tion. Throughout the years of wedded life she was linked with her husband so truly that she was a sharer in more than name in all the happenings and events of his life, rejoicing in his successes, cheering and sustaining in the time of threatened defeat and actual trial, and throughout his sickness her presence was a necessity to him, a source of support and renewed strength, by which he was the better enabled to bear the pain and weakness of this last trial.

EORGE W. LEE, merchant and Postmaster at Emerald, in Middle Creek Township, came to the latter in 1874 and purchased 320 acres of land comprising the north half of section 16. Of this, seventy acres were broken, and upon it stood a small shanty which served as an excuse for a dwelling, and which our subject occupied with his family until he could do better. Here he lived and labored until 1883, effecting a radical change in the condition of the soil, building fences, putting up a residence, a barn and other structures required for the successful prosecution of his calling, and remained there until changing his residence to the village of Emerald. He then purchased ground, erected a set of frame buildings, including a residence and a store, and has since carried on mercantile business.
   Like a large portion of the solid men about him, Mr. Lee is an emanation of the Empire State, having been born in Florence Township, Stephenson County, Aug. 10, 1840. His father, Lorenzo Lee, was a native of Barre, Worcester Co., Mass., as also was his paternal grandfather, Seth Lee, and his great-grandfather, Gen. Samuel Lee. The latter held a commission in the Continental army during the Revolutionary War, and was an expert in military tactics. At the close of that memorable struggle, he still remained connected with the State Militia, and spent the remainder of his life in Massachusetts.
   This branch of the Lee family was first represented in America by one John Lee, who was born in England, and crossed the Atlantic in 1635. Settling at Ipswich, he there carried on farming, married, and reared a family. Among his sons was Seth, who, in addition to the pursuit of agriculture read law, was admitted to the bar, and practiced his profession in his native State of Massachusetts, where he spent his entire life. He had married in early manhood Miss Annie Patrick, a native of Brimfield, Mass., who spent her last years at the home of her daughter, Mrs. Thurston, of Worcester.
   Lorenzo Lee, the father of our subject, was reared to farm pursuits in Massachusetts, whence he migrated when a young man to New York State, and became a clerk in the mercantile establishment of his elder brother, where he continued several years. In 1835 he emigrated to Illinois, spending one year at Rockford, among its earliest settlers, and being occupied at milling. He had been in Illinois but a few months when he purchased the water power near Freeport, put up a sawmill, and operated this until 1847. Then selling out, he located a farm in Florence Township, and carried on agriculture until his death, which occurred Jan. 2, 1860.
   The father of our subject in journeying to the West proceeded by the Hudson River route to the Erie Canal, thence to Buffalo, and by a lake vessel to Chicago. The present great metropolis of the West was then but a trading-post composed of a few clumsily built wooden houses, and here Lorenzo Lee hired a team and drove to Rockford. There were then no railroads west of New York State, and none built as far as Freeport for many years thereafter. The marketing of the people of that section, was done around the lead mines at Galena and at Chicago. Lorenzo Lee lived to see the country well developed, and the section of country over which he traveled when a wilderness transformed into productive fields and beautiful homesteads. These changes he noted with the satisfaction felt by every intelligent man who takes pride in the land of his nativity, and as far as in him lay, contributed his share in bringing about this happy condition of affairs.
   The parental household of our subject included four children--Harriet, George W., Lorenzo H. and John T.--all of whom are living, and residents of Illinois and Nebraska. Our subject, in common with his brothers, was early in life taught habits of industry and. economy, and acquired a fair education at the district school. He continued under the

home roof until the death of his father, then rented a farm in Stephenson County, Ill., where he carried on agriculture until 1865. Then, becoming somewhat wearied of the monotony of farm life, he abandoned it for a time to take up carpentering, and after pursuing this trade seven years resumed farming in Stephenson County until 1874. The spring of this year witnessed his advent in this county.
   Mr. Lee, while a resident of Illinois, was united in marriage with Miss Addie M. Spencer, the wedding taking place at the home of the bride in Florence, Stephenson Co., Ill., Oct. 11, 1871. Of this union there is one child only, a daughter, Mary W., who was born March 4,1873, in Illinois. Mrs. Addie M. Lee is a native of Newport, Herkimer Co., N. Y., and was born Oct. 23, 1842. Her parents, James D. and Agnes (Berry) Spencer, were natives of New York State, and are now living in Nebraska. Our subject, politically, votes the straight Republican ticket.

OUGLAS HOWARD. The subject of this notice is of Southern birth, having first opened his eyes to the light in White County, Tenn., April 14, 1831. His father, Ignatius Howard, was born in Cumberland Gap, that State, where he was reared to manhood and lived until his son Douglas was a little lad five years of age. Then, with his wife and ten children he started for the new State of Illinois, making the journey overland with ox-teams.
   The father of our subject located in McDonough County, the Prairie State, where he purchased a claim and lived upon it for a period of eighteen months. The results not being satisfactory he again gathered together his family and his earthly possessions, and pushed his way westward across the Mississippi into the Territory of Iowa. There he settled in Benton Township, Des Moines County, at a time when the cabins of the pioneers were few and far between. As before he purchased a claim from the Government, upon which no improvements had been made, and his first business was to put up a shelter for his family. This was constructed of logs after the primitive fashion of those times, and being a stonemason, it was provided with a pretentious stone chimney and fireplace.
   This was before the days of stoves, and the mother performed her cooking operations for a number of years before the fireplace. Like the other matrons of those times she also spun and wove wool and flax, and thus manufactured the cloth required for the family. Ignatius Howard labored with sturdy industry to build up a home from the wilderness, and succeeded in his laudable ambition, surrounding himself and his family with many comforts. Finally, however, becoming dissatisfied he returned to Illinois and located in Henderson County, where his death took place in May, 1871.
   After the death of her husband Mrs. Mary (Duncan) Howard moved to California, and makes her home in Sacramento County with her son and daughter. She also is a native of Tennessee. She has attained the advanced age of eighty-five years.
   Douglas Howard was five years of age when his parents removed from Tennessee to Illinois, and went with them to Iowa eighteen months later. He remembers distinctly many of the incidents of pioneer life, when deer, wolves and wild turkeys were plentiful, roaming unrestrained over the country which has now been transformed into cultivated fields and valuable homesteads. He attended the pioneer schools, which were conducted on the subscription plan in the typical log school-house. Amid those wild scenes he developed into a strong and sturdy manhood, and was well fitted for the future struggle of life.
   Mr. Howard resided with his parents until 1859, then crossed the plains to the present site of Denver, when there was not a single house upon the ground which is now occupied by one of the most flourishing cities of the West. He engaged in mining from May until October, then returned overland, spent the winter in Iowa, and in the spring of 1860 went back to the mountains and worked in the mines until fall. The year following he repeated the experiment of the former. In the fall of 1864 he returned to Iowa, spending the winter following, and in the spring rented a farm in Fremont County. After gathering in the crops he repaired to Illinois and located upon his father's

farm in Henderson County, where he lived three years, then purchased a farm in Hancock County. Of the latter he remained a resident until October, 1881, then coming to Southern Nebraska purchased the farm of 160 acres which he now owns and occupies.
   The property of our subject includes the southwest quarter of section 14, which he has brought to a good state of cultivation. He has good buildings and machinery, with live stock, fruit and shade trees, and all the other appurtenances to complete the comfort of the rural citizen. A little over twenty years ago, April 11, 1868, he was united in marriage with Miss Melissa A. Jackson, who was born in Benton Township, Des Moines Co., Iowa, Sept. 21, 1838. The parents of Mrs. Howard were Nehemiah and Lucy (Pond) Jackson, natives of Vermont, and now deceased. Her brother, E. F. Jackson, is represented elsewhere in this work. She is a lady attentive to all her duties as a mother and housewife, and of her union with our subject there have been born five children, namely: Ira D., Lucy A., Hattie M., Luther W. and Russell P. The eldest of these is seventeen years of age and the youngest eight. Mr. and Mrs. Howard were members of the Baptist Church, in Illinois. Mr. H., politically, is a stanch Democrat.

ILLIAM FROHN, whose farm is situated on section 22, Centerville Precinct, is a native of the Kingdom of Prussia, and was born in that country in the town of Muggenhausen, in the vicinity of Cullen, Nov. 29, 1839. His father was Gotfried Frohn, a native of North Germany, who was by occupation a blacksmith. His wife, the mother of our subject, to whom he was married in the year 1838, was Cecelia Klank, of the town of Muggenhausen. The family included five children.
   In about 1849 our subject's parents emigrated to America and were accompanied, of course, by William. Passage was taken in a sailing-vessel from Bremen, and after an ocean voyage of forty-six days they landed in New York City, thankful that the ceaseless motion, the sickness, the discomfort, the cramped cabin, and the monotony of the voyage, were over. Almost immediately upon landing the family started for Iowa and took land in Clayton County, where they were among the first settlers. Here our subject was reared to manhood and received the finishing of his education, which had been begun about four years before in Germany. Our subject has two brothers and one sister living--Gotfried, Henry and Mary.
   The chosen occupation of our subject, and the one which he has followed since his Clayton schooldays, is that of husbandry, and his life has mostly been spent in pioneer districts of Iowa and Nebraska. He was married, on the 14th of June, 1860, to Amelia Kreuger, a lady who has brought into his daily experience the refining inspirations which were in the original design of the Great Creator to exist under those circumstances, and doubtless, to these are due, to more or less extent, the success which has crowned the effort and labor of our subject.
   Ten children have come to &race the home and augment the felicity of the life of our subject and wife. Of these seven are living, and exhibit those qualities and traits of character that promise an honorable and prosperous life. Their names are recorded as follows: William, Mary, Ernestine, Cecelia, Henry, Hubert and Amelia. Mrs. Frohn is the daughter of Frederick Kreuger, and was born in the town of Westfarland, on the 27th of March, 1841. Her parents were natives of Westfarland, and were enabled to give to their daughter such education and home training as to fit her for her present sphere.
   Our subject is the owner of 400 acres of excellent land, which he has brought to its present state of cultivation from its natural condition; has erected thereon the pleasant and comfortable farm dwelling which is his home, and the usual other buildings. He is a man of restless energy, ambition and large general information, and has acquired much specific knowledge in the line of his chosen calling. He is just one of those German-American citizens who seek to understand and fully appreciate the institutions and government of the country, and devotes much careful thought to the questions of current interest, and regulates his voting, not so much by

the question of party, as that of principle and requirement. Both our subject and family are deeply attached to the Roman Catholic Church, and at among its best members. The reputation of our subject for honor, candor and integrity, is of the very highest throughout the community. He is accordingly esteemed and respected.

ILBERT B. GARLOCK. The home surroundings and the daily life of the subject of this biography illustrate the pleasing feattires of a career which has been more than ordinarily interesting and prosperous, and among the prominent features of which is his uniform character, comprising all the better elements of manhood, both as a citizen and the father of a family. Among the other good things which have fallen to his lot, he was particularly fortunate in the selection of a life companion, the lady who now bears his name having been the efficient helpmate of her husband in all his worthy undertakings, looking well to the ways of her household, and adding to the immediate precincts of home those embellishments which have so much to do with its comfort and happiness. Both are genial, enterprising and public-spirited, taking a warm interest in whatever is calculated to advance the welfare of their neighbors and the community at large. As representatives of the pioneer element of Southern Nebraska, Mr. and Mrs. Garlock stand in the front rank, and enjoy the esteem and confidence of a large number of its people.
   The Garlock family was represented in the Empire State several generations ago, and the father of our subject, Andrew by name, was born there in Seward County, where he was reared to manhood and married one of the maiden associates of his youth, Miss Mary France. The mother, also a native of Seward County, there spent her entire life, and passed away in 1841, when her son, our subject, was a little lad eleven years of age. The father is still living, and was born Dec. 2, 1798. They were the parents of eight children, of whom Gilbert B. was the fifth in order of birth.
   Our subject, like his parents, was also a native of Seward County, N. Y., and began life on the 3d of December, 1830. He was at an early age taught those habits of industry which have clung to him during a period of fifty years and which have been the secret of his success. Although acquiring but a common-school education, being bright and observant he was more than ordinarily intelligent, and began at an early stage in his existence to lay his plans for the future. He remained with his father during his childhood and youth, assisting him on the farm, but at the age of twenty-two we find him at the head of a family consisting of a wife and child. Being ambitions for them as well as himself, he determined to seek a broader field for operation in some of the rising districts of the West.
   Our subject upon leaving the Empire State proceeded first to Chicago, Ill., where for a period of three years he was employed as engineer on the Galena & Chicago Railroad, now the Northwestern.
   His next residence was in Freeport, Stephenson County, where he was foreman of the roundhouse until 1866. In May, 1871, he made his way across the Father of Waters to this county, and being pleased with the face of the country, purchased 160 acres of land on section 12, in Grant Precinct. It was a wild, uncultivated tract and his neighbors were few and far between, but he had the good sense and judgment to recognize that in the near future Southern Nebraska was destined to be the resort of an intelligent and progressive class of people. He therefore armed himself to brave the difficulties before him, and with somewhat limited means and other disadvantages commenced the improvement of his purchase, while at the same time having to provide for the wants of a growing family.
   Mr. and Mrs. Garlock worked unitedly in the building up of their homestead, and in due time saw springing around them, one by one, the buildings and other conveniences necessary for comfort. In addition to general farming they set out fruit and shade trees, and in due time put up a neat and substantial dwelling. In addition to his farm of eighty acres, which comprises the homestead, Mr. Garlock has other property in the county, and enjoys from the whole a comfortable income. Both he and his excellent wife are members in good standing of the United Brethren Church, and have always been noted for their hospitality, their home

having been the resort in times gone by of many a wayfarer, thankful for a shelter.
   The hearts and fortunes of Mr. and Mrs. Garlock were united for life in Seward County, N. Y., over thirty-seven years ago, on the 19th of February, 1851. Mrs. G. was in her girlhood Miss Lucinda Brazie, and she was born in Cherry Valley, Otsego County, that State, Oct. 23, 1830. Her parents, Francis and Hannah (Lowell) Barzie, were also natives of the Empire State, the father of French ancestry and the mother of New England stock. They followed farming all their lives, the last years of which were spent in Otsego County, N. Y., the father passing away in 1848 and the mother in 1851. Their family consisted of nine children, Mrs. Garlock being the second born. She was carefully trained in all the household duties by a most excellent mother, and acquired as good in education as the common schools of that time afforded, remaining under the home roof until her marriage.
   To our subject and his wife there were born three children, the eldest of whom, a bright little daughter, Mary E., died at Chicago at the age of four and one-half years. William D., the elder son, married Miss Addie Aldrich, and is now occupied making brick in Broken Bow, this State; Francis A., named after his maternal grandfather, married Miss Nettie Garten, and is now engaged in real-estate business in Cheyenne County. In 1868 our subject and his wife identified themselves with the United Brethren Church, in Harlem Center, Stephenson Co., Ill., to the support of which they have been cheerful and liberal contributors. Politically, Mr. Garlock affiliates with the Republican party, and for a period of five years has been Overseer of Highways.

HARLES D. PITCHER, of the firm of Hardy & Pitcher, wholesale and retail dealers in furniture, one of the most reliable houses in the city, whose establishment is on Eleventh street, between M and N streets, is one of the most promising and enterprising of the young business men Lincoln, who have recently stepped in to aid their elders in the management of the great commercial interests which are every day becoming more extensive in this growing and prosperous city.
   Mr. Pitcher was born in Tioga County, N. Y., Oct. 30, 1861, and is a son of Daniel M. and Elizabeth (Young) Pitcher, natives respectively of Connecticut and New York. His father is a prominent citizen of Owego, N. Y., where he is extensively engaged in the wool business. He is widely known throughout that portion of New York, and is very influential in county affairs, being often called upon to hold some responsible office. He has been Supervisor of Owego for some years. and is President of the Owego National Bank of that town. He is a man of great financial ability, sound wisdom, and of unblemished reputation, his fellow-citizens placing in him the most implicit trust. He is a pillar of strength in the Presbyterian Church, of the place where he resides, and for several years has been an Elder in that denomination. His wife, a woman whose charitable and sweet disposition has gained her many warm friends, is also an esteemed member of that church. Her marriage with Mr. Pitcher has been blessed to them by the birth of three children--Mary M., Lucy and Charles D. Mary, who was educated at Cornell University, N. Y., is a teacher of Latin and Greek in the Lincoln High School, having been in that position for two years; Lucy is the wife of C. C. Van Kirk, a prominent lawyer of Ithaca, N. Y.
   Charles D. Pitcher, of this sketch, was reared in his native State, receiving a substantial education. He early displayed a marked aptitude for business, which was fostered by a practical training in his father's wool business. The great Western State of Nebraska, "this paradise of possibilities," as it has been aptly termed, with its rapidly growing industries, and its varied and wonderful resources, possessed for our subject a strong fascination, and in 1883 he resolved to make his home within its borders, and win for himself a name and place. among the business men whose enterprise and energy are carrying on the great commercial schemes that are enriching and developing the State. Soon after coming here Mr. Pitcher formed a partnership with Mr. Hardy, who succeeded his father, H. W. Hardy, in this business, which was established by him in 1870. Under the prestige of the old name

of that well-known and honored merchant, our subject and his partner commenced under the most auspicions circumstances, and by their honorable dealings, close attention to their business, and courteous and considerate treatment of their customers, they have not only retained the good-will of the old patrons of the house, but have greatly extended their trade so as to include all parts of the State, and they carry a large stock to meet all demands.
   Mr. Pitcher was united in marriage to Miss Cori Kennard, March 23, 1887. She is a native of Nebraska, born in 1863, and is a daughter of T. P. Kennard. The latter is one of the most prominent men of this State, has held the office of Secretary of State, and many other important and responsible positions.
   Our subject is a member of the secret society, the Order of Elks, being one of the Trustees of that society. Mr. and Mrs. Pitcher move in the highest social circles of this city, and often entertain friends in their hospitable and pleasant home. Religiously, he is member of the Presbyterian Church, contributes liberally to its support, and is an active worker within its fold; politically, he is an ardent Republican, and is a leader among the young men of that party in this city.

HOMAS BARRETT. The island which lies like a beautiful green emerald in the setting of the mighty Atlantic, which afforded the first refuge and offered the first hospitalities to the Christian missionaries who had journeyed far to bring their pure and holy religion to the untutored aborioines of the islands which now form the kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, has also given to the world many men whose nobleness of life and work, brilliancy of intellect in things legal and literary, in affairs military and political, has given to this country many of her noblest sons, noble sons of a noble race.
   In the present sketch are presented some features in the life of Thomas Barrett, a native of Ireland, now the owner and successful operator of the beautiful farm of 240 acres situated on section 21, West Oak Precinct. He is the son of James Barrett, who was likewise born in Erin's Isle, about the beginning of the present century. He never left his native land, and was all his life a farmer. He married Miss Mary Brown, the daughter of Edmund Brown, who was born in 1805, and lived upon the home farm until her marriage. Their union was brightened by the birth of ten children, of whom eight are living, our subject being the only one who came to America. Mr. Barrett died in 1883, his wife preceding him in the year 1878.
   Our subject was born in County Cork, Aug. 15, 1824, receiving his education in the parish school, after which he worked with his father until the time he came to this country, in 1847, making his first home in Connecticut, where he continued for some years. While there he made the acquaintance of a lady who presented to him all the desirable characteristics of womanhood, and on Sunday, Nov. 25, 1853, he was married to Julia Hogan. They continued to reside in that State until 1859, when they removed to Warren County, Ill., where our subject took land and continued in agricultural pursuits. Here he made his home until three years ago, and on the 1st of March, 1885, he, with his family, arrived in Lincoln, purchased the present property and started in their new home. It was at that time in its natural wild and undeveloped state, without stick or shrub of any kind upon it. The prosperity of our subject in his former home and the reward of his previous efforts are shown in the fact that he immediately laid out for its improvement upward of $4,000, and has also erected a beautiful house, which is hardly equaled in the district. There is also to be found a large and commodious barn, conveniently arranged and solidly built, to say nothing about the beautiful orchard, which promises to return richly all the labor bestowed upon it. Of shade trees there are an abundance; of maples alone our subject has set out over 2,000. By the aid of the accompanying engraving the reader will be the better enabled to realize some of these beauties, which are there so ably portrayed by the artist.
   Although devoting much time and a large part of his farm to the growth of wheat and other cereals, our subject finds time also to give much careful study to the interest of stock-raising, and in his