Among the best known physicians of the early seventies in Flint was Doctor Bullock, who enjoyed an extensive practice. He was a man of research, and skill and invented what was known as "sweet quinine," which at one time had a very large sale and was manufactured on an extensive scale by a large drug firm in Detroit.

Dr. Thomas R. Buckham, a native of Chingacousy, Peel County, Ontario, and a graduate of Victoria University, Toronto, came to Flint in 1868 from Petrolia, Ontario, where he had enjoyed a successful practice for a number of years. He was of highly cultivated intellect, fond of the classics and well versed in them, and was the author of a work on insanity, considered in its medico-legal relations and mentioned elsewhere in this volume. After his death in 1891, his practice was continued by his son, Dr. James N. Buckham, a man of genial disposition and scholarly tastes, who was for many years division surgeon for the Grand Trunk railroad, and who passed away in Rochester, Minnesota, April 18, 1908.

Among the older physicians who practiced in Flint during the late seventies, and early eighties was Dr. a. a. Thompson. Born in Richmond, Vermont, in 1829, he attended a primitive school, and when he was eighteen years of age was sent to Oberlin college, where he graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, later receiving his Master of Arts diploma. A few years later the graduated from the medical department of the university of Michigan. He was professor of anatomy and chemistry in Olivet College for several years, after which he went into practice at Vermontville, Michigan. In 1862 he entered the army and acted as assistant surgeon in the Twelfth Michigan Infantry, remaining until the close of the war. In 1869 Doctor Thompson was elected to the state Legislature from Eaton County, after which he was appointed United States consul at Goodrich, Ontario, under President Grant. In 1878 he went to Long Island College Hospital, later locating in Flint, where he enjoyed a large practice for many years. His death occurred in 1892.

Among the older physicians who are residing in Flint, but not engaged in active practice, is Dr. Orson Millard, born near Rochester, Michigan in 1845, and a descendent of Millard Fillmore. Doctor Millard is a graduate of the University of Michigan and was engaged inactive practice in Flint for forty years. he was one of the founders of the Knights of the Loyal guard, a fraternal beneficiary society which had its inception in Flint, and was also the Democratic nominee for regent of the University of Michigan in 1905. Doctor Millard is a public-spirited citizen and has held many positions of honor and trust. At present he is a member of the board of trustees of Hurley Hospital.

Dr. Mabel B. King, of Flint, is probably the oldest practicing physician in Flint, being in vigorous health at the age of seventy-eight. She was born in Brimfield, Ohio, in 1838, and was a graduate of the Mt. Holyoke Young Ladies Seminary in Massachusetts. Later she graduated from the medical department of the University of Michigan, having been previously married to Dr. Robert L. King, himself a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania and later of the Pulta Medical College in Cincinnati. Both Dr. Robert King and his wife located in Fenton, where they practiced for twelve years, later coming to Flint, where Dr. Robert King died in 1890.

Dr. Noah Bates was also born in 1838 and is still living and actively engaged in professional duties. He was born in Norfolk county, Ontario , and was educated at Toronto University before entering the medical department of the University of Michigan. He practiced in Linden, Genesee county, for several years, later coming to Flint where his remaining years are being spent. Doctor Bates has been secretary of Genesee Lodge No. 174, Free and Accepted Masons, for more than a third of a century.

Dr. Orson W. Tock was born in Tompkins, new York, in 1845, coming with his parents to Michigan when a child. At the beginning of the war he enlisted in the Twenty-second Michigan Volunteer Infantry and while seeing service was captured as a prisoner at Chickamauga. The twenty-second Regiment went into action with about five hundred men and all that were not killed in this engagement were captured. With his health shattered, Doctor Tock returned to Michigan and soon afterwards entered the University of Michigan, where he graduated from the medical department in 1870. He afterwards took a post-graduate course at Bellevue Hospital, New York, and at Rush Medical College, Chicago. He enjoyed for many years a very extensive practice in flushing and throughout the county and was well known in medical circles throughout the state. His death occurred in 1914.

Dr. R. N. Murray was also among the veteran practitioners. He resided in Grand Blanc and Goodrich before coming to Flint, where, for a great number of years, he enjoyed an extensive practice; in later life, he was at the head of a private hospital. He was a graduate of Rush medical college. His death occurred in 1915.

Dr. Henry R. Case was born in 1848 in Oakland County and was a graduate of the national Medical college of Washington, D. C. He entered upon the practice of his profession at Grand Blanc, where he remained for many years. his wife was a daughter of C. W. D. Gibson, one of the early settlers of Grand Blanc township. In later life Doctor Case practiced in Flint, where his death occurred in 1908.

Of the older physicians who have died during the past decade or so, have been Dr. L. N. Beagle, for many years a resident of Pine run and Clio, Genesee County, and for many years a practicing physician in Flint; Dr. Hiram H. Bardwell, once elected to the state Legislature and for many years a successful practitioner in Mt. Morris, who came to Flint in the early eighties and remained here until his death in 1915, and Dr. Bela Cogshall, who died in 1914, after practicing his profession in Gaines, Genesee County, and after ward for many years in Flint.

Dr. Andrew Slaght, of Grand Blanc, was among the best known of the physicians practicing in this locality and was born in Simcoe County, Ontario, in 1832. Doctor Slaght was a graduate of the University of Michigan and took an active part in the affairs of Genesee County. His two sons followed in their father's steps and are practicing physicians in the same township.

Dr. L. E. Knapp was another of the well-known older physicians, being born in Salem, Michigan, in 1842, and practicing in Linden and Fenton for many years. he was a graduate of the Homeopathic Hospital College of Cleveland, Ohio.

Dr. C. L. Howell was born in Hillsdale, Michigan, in 1841 and was a graduate of Rush Medical College, of Chicago. He enlisted in Company G, Second Michigan Cavalry, and saw a great deal of service during the Civil War. He was engaged in the battles of new Madrid, Corinth, Perryville, Murfressboro, Nashville Chattanooga and Chickamauga. At Franklin his horse was shot from beneath him, but he escaped injury. He took part in the Wilson raid and was promoted to second lieutenant. Before coming to Flint he practiced for a number of years at Goodrich, Genesee County. His death occurred in 1893.

Dr. Rachael J. Davison was born in Grand Blanc Township and was the daughter of Paul Davison, a native of Lima, new York, who settled in Grand Blanc Township in 1837. He was an old Jacksonian Democrat, a highly educated and well-reared man. Doctor Davison inherited from her father a brilliant mind and during her active professional life in Flint was prominently identified with the educational interests of the county. She was a member of the school board for a number of terms and at great personal sacrifice assisted a number of young men in securing university educations. Doctor Davison, during her later years, took an active interest in the good roads movement, and was directly responsible for the placing of signs on all country roads in Genesee County. She was a graduate of the Homeopathic Hospital College at Cleveland, Ohio, and died in Flint in 1914.

Dr. G. V. Chamberlain was born in South Easton, Pennsylvania, in 1849. He was a graduate of the Detroit College of Medicine and began his practice in Genesee County in 1884, locating in Flint. He became a partner of Dr. a. A. Thompson, this association lasting up until the death of Doctor Thompson. Doctor Chamberlain enjoyed a large practice in Flint and vicinity for thirty-one years, his death occurring in 1915. Dr. G. W. Howland, a native of Genesee County, was one of the active practitioners in Flint during the eighties. He was a graduate of the University of Michigan. His death was the result of a runaway accident, and occurred in 1900.

Dr. George C. Palmer, a resident of Flint from 1891 until his death in 1894, was native of Stonington, Connecticut. Born in 1839, his young manhood was spent in New England, where he received his academic education. Later he came west and in 1864 graduated from the medical department of the University of Michigan. Shortly afterwards he received the appointment of assistant physician at the Michigan Asylum for the Insane at Kalamazoo. Later he was made assistant and then superintendent of the same institution. When the "Crapo Grove" in Flint was purchased by the incorporators of Oak Grove Hospital for a private sanitarium, Doctor Palmer was invited to become its medical director. This position he filled until his death.

Dr. Colonel B. burr, the present able head of Oak grove hospital, was born at Lansing, Michigan, in 1856. His literary education was received at the University of Michigan, his medical training at Columbia university. Before coming to Flint, in 1894, he was for some years medical superintendent of the Michigan Asylum for the Insane at Pontiac. He is the author of a work on insanity, mentioned elsewhere in this volume, and is also the author of a number of scientific pamphlets along the lines of his specialty, which have been read before meetings of state and national medical societies, and printed in their journals.

Doctor Burr has served as president of the Michigan State Medical society and of the American Medico-psychological Association.

Among the best known of the later physicians was Dr. E. R. Campbell, who won an enviable reputation in his profession during his residence in Flint. He was born in Port Perry, Ontario, and received his medical training at Toronto University. Doctor Campbell came to Flint in 1890 from ST. Ignace, Michigan, and during his resident in Flint was married to Miss Margery Durant, daughter of W, C. Durant, and great-granddaughter of Henry H. Crapo, one of the early governors of Michigan. Doctor Campbell now makes his home in New York City.

Directors