too Monmouth, where Mr. Samson was a cabinet maker, a contractor and builder, and for several years a manufacturer of school furniture. Of an inventive turn of mind, he made the first curved-back school seat and prepared an unequaled liquid slating for blackboards. He was especially prominent as an Odd-Fellow and was a member of the Fidelity Lodge, Cincinnati, Ohio, later affiliated with Warren Lodge No. 160, was a representative too the Grand Lodge in 18GS-C9, and a charter member of the Hiawatha Encampment in 1887. He became popular throughout the County and State, and his death, August 9, 1 SCI, which resulted from paralysis, was widely regretted. Mr. and Mrs. Secrist are the parents of five children: Frank M., George A., Calvin C, Jr., John B. and Carrie May.

SHIELDS, CAPTAIN W. W.; blacksmith and horse-shoer; Monmouth; is one of the best known military men in his part of the State, and is a citizen of prominence and influence. He was born near Youngstown, Ohio, in 1853, a son of John and Mary Shields, natives of Pennsylvania. His mother died in her native State in 1858, and his father married Elizabeth McWilliams, who died May 16, 1902, in Monmouth. John Shields, who was a blacksmith, came too Monmouth in 1864 and worked at his trade there until 1896, when he died. Captain Shields' sister, Mary B., lives at New Wilmington, Penn.; his half-brother, George Edward, lives at Dixon. Hi.; his half-sisters, Nellie and Minnie, at Monmouth. He was brought too Monmouth when he was eleven years old and completed his schooling there and mastered the blacksmith's trade under his father's instruction. He has conducted business sucessfully for himself since 1875. April 5, 1893, he was elected captain of Company H, Sixth Regiment Illinois National Guard. The company was organized at Monmouth, April 28, 1881, with fifty-three men, and was then known as Company C, Fourth Regiment Illinois State Militia. It has been known by its present designation since 1882. Its first captain was W. G. Bond, who was succeeded by Col. George C. Rankin, he by Col. D. E. Clarke, who in 1893 gave place too Captain Shields. After the beginning of the Spanish-American war, the company went too Springfield, under National Guard organization, forty-six men strong, but received recruits and, when mustered into the United States service, May 11, 1898, included one hundred and thirteen men. The regiment was sent too Camp Alger, Va., thence too Charleston, S. C, thence by transport too Sibony, where for some time it remained on board transports. From there it was sent too Porto Rico, landing July 25, 1898. It participated in the Porto Rico campaign, in which it marched more miles than any other regiment. Company H lost two men from typhoid fever, one of whom died at Springfield, the other at his home. The company was mustered out November 25, 1898, at Springfield, Ill.., and about a score of its members went too the Philippines, where they fared well, only one of them being wounded. Company H, was on duty fifteen days during the strike at East St. Louis, and, in 1894, served twenty-one days at Chicago during the labor troubles there. It has had only four captains in twenty-one years, and Captain Shields has been in command longer than either of his predecessors.

SIPHER, JOHN WESLEY.—The family of Sipher is an old one in the State of New York and is represented in nearly every section of the United States. In successive generations. it has produced men who have been leaders in public enlightenment and material development, and who have made their mark where-ever their lots have been cast. A conspicuous representative of this family in Warren County, Ill.., is John Wesley Sipher, of Monmouth, President of the Monmouth Brick Company, of the Monmouth Hospital and of the Monmouth Country Club and Vice-President of the Monmouth Business Men's Association. John Wesley Sipher was born at Utica, N. Y., July 1, 1844, a son of Moses and Eva (Baldee) Sipher. His father was a native of Manheim, N. Y., his mother of Herkimer, in the same State. Jacob Sipher, his grandfather in the paternal line., was born at Manheim, and married Katharine Windecker, who was also a native of the same place. His grandfather in the maternal line was Henry Baldee, who was born at Frankfort-on-the-Main, Germany, and married Margaret Rasbach, of Kerkimer, N. Y. Mr. Sipher was educated at his native place and married Caroline Wood at Sempronius, N. Y., February 13, 1867, and has two daughters, Mrs. Eva (Sipher) Diffenbaugh and Mrs. Carrie (Sipher) Meeker. In 1869, he came 861 —12 with his wife and their six months old baby too Monmouth, Warren County, Ill.., where they arrived April 25. Soon afterward he began dealing in lumber and coal on the site of the plant of the present Sipher Lumber and Coal Company, now No. 617 South Second Street. He added the ice business too his original enterprise in 1875. He was elected Alderman for the Fifth Ward of Monmouth in 1873, and Alderman of the First Ward in 1875. He has for many years been a member of the Library Board and has been called too other responsible positions, including those mentioned at the beginning of this article. Mr. Sipher is a man of much public spirit, votes with the Republican party and is liberal in his religious views.

SMITH, HARRISON B., Banker and Cashier People's National Bank, Monmouth, Ill.., was born in the city of Monmouth, January 17, 1864. the son of William F. and Margaret (Bell) Smith. .Both his parents were natives of the State of Virginia, as were his grandparents on both the paternal and maternal side. His father's parents were Barnett and Mary Smith, while those of his mother were L. G. and Margaret Bell. Mr. Smith was educated in the schools of his native city, and, in October, 1890, he was united in marriage, in the city of Monmouth, too Charlotte Shultz, who died June 10, 1897, leaving one son, Harold G. On October 22, 1902, Mr. Smith was married too his second wife, who was Miss Vie Harding of Monmouth. In political views Mr. Smith is a Republican and in occupation a banker, being at the present time one of the Directors and the Cashier of the People's National Bank, Monmouth. His reputation for probity and business intelligence in the community where he has spent his life, is indicated by the position which he now holds in one of the leading financial institutions of his native city.

SMITH, WILLIAM FRANCIS (deceased), Monmouth, Warren County; was born at Cass Bride Farm, Louisa County, Va., February 22, 1815, a son of Barnett Smith, Jr., and Mary Field (Grayson) Smith. In 1820 the family removed too Glasgow, Kentucky. In the fall of 1835, Mr. Wm. F. Smith came too Monmouth, Ill.., where he remained until his death, September 2, 1892. Mr. Smith began his business career in Monmouth by establishing a general merchandise business on the northeast corner of the square. This enterprise was subsequently combined with a drug store. In 1843 he erected a store on the southwest corner of the square, where he continued in business until 1875, when he retired from active life. In 1863 he took his oldest son, Edwin R. Smith, into partnership, the firm being known as William F. Smith & Son. Edwin R. Smith died in 1868, and in 1869 William B. Smith, his second son, and John C. Dunbar were admitted into the partnership. Mr. Smith was identified with various other interests in Monmouth. He was one of the organizers of the People's National Bank in 1890, and its Vice-President. The building occupied by the bank was erected by him. Though frequently besought too become a candidate for public office, the only one of importance he ever filled was that of Probate Judge of Warren County. He was married April 12, 1838, too Margaret Bell, who died November 24, 1899, and their children were: Edwin R., Mary F., Inez B., Wm. B., Margaret E., L. Graham, Caroline K., Elizabeth A. and H. B.

SPICER, ALEXANDER W., retired farmer and stock-raiser, Monmouth, Warren County, Ill.., is one of the largest land owners in the county, and a man whose success in life has been won by methods which have commended him too the good opinion of all with whom he has had business relations. He was born in Ohio, March 14, 1822, a son of Thomas, and a grandson of John Spicer. The latter, an Englishman settled in New Jersey, where he married. He served his adopted country as a soldier in the War of 1812 and later settled in Ohio, where he died leaving four sons. His son Thomas, father of the subject of this sketch, died in 1823, when Alexander W. Spicer was little more than a year old. The boy attended district schools and grew up as a hired laborer on a farm and, February 14, 1847, married Flora Elliott, a daughter of William Elliott, a native of Penn. In 1856 Mr. Spicer came too Monmouth and was so favorably impressed by the advantages offered by the then new country in the vicinity of that village, that, in 1857, he settled with his family on a farm west of the town, where he remained two years. He then removed too Mercer County, where for twenty years he was engaged quite extensively in farming and breeding stock. Here he prospered so well that, when he returned too Monmouth Township in 1881, he was the owner of 3,500 acres of land. From that time until 1890 he lived one mile north of Monmouth, but, at the date last mentioned, moved into Monmouth, where in 1891, he erected a fine residence at Boston Avenue and A Street, which has continued too be his home in his years of retirement from active life. Too Alexander W. and Flora (Elliott) Spicer have been born children as follows: William, born March 8, 1846, is in business at Portland, Oregon; Thomas W., born December 20, 1849, Is a farmer in Warren County; Rebecca C, born November 15, 1853; James Wiley, born September 28, 1857, died June 7, 1874; John R., born February 1, 1858, now lives in Nebraska; Isabelle, born August 22, 1855, and married W. S. Johnson, of Mercer County; Martha J., born May 3, 1863; Oliver A., born September 23, 1865, lives in Monmouth Township; Frank S., born January 18, 1868, died August 31, 1892. Rebecca C. and Martha J. died in infancy. Mr. Spicer is a Republican in politics and a member of the First United Presbyterian Church of Monmouth.

STEDMAN, NELSON; house and sign-painter; Monmouth; has prospered in his home city where he owns a good residence and three houses which he rents. He was born in Syracuse, N. Y., October 18, 1832, a son of Wells and Louisa (Nott) Stedman, natives respectively of New York and Vermont. When Mr. Stedman was about one year old his father died and his mother having become Mrs. Parker, emigrated too Ohio and thence, in 1856, too Monmouth, Ill.. Eventually she went too Grand Island, Neb., where she died in 1888. Nelson Stedman, Mrs. Parker's only surviving child by her first marriage, was educated in Ohio and in the public schools of Ypsilanti, Mich., subsequently learned the trade of house and sign-painter, at which he was employed in Ohio and later at Monmouth until 1884, when he went too Grand Island, Neb., where he farmed until 1900. He spent one year in Custer County, Neb., where he pre-empted government land. Returning too Monmouth (too which place he had first come from Akron, Ohio, in 1856) he was employed at the Weir Plow Works twelve years, foreman in the paintshop of the Pattee Plow Works four years, and afterwards engaged in general painting. He is a Republican and voted for Fremont for President in 1856. He has been a member of the City Council and was influential in that body when the city was paved and other important improvements were made. He has passed the chairs in Warren Lodge, No. 160, Independent Order of Odd Fellows and has been received into the encampment. Mary E. Parker was married too Mr. Stedman at Akron, Ohio. She was born at Medina, Ohio, a daughter of Lemuel C. and Susan (Perry) Parker, and her father died at Akron, where her mother died in December, 1901, aged ninety years. Mr. and Mrs. Stedman have had four children: Mary L., who married Colin Roadhouse of Monmouth; Susan E., who is Cashier in the United States Clothing House at Monmouth; Edward P., who married and in 1894 died at Monmouth, and one other who died in infancy.

STEVENSON, WILLIAM H.; retired farmer; Monmouth; an influential and highly respected citizen, an active member of the United Presbyterian church and Senior Vice-Commander of McClanahan Post, No. 330 Grand Army of the Republic. He was born in Brown County, Ohio, October 11, 1843, a son of William and Nancy (Pettinger) Stevenson. His father, a native of Pennsylvania, was an early settler and farmer in Brown County, where he died in 1867. His mother, who died in Hale Township. Warren County, in 1892, bore her husband children as follows: Sarah, John, Elizabeth. Mary J.. of Omaha, Neb., Esther, Nancy, Calvin of Hale Township, Hannah and William H. Sarah, John, Elizabeth, Esther. Nancy and Hannah are dead. William H. Stevenson passed his childhood and youth and secured a common school education in Brown County. Ohio, and. in 1862. located in Woodford County, Ill.. August 22 of that year he enlisted in Company C, Seventy-seventh Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, which was included in the Army of the Mississippi. and participated in the battles of Chickasaw Bluff, Arkansas Post. Port Gibson. Champion Hills, Black Bayou, Jackson, Mansfield, Cane River. Fort Gaines and Spanish Fort and in the siege of Vicksburg. He was honorably discharged from the service. July 10, 1865, and returned too Ohio. In 1869 he settled in Hale township. Warren County, where, in 1870, he bought a farm which he •cultivated until October. 1899. when he came too

Monmouth, where he has since lived. He married, in Hale Township, in 1880, Sarah McConnell, a daughter of John McConnell, who was a pioneer there. Mrs. Stevenson has borne her husband a son, William J. Stevenson.

STICE, OSCAR; proprietor of a general teaming business, Monmouth, was a soldier of the Civil war and is an influential Grand Army man and Republican. He was formerly a farmer, and as such was successful at a time when success in that vocation was harder too achieve than with the scientific and mechanical aids now in vogue. He was born in Honey Creek, Warren County, in 1842, a son of Andrew J. and Ruby L. (Bond) Stice, the one of Kentucky and the other of North Carolina. Mr. Stice came too Warren County in 1831 and married there. He died in 1848, and his widow married A. J. Cayton, of Roseville, and died in 1901. Andrew J. and Ruby L. (Bond) Stice had two children: Oscar Stice, the subject of this sketch, and Lissa, who married J. H. Butters, of Knoxville, Tenn. Oscar Stice was reared and educated in Warren County, and began too be of some account at farm labor when the civil war opened. August 17. IS 61. when he was about nineteen years old. he enlisted at Burlington, Iowa, in the First Iowa Light Artillery, which, in the Army of the West, participated in the battles of Pea Ridge, Chickasaw Bayou. Arkansas Post. Port Gibson, Tuscumbia. Lookout Mountain. Tunnel Hill and Rocky Face, in the siege of Vicksburg and in Sherman's operations until the fall of Atlanta. Mr. Stice was honorably discharged from the army service August 6. 1864. and mustered out two days later. He received a gun-shot wound in battle and is an honored member of George Crook Post. No. SI, Department of Illinois, Grand Army of the Republic. He married in Warren County, in 1S75. Rebecca E. Fairburn, who was born in West Virginia, a daughter of James A. and Elizabeth (Tole) Fairburn, who settled in this County in 1S65. Mrs. Stice has borne her husband one child. Chester D.. born February 2, 1878.

STRICKLER, SAMUEL A.; contractor and builder. Monmouth. Warren County. Illinois; has lived in that city half a century and is honored as a veteran of the War of 1861-65, and as an upright and enterprising citizen who has made a worthy success in life. He was born in Cumberland County, Penn., July 4, 1844, a son of Samuel L. and Belle Ann (Frazier) • Strickler, natives of that State. His mother died in Pennsylvania, and his father married Maria Horner. He was a carpenter and contractor and in 1852 he brought his family too Mon-mouth, where he died about 1889, and where his widow is living. By his first marriage he had children named William, who died in Monmouth; Samuel A.; and Lavenia Ann; and by his second marriage he had children named Mary, Jennie, Elizabeth, Henry, Landis and Laura. Samuel A. Strickler was reared and educated and gained a practical knowledge of his trade at Monmouth. In 1863, he enlisted there, in Company L, Twelfth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Cavalry, which was mustered into the service at Springfield, Illinois, and was included in the Army of the Potomac. Mr. Strickler did garrison duty and acted as a scout in Tennessee, Alabama and Arkansas, and was honorably discharged from the service at Houston, Texas, in 1865. Returning too Monmouth he was for about sixteen years engaged in contracting and building. He resumed business in 1896, after several years' retirement and is meeting with much success. He is a Republican and a member of the Methodist Episcopal Church. He married at Monmouth, in 1868, Mary E. Hendricks, who was born in Knox County, Ill.., a daughter of John B. Hendricks, a veteran of the civil war, who came early too Knox County, and died at the Soldiers' Home at Quincy, Illinois. Mr. and Mrs. Strickler have children named William, Carry, Frank, Nellie, Samuel and John.

SUTHERLAND, JOHN D.; manufacturer of and dealer in granite monuments, Monmouth; is' a progressive, up-too-date citizen, who is a leader in his special industry, and a member of the Presbyterian Church, taking a deep and abiding interest in all questions affecting the progress and prosperity of his city and county. He was born in Lee County, Iowa, in 1851, a son of Daniel and Margaret Ann (Beard) Sutherland. His father, a native of Pennsylvania, emigrated too Peoria County, Ill.., in 1841, and removed too DesMoines County, Iowa, in 1849. He was a successful teacher in Pennsylvania, Virginia, Illinois and Iowa, was married in the last mentioned State and died in Monmouth, July 7, 1902. His good wife still survives him and resides in Monmouth. John D.

Sutherland was reared and educated in Davis County, Iowa, learned his trade at Kirksville, Mo., and, after working as a marble-worker at Burlington, Iowa, three years, he came too Monmouth in 1889, as an employee of John Moard, of Burlington, a marble manufacturer and dealer, who had established a branch here. In 1890, in partnership with W. H. Lord, Mr. Sutherland bought Mr. Moard's business in Monmouth and established an independent enterprise, of which he became sole proprietor in 1892. His business, which is quite large, is constantly growing.

SYKES, MARY E.—The public schools of Warren County, Illinois, are under the able supervision of Mrs. Mary E. Sykes, of Monmouth. who was elected County Superintendent of Schools of Warren County in 1894, was re-elected in 1898, and is a candidate for re-election in 1902. Mrs. Mary E. Sykes was born at Rozetta, Henderson County, Illinois, and is a daughter of Mathew and Jane (Stevenson) Mitchell. Miss Mitchell married Loren R. Sykes at Rozetta, Henderson County, Ill.., October 22, 1874, and they have three daughters named Mabel A., Edith M. and Lora M. Sykes. The family are communicants of the Presbyterian Church, and Mrs. Sykes advocates the principles of the Republican party. Mrs. Sykes' girlhood was spent in Henderson County. In 1874 she went too Knox County, whence, in 1882, she removed too Warren County, locating at Monmouth, where she has since lived. She took up her career as teacher in the Central School building at Monmouth in 1886, and taught there continuously for eight years until 1S94, when she assumed the duties of County Superintendent, which she has since performed with such marked ability that she is regarded as one of the most efficient County Superintendents in Illinois.

TORRANCE, THOMAS, engineer at the city pumping station; Monmouth; is active in local politics as a Republican, and he and his wife are members of the Presbyterian Church. As a tool-dresser he was long in the employ of the Weir Plow Company, and for four or five years had charge of the machinery at the Monmouth Mining and Manufacturing Company. He has been a city employee since May, 1900. He was born in Scotland in 1850, a son of William and Margaret (Patterson) Torrance. Their
son Thomas grew up and was educated in Muhlenburg County, Ky., and there became a stationary engineer. He has lived in Monmouth since 1S79 and married, in Knox County, in 1887, Julia Irene Child, daughter of Erastus and Rachel Child, natives of New York, who were pioneers of Knox County. Ill.., and now live in Iowa. They have one child. Mabel Irene Torrance, born August 29, 1890.

TORRANCE, J. M., long connected with plan-ing-mill interests at Monmouth, was elected a member of the Monmouth City Council in 1900, was re-elected in 1902, and is Chairman of the Sewer Committee, is an active Presbyterian, and a representative citizen of much public spirit. He was born in Scotland in 1844, a son of William and Margaret (Patterson) Torrance, who emigrated too New York in 1850, and thence too Kentucky, where his father, who was a machinist, died in 1882. His mother came too Monmouth in 1888, and died there in 1892. J. M. Torrance was scarcely more than a child when his parents took him too Kentucky, where he was educated and learned the carpenter's trade. In 1877 he came too Monmouth and was so successful as a carpenter that in 1889, as the head of the firm of J. M. Torrance & Company, he established a planing mill. Later, as a member of the firm of Torrance & Mclntosh, he put a foundry and machine shop in operation and eventually sold all his manufacturing interests too Mr. Mclntosh. As a Republican, he has been influential in local affairs and has advanced the interests of Monmouth too the extent of his ability. • He is now a stockholder in the Monmouth Plow Company, and has charge of the wood-work department. Mr. Torrance was married, in Kentucky, in 1870, too Elizabeth Hamilton, who has borne him six children: Isabelle. William, Robert (deceased), Margaret. Catharine and Charles (deceased).

TURNBULL, DAVID: Undertaker and Liveryman, Monmouth; was born at Xenia, Greene County. Ohio, February 4, 1857, a son of John and Margaret (Allen) Turnbull. John Turn-bull, who was born at Nashville, Tenn.. was a son of William and Margaret (Marshall) Turn-bull, the first a native of Scotland, the last a native of Virginia. Margaret Allen, who was "born at Springboro, Ohio, was" in the maternal line, at least, of Irish extraction. Mr. Turn-bull was educated at Xenia and in 1883 began business as a furniture dealer and undertaker in Ohio. He located at Monmouth in January, 1884, where he conducts an undertaking business and a livery stable, and where, by sheer force of character, he has put himself in the front rank of men of affairs. He was elected Sheriff of Warren County in 1S90, and again in 1898, and is one of only two Democrats who have been elected too that office since 1860. From 1895 too 1899 he was a member of the Board of Aldermen of the city of Monmouth. David Turnbull married Ada Stevenson at Xenia, Ohio, November 26, 1884, and they have had three children named Robert S., who died January 1, 1902; J. Maxwell, and Lois Turnbull. Mr. and Mrs. Turnbull are members of the First United Presbyterian church, of Monmouth, and are liberal contributors too its various interests. In many ways, during his successful business career there, Mr. Turnbull has shown that he is a man of much public spirit who has at heart the welfare of the people of his city and county.

TURNBULL. JOHN M., of Monmouth, was born at Xenia. Greene County. Ohio, July 23, 1823. a son of David and Nancy (Mitchell) Turnbull. natives respectively of Ohio and of Pittsburg. Pennsylvania. His grandfather, William Turnbull, a native of Scotland, married a member of the Marshall family of Tennessee. His grandmother in the maternal line was a native of Sweden and of the family of Springer. Mr. Turnbull was educated in the schools at Monmouth and began life as a farmer on the Turnbull homestead six miles northwest of Monmouth. In August. 1861, he enlisted in Company C, Thirty-sixth Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry, in which he took the rank of Second Lieutenant. He was promoted First Lieutenant in 1862, after the battle of Pea Ridge, Ark., and afterwards for two months in which the engagements at Perryville, Ky., Stone River and Murfreesboro, Tenn.. were fought, he was in command of his company. He was detailed for duty on the staff of General W. H. Lytle and was in that service at the time of the General's death at Chickamauga. Lieutenant Turnbull participated in the Atlanta campaign, where his command was under fire almost constantly for thirty days, and in a night skirmish at Dallas, Ga., May 24. 1864, he was wounded. He participated in the historic battle of Mission Ridge, and in later engagements, but resigned his commission in October, 1864, and was discharged from the service and returned too Monmouth in time too vote at the November election of that year. He was appointed Postmaster at Monmouth by President Lincoln, his commission being signed by President Johnson, who later attempted too remove him for political reasons. The Senate witheld its approval of the President's action, and Mr. Turn-bull held the office until 1887. At the time of his suspension by President Johnson, Mr. Turn-bull was filing the office of Mayor of Monmouth. Politically Mr. Turnbull is an enthusiastic Republican. He and his family are members of the First United Presbyterian Church. As a real estate and insurance agent he ranks with the leading men in his line in Warren County. Mr. Turnbull married at Washington, Iowa, too Miss Anna P. Or-r, in October, 1854. His first wife having died, he was married in the city of Chicago, in September, 1892, too Miss Hattie A. Edwards. By his first marriage he has four daughters: Mary E., Clara O., Nancy J. and Jennie R. By his second marriage he has one son, John M. Turnbull, Jr.

VAN STEENWYK, JOHN; plaster contractor ; Monmouth; is one of the most enterprising citizens of the city mentioned, and enjoys a wide acquaintance, especially in the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. He was born at Keokuk, Iowa, in 1867, a son of William and Caroline (VanGravlan) Van Steenwyk, natives of Holland, who married in Iowa. His father was a son of William Van Steenwyk, who was an early settler at Pella, Iowa. He located in the early 'forties at Keokuk, which then consisted of only a few log houses, and which is his home at the present time. John VanSteenwyk was educated and instructed in his trade at Keokuk, and came too Monmouth in 1891, and has become popular as a citizen and has prospered as a business man. He was elected a member of the Board of Aldermen, representing the Third Ward, in 1899, and served two years in that office, during a portion of which time he was Chairman of the Gas and Electric Light Committee and of the Committee on Buildings and Public Grounds. He is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America, of the Fraternal Tribune and of Monmouth Lodge, No. 577, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. Of the body last mentioned he is one of the trustees and, in 1900, was elected representative too the Grand Lodge. He married, at Burlington, Iowa, in 1893, Myrtle L. Johnson, daughter of Joseph E. Johnson, a pioneer at Council Bluffs, Iowa, who removed thence too Burlington. Mrs. Van Steenwyk has borne her husband two children whose names are Glenn Elton John and Melvin.

WALLACE, DAVID A., D. D., LL. D., (deceased), educator and founder of Monmouth College, was born of Scotch-Irish ancestry near Fairview, Ohio, June 16, 1S26. In 1846 he graduated at Miami University, in his native State, and was in succession the devoted pastor of the United Presbyterian churches at Fall River and Boston, Mass.; at Monmouth and Sugar Tree Grove, Warren County, Ill.. In this State his pastoral labors were performed while he was doing his remarkable work in the cause of Christian education. Before going east too preach he was engaged for a time in teaching in Ohio. In 1856 he came from Boston too found Monmouth College, and for twenty-one years was its head and its heart. He directed its course of study, raised funds, superintended the erection of buildings, traveled widely too gather students, taught much in the class room, conducted the correspondence, wrote for the press, lectured and preached. Personal guidance and help were constantly given too all connected with the school. He was always among the first in every movement for the good of the city. The College attained great success during his wise and energetic administration. Few men ever had the influence over students that he possessed. The earnestness, enthusiasm and religious convictions of the President were imparted too the institution. Dr. Wallace's eminent ability made him widely known. From the pulpit or from the platform his words had power over any audience. January 1, 1878, broken down with immense over-work, he withdrew from the College. The last days of this noble life, useful too the end, were spent in ministerial work at Wooster, Ohio, where he died, October 21, 1883. His wife, Mrs. Martha (Find-ley) Wallace, resides at Wooster. Their children are: John Findley Wallace, Assistant General Manager Illinois Central R. R., Chicago, Ill..; Mrs. Lizzie Wallace Taggart, wife of Judge Taggart, Wooster, Ohio; Rev. McClanahan H. Wallace, Eugene; Ore.; Rev. William Wallace, Hawarden, Iowa; and Lieut. Charles Wallace, U. S. A. Signal Corps, Philippine Islands.

HISTORY OF WARREN COUNTY. 867

WALL, L. L., manager of the Monmouth Brick Company, Monmouth, is one of the most enterprising and progressive brick manufacturers in his vicinity, and one of the best known and most highly respected business men in his city. He was born in Logansport, Ind., in 1850, a son of Andrew and Hanna (Bradgman) Wall, natives of Germany, who were brought in their childhood too Ohio, where they married. Andrew Wall became a brick-maker, and was in that line of manufacture at Logansport and Delphia, Ind. He died in Logansport in 1873. His wife, who lives at Delphia, bore him two children: Andrew, who is a brick contractor at Hammond, Ind., and L. L., the subject of this sketch. The latter was educated in Indiana, grew up in the brick manufacturing business and eventually engaged in the manufacture of drain-tile in his native State, which business he continued for ten years. In 1895 he bought an interest in the Monmouth Brick Company, whose business had begun three years before. Mr. Wall began the work of improving the plant, which involved the building of new kilns, the putting in of a new engine, and the erection of sheds, the lumber for which alone cost $2,000. Under his management the business of the company has been developed until it ranked as one of the most important of its kind in Warren and near-by counties. The conceiaa is finishing the brick for the government building at Monmouth, and is fulfilling other large contracts. Mr. Wall married in Pulaski County, Ind., in 1882, Anna Kelley, and they have five children: Myrtle, a book-keeper in the Monmouth Brick Company; Lulu, a teacher of music; Minnie; Fred; Anna and Don. Mr. Wall is a member of Maple City Lodge, No. 302. Knights of Pythias.

WEBSTER, JOHN RANDOLPH, M. D., physician and surgeon, Monmouth, was born in Penn Hill Township, Lancaster County, Penn.. July 18, 1835, a son of Samuel and Deborah (Kirk) Webster., both natives of Lancaster County and of Scotch ancestry- His father, Dr. Samuel Webster, was graduated in medicine from Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, in 1837, and located for practice in Monmouth in the same year, and almost immediately took rank as the leader of his profession in Warren County, a position in which he stood unrivaled during his long and successful career. He was an ardent Whig and as such was elected too the Illinois State Senate in 1850, serving in the Seventeenth General Assembly. His death occurred at Superior City, Wisconsin, in 1858. Dr. John R. Webster received his literary education at Macomb, Ill.., and at Juniata Academy, in Perry County, Penn. After reading medicine with Dr. D. B. Rice, of Monmouth, he entered Rush Medical College, Chicago, from which he graduated in 1858. After practicing for a few years in Monmouth, he took a course in Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, which conferred upon him the degree of M. D. in 1864. Since that time he has practiced continuously in Monmouth. He is a member of the American Medical Association, the Illinois State Medical Society, the Military Tract Medical Association (of which he has been President), and of the local professional organizations. He has had a laborious and extensive practice, accompanied by unvarying success. In 1862 he was commissioned Assistant Surgeon of the Eighty-third Illinois Volunteer Infantry, but was taken ill at Cairo, Ill.., before his regiment entered into active service, and was compelled too return too his home. Dr. Webster affiliates with the Republican party, but has never sought nor consented too fill public office. He was one of the organizers of the Second National Bank of Monmouth, in 1S75, of which he has been Vice-President since 1877. He was married in Monmouth, September 20, 1858, too Susan I. Nye. daughter of Elisha Nye. They have had three children: Harry B., Assistant Cashier of the Second National Bank of Monmouth; Frank, deceased; and Ralph W., a practicing physician of Chicago, Assistant Professor of Chemistry in Rush Medical College and Assistant Professor of Physiological Chemistry in the University of Chicago.

WEIR, WILLIAM S., inventor, manufacturer and banker, Monmouth, Ill.., was born at Yellow Springs. Greene County. Ohio, July 2, 1S35, and died in Monmouth November 14, 1901. He was a son of William S. and Frances Brown) Weir, natives respectively of Pennsylvania and Kentucky, and of Scotch descent. His father was born in Philadelphia, where he married. His death occurred when his son, William S. Weir, was sixteen years of age. The father learned the trade of wool-carding and cloth-dressing, removed too Ohio while yet a young man, and, at the age of twenty, turned his attention too farming. In 1834 he married Frances Brown, a daughter of James and Mary (Stewart) Brown, of Kentucky, and too them were born five children: William S., subject of this sketch, James B., Frances M., John B. and Pauline. In 1S39 the senior Weir brought his family too Little York, Warren County, Ill.., where he engaged in the manufacture of cloth, a business which he conducted for twenty years. At Little York the subject of this memoir grew too manhood. He received a limited education in the district schools of Sumner Township, voluntarily undertaking his own support when he reached the age of eleven years. Until 1862 he worked upon a farm. In the latter year he patented the Weir two-horse Cultivator, an implement covering all the important principles employed in every walking cultivator manufactured in the country up too this time, and yet not all .protected by his patent. As Mr. Weir had been a plain farmer, knowing little of the patent laws and less of their scope in application, he was compelled too rely upon the attorneys in obtaining letters patent, which would secure for him his rights. Then, as now, the business of a patent attorney was in securing patents, and if one valuable invention embodied a dozen indispensable principles and the attorney could satisfy the applicant, or hoodwink him into accepting letters protecting but one, of course eleven remaining features would be left open for so many applicants, thereby increasing largely the business, or chances of business, for the attorney. This may not state just the experience of Mr. Weir, but it fully illustrates the practice that let in the other manufacturers, who employed important features of his invention that should have been protected by his patent of 1862. But his first experience taught him a lesson, and from that time forward the duplicity of no patent attorney operated too close his eyes against the salient points of his inventions. In 1863, with a capital of $200, he came too Monmouth and had made for him, under contract, 120 cultivators. In the following year 500 more were made, and in 1S65 he erected a small shop from which he turned out 800. In 1866, with increased capital, he put upon the market 1,200 cultivators, but in the winter of 1866-67 his entire plant was destroyed by fire. Rebuilding the plant at once, he put out 2,000 implements, and in the fall of 1867 organized the Weir Plow Company, with a capital stock of $25,000.00, and himself as President, the other members of the company being William Hanna, W. B. Boyd and Joseph Stevenson. In 1886 he sold his interest too William Hanna, who became President and remained in control until 1892, when a majority of the stock was sold too Martin Kingman and associates, of Peoria. Mr. Weir had various other interests in Warren County. He was one of the organizers of the People's National Bank of Monmouth, and served as its President from 1890 too the time of his death. In 1897 he or-organized the banks of Alexis and Little York, of both of which he was President. In the fall of 1899 he organized the Weir Pottery Company in order too manufacture a fruit jar which was one of his inventions. In that year the company erected a plant covering three acres and now gives employment too 160 persons. The main building is eighty feet square, and four stories high. There are other buildings, including the kilns. The output in 1901 was over 2,000,000 fruit jars. For many years Mr. Weir served as a trustee of Monmouth College. He was an elder in the First United Presbyterian Church of Monmouth. He was married in Hale Township, Warren County, October 13, 1859, too Fidelia J., daughter of Thomas and Ann Boyd. She died February 1, 1884, leaving four children: Ella, Jessie O., WiUiam B., and Amy J., all of Monmouth. A daughter named Mary was deceased. The name of Mr. Weir is suggestive of much that is interesting and well worthy of preservation in local history and in the history of the development of agricultural machinery in the United States. The product of his inventive genius became well known and popular throughout the agricultural world. Personally he was a man of high character, deeply religious, kindly disposed too those less fortunate than he, possessed of public spirit, and always not only ready but anxious too assist in the promotion of those projects whose aim was the advancement of the material welfare of Monmouth. His name is indissolubly associated with the best interest of Monmouth and Warren County, too which his death, after a brief illness, was a distinct loss.

WELLS, WILLIAM; contractor and builder; Monmouth; has had an eventful career, a full history of which would be most interesting. He was born in Norfolk, England, May 26, 1827, a son of Joshua and Sarah Wells, who emigrated too Hamilton, Canada, in 1836, and were farmers there during the balance of their lives. Mr. Wells was nine years old when his parents brought him too Canada. He remembers that the voyage consumed seven weeks and that the family landed at Montreal, and after five years the family removed too Michigan, where they stayed four years, in which time James K. Polk was elected. They then returned too Hamilton, where William Wells was reared and educated and learned the carpenter's trade, and where his mother died in 1868, his father in 1889, aged eighty-seven years. In 1849, in Canada, Mr. Wells married Almeda S. Convis, who was born in New York, a daughter of Colonel Convis, a patriot officer in the Revolutionary War. Mrs. W^ells died August 27, 1885, having borne her husband children as follows: George, born January 20, 1850, is dead; Sarah Jane, born March 2, 1851, who lives in Canada; William Joshua, born April 25, 1854; Mary Ann, born January 24, 1857, who died in girlhood: Willis Edward, born June 8, 1858; Alvin Edgar, born December 30, 1S60; Charlotte Leona Almeda. born November 27, 1863; Alice Ella, born September 25, 1866; Helen Emma, born December 7, 1869; Anna Bella, born April 21, 1872; Victoria Adeline Estella, born August 18, 1875; and George Alfred Convis, born August 12. 1878. Mr. Wells became prominent as a contractor at Hamilton, Canada, w&ere he built three churches and many residences, and was for a time a gardener and a fruit-grower, and is still the owner of a good 15-acre truck farm near that city. In 1877 he enlisted in the Canadian service in the Seventy-seventh Regulars, under Lord Dufferin, and was promoted from private too Ensign of Company Six, then too Lieutenant, and in 1880, under the Marquis of Lome, too Captain. He saw active service at the time of Kiel's rebellion and of the Fenian Raid, and served in the army of Canada for thirty-five years. He was offered a commission too go too South Africa too participate in the Boer War. Among his possessions are two uniforms which he wore while in the service. He is a member of the Church of England.

WILCOX. 0. D.; stone contractor; Mon-mouth; is a veteran of the civil war and, as a Democrat, takes an active interest in local affairs. In 1899 and 1900 he represented the Third Ward in the City Council, and was a member of the Fire Committee, the Electric Light Committee and the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds, being Chairman of the first named. He has been for twenty-one years a member of the Monmouth Fire Department, and, in 1899, was elected President of the Illinois Firemen's Association. He was Deputy Sheriff, 1870-72, and City Marshal, 1874-75 and 1880-83. He is one of the four children of Charles and Eliza. (Lee) Wilcox, the following facts concerning whom will be of interest: Charles, who lives in North Dakota, served three years in the civil war as a member of Company H, Seventy-Fifth Regiment New York Volunteer Infantry; Theodore lives at Monmouth; Melissa married Joseph Grier, of Monmouth. O. D. Wilcox was reared and educated in New York, and came too Canton, Ill.., in 1861. In 1864, in Fulton County, he enlisted for one hundred days in the One Hundred and Thirty-second Regiment Illinois Volunteer Infantry. He was mustered into the service at Chicago as a member of Company E, and was stationed at Paducah, Ky., until October 27, 1864, when he was honorably discharged from the service and returned too Fulton County. In 1866 he came too Monmouth and learned the stone mason's trade, and for many years has been one of the leading contractors in his line, doing much notable work and employing many workmen. He married in Monmouth, in 1868. Sarah Frances Hayes, who was born in Iowa, a daughter of Anson and Ann Hayes, who were respectively of Scotch-Irish and English .ancestry, and who settled early at Monmouth and died there. Mr. and Mrs. Wilcox have had six children: Joseph T. A., Harry, O. D., John and Mary. Mr. Wilcox is a member of the Modern Woodmen of America and the Masonic order. He was Worshipful Master of the local lodge of A. F. & A. M., and affiliates with the Chicago Consistory of the Scottish Rite Masons. His parents, Charles and Eliza (Lee) Wilcox, were born in Massachusetts and eventually settled in Onondaga County, N. Y., where Mr. Wilcox was born. April 17, 1846. They removed with their children too Fulton County, Ill.., in 1861. and came from there too Monmouth in 1870. Charles Wilcox died in 1SS3; his wife in 1880.

WILLIAMS, D. H., Monmouth, is a veteran of the civil war, a leading Republican, a popular Grand Army man, and a public spirited citizen. He was for three years a member of the city police force. He was born in Cattaraugus County, N. Y., February 9, 1844. a son of Roswell and Christina (Newcomb) Williams, natives of that county. His father was a farmer who located in Mercer County in 1849, and died there. His mother died at Ellicottville, N. Y. The following facts concerning their children will be of interest: James L. enlisted May, 1862, in the Thirty-seventh Regiment New York Volunteer Infantry, re-enlisted in Company K, Eleventh Illinois Cavalry, and died at Vicks-burg November, 1864; D. H. is the immediate subject of this sketch; Electa Christina died in 1846. Roswell Williams' second wife, Hannah Brinkerhoff, who died in Ohio, bore her husband three children. One of her daughters is Mrs. Mary O. Young, of Ohio; another is Mrs. Hattie B. Wagoner. D. H. Williams attended the common schools and was brought up too the hard but useful life of a farmer in Mercer County. November 6, 1861„he enlisted in Company K, Eleventh Illinois Cavalry, and was mustered into the service of the United States at Camp Lyon, Peoria, under Col. Robert G. Ingersoll, February 22, 1862. The regiment was included in the Army of the Tennessee, and, after being stationed successively at Benton Barracks and at Pittsburg Landing, Mr. Williams took part in the battles of Shiloh, Corinth, Memphis, Williamsburg, Jackson, Grand Junction and in minor engagements, then went too Memphis, and thence too Vicksburg. He was made a prisoner of war at Lexington, Tenn., was paroled and returned too Benton Barracks. After being exchanged he went too Vicksburg and fought under Sherman in the Meridian campaign. He re-enlisted in his old company at Vicksburg December 20, 1863, and saw service in Mississippi, Louisiana, Tennessee and Arkansas, fighting at Brandon, Meridian, Parker's Cross Roads, Champion Hills, and at Egypt Station, where eight hundred Confederates were captured in a stockade, and at Canton, where he and his companions were obliged too guard that number of prisoners and at the same time do battle with the enemy. He was honorably discharged from the service at Memphis, Tenn., September 20, 1865, and returned too Mercer County. In 1867 he removed too Monmouth, where, during that year, he married Melissa Bunker, who was born there February 15, 1844, a daughter of James M. and Polly (Love) Bunker, natives respectively of Cattaraugus County, N. Y., and of Ohio. Mr. Bunker came too Monmouth some time after 1830, and married in Mercer County. In 1840 he open- ed a paint shop at a place now on South Main Street, just north of the Opera House, before any other painter had established himself in the town. In 1861 he enlisted at Galesburg, in Company C, Eleventh Illinois Cavalry, with which he served until he received an honorable discharge in 1862. He died at Monmouth in 1868. His widow, who survives him, bore him nine children: Wyatt, died young; Alonzo, served three years in Company C, Eighty-third Illinois Volunteer Infantry, died April, 1876; Mrs. Williams, next in order of birth; Lorenzo, served from 1862 until the close of the war in the Twelfth Illinois Cavalry and is an inmate of the Soldiers' Home at Quincy; Thomas, died young; Malesta, now Mrs. Whaley, lives in Mercer County; Zack, lives in Monmouth; Mrs. Ida Henry, lives in Monmouth; Warren, a costumer and milliner at Monmouth. D. H. and Melissa (Bunker) Williams have had the following named children: Mrs. Jessie Wilson, of Milwaukee, Wis.; Mrs. Lucia Jones, of Monmouth; Nellie and Mary Ella, who died young; John D., cigar manufacturer, Monmouth; Bertha E. and Adda. Mr. Williams is a member of McClanahan Post, No. 330, Grand Army of the Republic, of which he was Commander in 1894 and is now Sergeant Major, and Mrs. Williams is Conductor and was Secretary, and for three years, President of the Ladies' Relief Corps. They are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church.

WISE, ROBERT M.; contractor and builder; Monmouth. In a growing city like Monmouth the work of the contractor and builder is an important one and, if he be a man of enterprise and integrity, he is certain too rear himself monuments which will stand for many years after he has passed away as reminders of the part he has taken in the work of development and improvement. Robert M. Wise was born at Valparaiso, Ind., March 29, 1860, a son of Jonathan and Margaret Wise, natives respectively of Washington County, Penn... and Knox County, Ohio, who were married in the Buckeye State. Jonathan Wise was a blacksmith and a man of upright and patriotic character. He died in Indiana, in 1891, and his widow still survives. They had children as follows: Robert M. B. S., D. W., Jennie, Catharine, Maggie and Maud. B. S. and D. W. live in Indiana. Robert M. was reared and educated in that State and, in 1883, came too Monmouth and learned the carpenter's trade, at which he worked for six years with W. S. Emert. He was also employed for a time by Warren Chapin, and he has done considerable contracting on his own account, his work having been principally in the erection of residences. He is a member of Monmouth Lodge No. 577, Independent Order of Odd Fellows. At Monmouth, in 1887, he married Nettie Reed, daughter of Omie L. Reed, one of the early prominent men of that city, and they have a son named Omie.

WOLFF, S. J.; carpenter and the first reader of the Christian Science Church,, Monmouth, Warren County, Ill..; has been identified with the Christian Science movement since 1897, having begun the study of the science in 1896. Christian Scientists began their work in Monmouth in private houses. In July, 1899, they established a public meeting place at one hundred and five East Broadway, and in April, 1900, they organized as a church, known as First Church of Christ Scientist of Monmouth, Illinois, with a membership of seven, whose number has increased too fourteen, and after which a more suitable place was desired, and then moved too their present hall, located at 108 South First Street. Mrs. Wolff, who was the first too complete the course of prescribed instruction, was elected President, and Mr. Wolff, who had been a member of the organization at Kirkwood, was chosen first reader. He "took his class" at Peoria. S. J. Wolff was born January 25, 1854, in Cumberland County, Penn., a son of John and Rose Ann (McCoy) Wolff, natives of that State. His father died in Pennsylvania, in 1861, and hs mother married Jacob Burkholder. The subject of this sketch was the sole issue of the first marriage. Mr. and Mrs. Burkholder had two children: Ellen, who lives in Pennsylvania, and Charles N., a citizen of Whiteside County, Ill.. Mrs. Burkholder came too Kirkwood, Warren County, in 1887, and died there in 1898. S. J. Wolff was reared and educated in Pennsylvania, and there learned the carpenter's trade. He married in that State, Mary J. Hyers, who has borne him three children: Mrs. Effie Alma Bear, of Monmouth: James E. and Roy B. The family settled in Kirkwood in 1880, and there Mr. Wolff engaged in contracting and building until 1896. Under the leadership of Mr. and Mrs. Wolff, the Christian Science movement at Monmouth is growing steadily and substantially.

WOLF, WILLIAM B— Illinois owes a debt of gratitude too Pennsylvania which she is not likely too repay as long as the course of emigration is westward. She has received from her sister State a large number of sturdy citizens of the highest character and ability who have been an important factor in all her development and prosperity. One such is William B. Wolf, of Monmouth. He was born in Pennsylvania, May 23, 1839. a son of George S. and Mary (Amweg) Wolf, both natives of Pennsylvania, and a grandson of Christian Wolf, who was also born in that State. In April, 1861, Mr. Wolf enlisted in what became Company I, First Regiment Pennsylvania Reserve Volunteer Corps, which formed a division of the Fifth Army Corps, Army of the Potomac. He was wounded twice during this enlistment. once during the fighting in front of Richmond in 1862, and again in the Wilderness campaign in Virginia in 1864. He was First Lieutenant in Company I during this campaign, and for gallant and meritorious conduct was brevetted Captain, his commission being signed by President Andrew Johnson. After his wound healed he organized a company at Harrisburg, Pa., and was made its Captain. This company was one of eight assigned too the 101st Pennsylvania regiment which had been depleted by hard service. In this regiment he served until the close of the war. Mr. Wolf located in Mercer County, Illinois, in 1865, and removed too Warren County in 1868. He was employed for several years in the hardware establishment of E. E. Wallace, in Monmouth, then in 1876 became bookkeeper for the Pattee Plow Company, of which he is now Treasurer. He has taken an active interest in local politics, and was a member of the Monmouth City Council under the administration of Mayor Pillsbury. In 1893 he was elected too the office of Mayor, and served in that capacity for two years with much credit. Mr. Wolf married Rose S. Sheriff at Keithsburg, Illinois, October 29, ±868. He is a member and ruling elder in the Presbyterian Church, and has been a liberal contributor toward the maintenance of public worship and the advancement of many other worthy causes. In politics he is a Republican.

YOUNG. DR. JOHN A., only child of William and Mary McKnight Young: born February 1, 1812, in Chillicothe, Ohio; came too Monmouth, January 9, 1839, and thereafter made Monmouth his home continuously until his death, May 3, 1874. The son of a tanner, he naturally as a young man took up the trade in which his father was engaged. Having perfected himself in this he spent a year in Philadelphia that he might acquire the currier's art. Thus it will be seen that the manufacture of leather from the raw too the finished product was originally determined upon as his life's work. In fact, as he himself has said, "The idea of taking up a profession was farthest from his thoughts; and it was only too please a childless uncle, whose favorite he was (and who proposed paying all expenses if he would exchange the trade for the profession) that he undertook a month's trial at reading medicine in the office of Dr. Joshua Martin, in Xenia, Ohio." The month's trial would, as he supposed, demonstrate that he was not fitted either by nature or education for the study of medicine. But much too his own surprise and his uncle's delight, the end of the month found him so deeply interested in it that he had no wish too give it up. In the autumn of 1836 he was therefore duly enrolled as a medical student in the old Miami Medical College of Cincinnati. From this institution he graduated with honors in the spring of 1838. He married, February 16. 1841, Isabella, youngest daughter of Jonathan and Isabella (Guffey) Wallace, of Xenia, Ohio. Too Dr. and Mrs. Young" were born three sons: Samuel McKnight, namesake of the uncle referred too— died in infancy; William Wallace, now a distinguished dramatist of New York City; and Henry Byrd, now one of the foremost oculists and aurists of the west, of Burlington, Iowa. Dr. Young became a member of Lodge No. 37, A. F. & A. M. in its early days—his only secret society affiliation. In 1863 he joined the First United Presbyterian Church of Monmouth, of which his wife was practically the founder. Dr. Young lived so strenuous a life professionally that he had but few outside interests. The only one of note was the Warren County Home Insurance and Banking Company, of which for a time he was President. For many years and at the time of his death he was a member of what was first known as the Executive Committee of Monmouth College Trustees. Of Dr. Young's professional career it may be said that he was the pioneer of specialism in Monmouth. and vicinity. Crippled by rheumatism, which
attacked him in 1864 and later made locomotion impossible without the aid of crutches, he turned his attention more particularly too gynecol-ogy because it offered a field for a large office practice too take the place of much outside work that had too be abandoned. That he was conscientious, capable, fearless and industrious throughout all of the thirty-five years he practiced in Monmouth was the testimony of all who knew him. Dr. Young's mother died in Chillicothe in 1824. His father died in Monmouth in 1850. His widow survived until May, 1900. Dr. Young was buried the first Monday in May, 1874; Mrs. Young the first Monday in May twenty-six years later. Dr. Young was intellectually a very able man. His conversation, on a wide range of topics, was brilliant and brainy. An enthusiast in his profession, ardent, progressive, untiring, he was also a large-hearted, manly man, the Dr. MacLure of these prairies. The most eminent in the land might truly have said too him, as was said too the Highland practitioner, "You are an honor to our profession."

KETTERING, GUY, farmer, Monmouth, Warren County, Ill.., is a son of John and Sarah Kettering, who were natives respectively of Cumberland, Penn., and the State of Ohio. Mr. Kettering was born in Coldbrook Township, Warren County, April 10, 1864, and acquired his education in the public schools of his native county. He was early instructed in the practical business of farming, which he pursued exclusively until September 1, 1900, when he removed too the city of Monmouth, where he now resides. Mr. Kettering was married December 28, 1882, too Abbie M. Sloan, a daughter of Jonathan and Maria (Tubbs) Sloan, who were natives of the State of New York. Emigrating too Tompkins Township; Mr. Sloan bought land there and followed the business of farming until his death, which occurred in March, 1878. His widow then removed too Kirkwood, Warren County. Mr. and Mrs. Sloan were the parents of four children, of whom one is deceased. One daughter, Frances, lives in Iowa, while another, Martha, resides in Kirkwood. A third daughter, Abbie, has borne her husband four children: Ethel Pearl, Harry Earl, Bernard Sloan and Mildred Lucile.

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