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The History of
Genesee County, MI Online Edition by Holice, Deb & Clayton |
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No move was made on the 22nd. Orders were here read to the
regiment giving the liberty to forage on the country and to appropriate
anything necessary for the sustenance of manor beast. "these orders
[said a letter written by a soldier of the Tenth] are generally lived up
to and often exceeded. The citizens, on hearing of our approach, take
everything of value to the woods and swamps and cover them with brush or
bury them in the ground. But the 'Yanks' were not long in discovering this
and but little is presumed to have escaped their notice. Sweet potatoes,
meal, flour, various kinds of liquor, tobacco, silk and even coin, were
thus unearthed from their hiding-places, and many a frolic was had by the
blue-coats at the confederates' expense.
"It was truly amusing to go ahead of the army proper and see the foragers' proceedings. They were as good as skirmishers and advance guards, and often were the only ones we had. They never failed to rout the rebels whenever and wherever found. Citizens could tell our approach long before the army came along, by the popping of guns, squealing of hogs and the noises of various farm fowls. Nothing escaped the forager's notice and but little that was serviceable to us eluded their grasp. When they came to a plantation they generally separated into small squads, each squad hunting for some special thing. As if taught by instinct that we meant them harm, all animals and fowls tried to secrete themselves or get out of reach of us. Hogs, sheep and cattle would take to the woods, fowls to the outbuildings and turkeys to the trees. But it was all of no avail. The enterprising and persistent Yankees prompted by hunger and the thoughts of a savory dish, were sure to procure good, but that order was only partially lived up to. Any animal which we could not corner and catch we shot, and when the fowls took to the trees or the tops of buildings the Enfield rifle was sure to being them down. Often would the fat turkey take shelter in the trees, and cry 'Quit, quit!' but there was no quit. Occasionally the foragers would find a lot of tobacco, honey or sorghum molasses. The there was a rush and scramble. To many a swarm of bees was no more an impediment to the getting of the honey than if they had been so many blue-flies. A crowd of soldiers might be seen around a barrel of molasses, the head knocked in, and they with their cups filling their canteens, coffee pots, little pails and every available kind of vessel that would hold the sweet fluid. At all hours of the day they might be seen coming in and taking their places in the ranks with face, hands and clothes besmeared with molasses and honey. To see them, one might think that they would stock to the Union or to anything else; and they would, too. Such was foraging in Georgia, and even more than can be described with the pen. Imagination must supply the rest." In the morning of November 23, at six o'clock, the regiment was again on the road and marched leisurely to within two miles of Milledgeville, where it rested for the night. About noon of the 24th it passed through Milledgeville, and at night the men built their fires eight miles beyond the town. Here the foragers brought in a ton and a half of captured flour found secreted in a swamp. On the 25th a distance of eleven miles was made and in the afternoon of the 26th the brigade reached Sandersville, the county seat of Washington county. The marches of the 27th and 28th brought the regiment to a camping place one mile south of Louisville, the county seat of Jefferson, where it remained for three days picketing and foraging. In the first five days of December the men of the Tenth marched sixty-three miles, and camped on the night of the 5th at Briar Creek, sixty miles from Savannah. During the 6th and 7th they made thirty-six miles, though continually impeded by timber felled across the road and bridges destroyed by the enemy, They had now entered the marshy country lying along the south side of the Savannah river. their march of the 8th was uneventful, but on the 9th they came upon a hostile battery of three guns so posted as to command a road or causeway over which they were compelled to pass through one of the swamps which were numerous in that region. The Second Illinois Battery was order into position and soon cleared up the road, but with the loss of one of its lieutenants killed. The rebel battery on its retreat encountered the Twentieth Army Corps and was captured. On the 10th the regiment, with its brigade, moved southward to the crossing of the Savannah & Charleston railroad, and went on picket in that vicinity. In the morning of the following day they marched nine miles south and took position in the Union line of investment four and a half miles from Savannah--one line being formed to face the city and another facing towards the country through which they had just passed. They had completed a distance of nine hundred and forty miles, marched since the 28th of September, and now sat down to the siege of Savannah. The city was defended by fifteen thousand to twenty thousand men behind exceedingly strong fortifications, and the artillery fire under which the Tenth, in common with other regiments, lay with continues day and might. On the 14th news was received of the capture and occupation of Ft. McAllister, south of the city. The first mail received by the regiment in a period of six weeks came to it here on the 17th. finally in the night of December 20-21, the enemy evacuated the city, and on the 21st the Tenth marched in. The regiment remained a little more than four weeks in Savannah, and on the 20th of January, 1865, it moved with the army up the right bank of the Savannah river bound north. It reached sister's Ferry on the Savannah with the other troops of the command, it crossed to the north side of the river. "Shouts and wild hurrahs rent the welkin as the feet of each successive regiment touched the soil of Carolina"--so wrote an officer of the Tenth who was present at this memorable crossing. The regiment remained here two days before moving north, and while here (February 6) the non-veterans of the Tenth wee mustered out of the service; just three years had expired since the completion of the original muster at camp Thomson. The regiment moved on the 8th and passed through south Carolina without the occurrence of any specially notable event in its own immediate experience. The march through this state was much the same as it had been through Georgia, excepting that here the foragers found a far less productive field and the track of the army was marked by a farm more general destruction of property than in Georgia; nearly all the buildings were burned and only the tall, naked chimney-stacks left standing; while all along the western and northwestern horizon great columns of smoke by day, and the red glow of conflagration by night told how the cavalry of Kilpatrick were wreaking their treasured vengeance against the Palmetto state. The Tenth Regiment reached Fayetteville, north Carolina, march 11, and was there slightly engaged in a skirmish with the enemy. On the 12th it cross the Cape Fear river, skirmishing at Averysboro, and on the 16th was again encamped at the same place, losing three men killed. Moving in advance of the corps on the 18th, six companies being deployed as skirmishers, they struck the enemy about noon and a lively skirmish ensued. The regiment was ordered to take position at the junction of the Smithfield and Goldsboro roads; during the night it was attacked, but repulsed the enemy and held its position until relieved by troops of the Twentieth Corps on the 19th; then it moved and formed on the right of the second line of battle at Bentonville. About four p. m., the enemy moved up in heavy masses and charged the first line, but was repulsed. Then the Tenth with a brigade moved forward to the first line and in a few minutes the enemy was discovered coming in on the left flank. The line was at once changed to the opposite side of the works, and, after pouring a volley into the ranks of the rebels they were charged and driven back with the bayonet; many prisoners and arms were taken. On the 20th the regiment skirmished during the entire day and night and on the 21st moved towards Goldsboro, reaching there on the 23rd. Moving from Goldsboro, it reached Smithfield April 10 and Raleigh, April 13. From Raleigh it moved to Avery's Ferry, forty-five miles above Fayetteville, and lay there from the 15th to the 21st of April, when it moved to Holly Springs, on the road to Raleigh. On the 28th it was at Morseville, North Carolina, and there received the announcement that its campaigning was over and the war ended by the surrender of Johnston. In its passage through the two Carolinas the regiment had sustained a loss of fifteen, killed, wounded and missing. Moving north on the 30th of April, the Tenth arrived at Richmond, Virginia, May 7; it remained there till the 10th when it marched on towards Washington, reaching there about the 16th. It took part in the grand review of General Sherman's army at the capital on the 24th. Moving on the 13th of June, it proceeded to Louisville, Ky., where it was mustered out of the service July 19, and ordered to Michigan. It reached Jackson on the 22nd and was paid off and discharged August 1, 1865. The length and severity of this regiment's marches during its term of service were remarkable. It is known that during 1862 and 1863 its foot marches aggregated sixteen hundred miles; that its marches in 1864 amounted to thirteen hundred and seventy-five miles, and those in 1865 to six hundred and twenty miles--a total of three thousand five hundred and ninety-five miles; this was exclusive of the distances accomplished by railroad and steamer. There were few, if any, regiments in the service whose marching record surpassed this. The brigade to which the Tenth was attached during the period of its remarkable marchings through Tennessee, Georgia and Alabama was quite generally known among the men of the Southwestern army as "Morgan's brigade of Davis's foot-cavalry," the division being that commanded by Gen.. Jeff C. Davis. |
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MEMBERS OF THE TENTH INFANTRY FROM GENESEE COUNTY. |
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| Name, Rank, Residence | Enlisted | Information |
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Maj. Henry S. Burnett, Goodrich |
Enlisted Nov. 16, 1863 |
Killed in battle at Jonesboro, Ga., Sept. 1, 1864 |
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Adj. Edwin F. Holmes, Fenton |
Enlisted May 8, 1865 |
Promoted to Capt. June 7, 1865; mustered out as Adj. |
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Surg. James C. Wilson, Flint |
Enlisted Dec. 7, 1861 |
Transferred Surg. 8th Regt. Michgian Vol. Inf. March 3, 1862. |
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Chap. Rev. Jesse S. Boyden, Flint |
Enlisted April 10, 1862 |
Resigned Aug. 31. 1862 |
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Sergt.-Major Edwin F. Holmes, Fenton |
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Quar.-Mas. Sergt. Gleason F. Perry, Flint |
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Promoted to 2d Lieut., Co. G |
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Company A. |
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Capt. Henry S. Burnett, Goodrich |
Enlisted Oct. 4, 1861 |
Promoted to Major, Nov. 16, 1863 |
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Capt. John Algoe, Flint |
Enlisted Aug. 26, 1864 |
Discharged for wounds, March 8, 1865. |
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2d. Lieut. Maxwell G. Cooley, Flint (Sergt.) |
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2d Lieut. Co. A March 31, 1863' Resigned Dec. 28, 1863. |
| PRIVATES | ||
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James Atherton, Argentine |
July 19, 1865 |
Mustered out |
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Jacob C. Bentley, Mundy |
April 4, 1865 |
Discharged at end of service. |
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Lampson Condon, Veteran, Argentine |
July 19, 1865 |
Mustered out |
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John Damon, Flint |
Sept. 20. 1862 |
Discharged for disability. |
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Charles Darby |
Feb. 6, 1864 |
Discharged to re-enlist as veteran |
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Judson Eney |
July 19, 1865 |
Mustered out |
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Albert Ervy, Argentine |
May 20, 1865 |
Discharged by order |
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Andrew Efferts |
Feb. 6, 1865 |
Discharged at end of service |
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Edward F. Fuller |
Feb. 6, 1865 |
Discharged at end of service |
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William Gove |
July 19, 1865 |
Mustered out |
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Elbert Hawley |
March 20, 1863 |
Died of disease at Deerfield, Mich. |
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Daniel B. Lacey |
April 10, 1864 |
Transferred to Vet. Res. Corps. |
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Charles Middlesworth |
July 2, 1862 |
Died of disease at Cincinnati, Ohio |
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Ethan Marsh |
March 10, 1862 |
Discharged for minority |
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George Miner |
Sept. 24, 1862 |
Discharged for disability. |
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Allen Norris, Argentine |
March 9, 1862 |
Died of disease, at Flint, Mich.. |
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Alexander O'Rourke, Burton, Veteran |
July 22, 1865 |
Discharged for disability. |
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Monroe Putnam, Argentine, Veteran |
July 29, 1865 |
Mustered out |
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Phillip Richardson |
March 13, 1863 |
Died of disease at Nashville, Tenn. |
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Miles J. Rood |
March 17, 1863 |
Discharged for disability |
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Charles Raubenger |
April 22, 1865 |
Discharge at end of service |
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Manly Wittem |
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Discharged |
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Marion Wittem, Mundy |
Dec. 23, 1862 |
Discharged for disability |
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History of Genesee
County, Michigan, Her People, Industries and Institutions |
Transcribed by Holice B. Young
HTML by Deb
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