Reformed Church, of Holland, Lancaster County, and is also an active member of the Young Men's Christian Association, of Hickman. He votes with the Republican party, and has been a delegate to the County Convention at Lincoln. As a testimony to his strict business integrity and honorable conduct he has been elected Assessor of South Pass Precinct for three years, and has served as a member of the Highway Committee for six years. At present he is filling the honorable position of Chairman of the Village Board, and is also the School Moderator of Hickman, having been instrumental in the advancement of the educational facilities of the place.

OHN E. B. GRAHAM. About twenty miles from the city of Lincoln, upon section 23, West Oak Precinct, has one of the finest farms in the precinct. The house also, is perhaps, the most pleasantly situated. It is the home and property of the subject of this sketch. The house stands upon an elevation which commands a very fine view of the surrounding country, and, standing in its open doorway upon a clear day, the sun can be seen gilding the dome of the capitol at Lincoln. Turning from the glories which Nature has scattered with lavish hand all around this delightful residence, we are most agreeably surprised to find that the old pioneer home is a thing of the past. Its internal decorations and furnishing are suggestive of refinement and culture, and indicative of the true home, with all the wealth of meaning with which that word is endowed.
   The owner of the above delightful property and residence was born June 25, 1826, in Juniata County, Pa., in which place he also received the rudiments of his education, which was afterward somewhat more completed in Cumberland County, where his father moved when he was about fourteen years of age. When he had finished with the school books he passed immediately to learn the duties and work of the farm, under the tuition of his father, whom he continued to assist until his marriage.
   It was on the 1st of March, 1855, that the hopes and desires of our subject and Miss Kate Hemminger were consummated in plighted faith and recorded vows, which bound them as one until death should separate. Their union has been gladdened by the advent of eleven children, of whom six sons and two daughters are still living--John A. S., Thomas T., Jacob H., Mary N., Samuel L., Edmond B., Fannie E. and George H.
   From the time of marriage until the year 1869, our subject continued to reside on the old homestead and to work the home farm, but at that time he turned westward, settled at Lincoln, and continued to reside there for three years, after which, in 1872, he purchased his present property, now one of the finest in the district, but then a barren waste of untamed prairie, which has only been subdued by unremitting effort, persistent energy, judicious expenditure, and intelligent, careful planning. Our subject is a general farmer, and very prosperous in that line, but finds time for the improvement of stock, to which he is devoting more attention, with the purpose of going into stock farming. He is the owner of a herd of sixty Short-horns, several beautiful brood mares, beside other stock. He has also set out an extensive and well-selected orchard of apple and other fruit trees, while those of the shade and forest variety have not been forgotten.
   The wife of our subject was born in Cumberland County, Pa., May 13, 1829. Her education was obtained in the usual institution of her native town. She continued to live at home until her marriage. This most estimable lady is the daughter of John and Eliza Hemminger. Her father was born in Pennsylvania in the year 1788, and died June 12, 1878, having, with the exception of one decade completed the century's cycle. While in his youth he removed with his parents to Cumberland County, Pa., and there he continued to work a large farm through the greater part of his active days, when he removed to Carlisle, and enjoyed the rest and quiet which he had so well earned. His wife was Eliza Heagy, who, after having borne the responsibilities and trials of life, and having the joy of seeing her twelve children started in life, went to her long home Sept. 1, 1884.
   The father of our subject was John Graham, born in Juniata County, Pa., about the year 1780, removing to Cumberland County, same State, in 1840

where he continued to reside until 1866, when he went to his rest, at the age of eighty-seven years. His lifelong occupation was that of farming, in which he had been fairly prosperous. The partner of his life was Miss Polly Turbett, who was born about the year 1788, and died Sept. 1, 1861. Their home circle comprised twelve children, and it was their privilege to bring all but one of them to maturity.
   Of the children of our subject, the eldest was united in marriage with Mary Griffith. who has borne him three children; their home is in Oak Precinct. The second son has become the husband of Josie Lineback; Mary is now the wife of Mr. James Griffith, and has become the mother of two children; their residence is in Colorado. Mrs. Graham is a very consistent and most highly esteemed member of the Raymond Presbyterian Church.
   Politically, our subject is a strong adherent of Republican principles, and is a firm supporter of the "grand old party." He has for some time past held the office of School Director. As a citizen, he receives the highest regard of the community, both on account of his character as an individual and citizen, and also in recognition of his efforts in behalf of the community generally.

OHN D. MULVANE. The traveler in Switzerland, as he stands at the foot of the mountain prepared for the ascent, frequently looks up among the peaks and crags in admiration and surprise, but as he ascends, and reaches some point far above the valley, one of the many and tortuous windings of the path suddenly reveals to him a plateau, where a far greater surprise is his than that experienced at the foot of the mountain, for here he sees a prosperous village with fields, flocks and pasture. He asks himself, how came those here? and is still more surprised when told that the happiness and prosperity before him is the result of the labor of generations, as year after year has passed, and the cottagers have brought, basket by basket, the rich soil from the valley to the plateau.
   How truly the above represents and explains the prosperity and happiness of some whom we meet upon the plateau of life; they have toiled, and generations before them have toiled, to deposit upon the hard rock, basket by basket, until what had been hard and repellant in life has been made to blossom like a garden, and has been wreathed with the smiles of happy prosperity. In the biography of John D. Mulvaue, owner of a fine farm on section 25, West Oak Precinct, comprising 160 acres of first-class bottom land, we have, perhaps, a case in point.
   The grandfather of our subject, John Mulvane, was born in Virginia, but removed to what is now Oxford Township, Tuscarawas Co., Ohio, which was then a very wilderness, given over to the occupancy of such animals as the bear, wolf, deer, antelope, and many others of the same ilk. He here took several hundred acres of land, and went to work steadily and heartily, improved and cultivated a farm, raised large quantities of stock of various kinds, and was considered at that time a very large operator. His family numbered six children, comprising five sons and one daughter, and when Newcomerstown was established, he was the first one to open a place of business in the same, which was given to his two eldest sons to conduct. During the War of 1812 he served his country in the ranks.
   The second son of John Mulvane was born in 1809, and was reared upon the homestead in Oxford Township, and received his education in the old pioneer log school-house. As soon as he was through with schooling he was put to farm work, which he continued, with the exception of the time taken in the construction of the Ohio Canal, upon which he was employed with his two brothers, and was appointed overseer of the work. This over, he went back to the farm of his father until his marriage, in 1834. The lady of his choice was Sarah Ann Dean, the daughter of Col. John Dean, a native of Virginia, but resident of Coshocton County, Ohio. Their union has been blessed by the birth of five children, three of whom still survive. Shortly after his marriage he received of his father 160 acres, and purchased an additional 100 acres, covered with heavy timber, situated in Coshocton County, upon the Tuscarawas River. Here he proceeded with the arduous work of hewing from the domain of the forest a home for himself and bride.

It was of the usual material and form, and its furnishing comprised what was necessary for their use, luxuries being very seldom found in the log cabins of that day.
   Col. John Dean, father of Mrs. Mulvane, was born in Virginia, and in 1818 purchased a farm in Ohio and removed to it. At this time his daughter Sarah Ann was in her third year, having been born on the 24th of December, 1815. In the new home he set to work, and speedily had 400 acres under cultivation, and afterward erected a very comfortable farm dwelling, a large frame barn, beside other needed buildings for the farm and stock. He continued his residence upon this property until his death, in 1852. He was intensely devoted to the welfare of Methodism, and his house was the headquarters for the preachers and other workers of that communion. and not infrequently did the home do duty for meeting-house and church.
   John D. Mulvane, our subject, was born in Coshocton County, Dec. 26, 1835, and was the eldest child of John M. Mulvane, and was seventeen years of age it the death of his father. He was the recipient--thanks to his parents--of a first-class school education, and upon its completion worked upon his father's farm until he became of age, about which time he was married. The lady to whom he was united, and who has stood with him through the subsequent years, was Matilda F. Mardis, a daughter of William Mardis, a school and music teacher and farmer. To them have been given six children, five of whom are living, and are named as follows: Casius M., Ozro H., Orin E., Frank E., William and Emma I.
   After his marriage our subject took his father's farm until 1866, when he removed to Edgar County, Ill., and bought a farm, which was it that time slightly improved. With this work our subject progressed until the whole had been brought into good condition, and in 1875 he sold his property, came to Nebraska and bought his present farm, at that time in a state of native wildness. He set to work, and speedily had made quite a change in the appearance of things. His house and farm buildings were put up substantially, and with more regard for comfort and convenience than to the tricks and fashions of the professional architect.
   There were very few houses in the district, and he had only three neighbors within a circle of five miles, with the exception of Indians, of whom there were plenty, wolves and wild-cats and other animals, moved in large numbers over the prairie in all their native untutored and untamed savagery., occasionally causing considerable trouble. Shortly after he purchased this farm, and just as his first lot of wheat and corn was preparing to make its bow with a good grace, the whole farm was covered, in common with the district generally, with grasshoppers, who devoured everything green that was to be seen. The only crop our subject could raise that year for home use was some late corn planted on the 20th of June, after the grasshoppers had retired.
   Of the children of our subject, the eldest married Miss Kate Martin, is a miller by trade, located at Cedar Creek, Cass County, and is the parent of one child; Orin is the husband of Emma S. Kimball, is located at Strang, of this State, and is a practitioner of medicine, of the same place. Mrs. Mulvane is the daughter of William F. Mardis, and was born in Guernsey County, Ohio, on the 8th of October, 1837. It was her misfortune to be left motherless at the age of five years. From that time until her marriage she made her home with her sister in Tuscarawas County, where she was educated and afterward met our subject. Her father was born in Maryland, removing with his parents to Virginia when a boy, where he continued to reside until he became of age, when he struck out for himself and took a farm in Steubenville, Ohio. Just previous to this he had been married to Miss Frances Bell, and they became the parents of thirteen children, all of whom lived to attain the age of majority; nine are still living, and two or those who are dead met their fate in battle. Mr. Mardis died in February, 1865.
   Our subject had three brothers who served in the army in the late war, and came through unscathed, although, strange to relate, his brother Daniel died the day following his being mustered out. After years of toil, labor, danger and struggle, Mr., Mulvane is enjoying the pleasantness and quiet of a more retired life, reaping the benefit of previous years. He has sown a life of activity and upright-

ness and is reaping the reward of continued health and prosperity, and is recognized in the community as one of its early pioneers, farmers and stockraisers, honorable in all his dealings, and worthy of the highest regard. He is a lifelong member, as is also his wife, of the Presbyterian Church. For six years he has been Treasurer of the school district. He has always been most energetic and outspoken as a worker and advocate of the Republican party, but latterly has felt conscientiously compelled to take his place in the ranks of the Prohibitionists, but he has always been a man of moral courage, doing what he believed to be right in spite of, although not in defiance of public opinion. This is, therefore, but a sample of his manly, consistent character and action.

SAAC PIERSON is a successful farmer residing on range 8, section 9. Panama Precinct. His great-grandfather Pierson was one of three brothers who came to America a few years prior to the Revolutionary War and settled in Pennsylvania. His grandfather, Joshua Pierson, served as a private in the War of 1812. Our subject is a son of Joseph and Ellen (Thrush) Pierson, his father having been born in Bedford County, Pa., and the mother, at Carlisle, the same State. His parents were married in Bedford County, Pa., and settled there, where the father was a hotel-keeper, and was also the owner of a large farm, but he died in the year 1823. The mother and children then removed to Wayne County, Ohio, and settled near Massillon, in 1825. After living there for sixteen years they moved to Summit County, where the mother died about the year 1856, aged sixty-five years. In this family there were five children, four boys and one girl.
   Our subject, the second child of the family, was born on the 16th of March, 1818, in Bedford County, Pa., two and one-half miles from Bedford Springs. The first school which he attended was in Stark County, Ohio, three miles distant from his home, and in going to and from school he passed only one house on his way, the country then being so sparsely settled; his educational advantages were therefore much limited. He was reared upon his mother's farm in Ohio, and remained at home until about the time he was married. There was a sawmill on the homestead and our subject took charge of it. In 1845 he married Miss Lucy Randolph.
   The wife of our subject is a daughter of Jonas and Mary (Bevington) Randolph, her father a native of Virginia, and her mother having been born in Westmoreland County, Md. Her father was in the War of 1812, and also served under Gen. Harrison at Tippecanoe, and in the Black Swamp. Mrs. Pierson's great-grandfather came from Wales during Colonial times, and her maternal ancestors were English. Her parents came to Ohio a young man and woman, and at an early date they settled in Wayne County, where they were among the first pioneers. They had a family of thirteen children, nine of whom lived to grow up to manhood and womanhood. About the year 1849 the family moved to Vermilion (now Ford) County, Ill., where they settled, and where the parents died. The mother's death occurred in 1870, her age being sixty-eight years, and the father died in 1875, at the age of eighty-five years. Of the nine children four were boys and five girls.
   Mrs. Pierson, the fifth child, was born on the 2d of May, 1826, in Wayne County, Ohio. She attended the common schools and lived at home until her marriage with our subject. After marriage Mr. Pierson continued in the sawmill for one year, and then went into the manufacture of woolen goods, which business he continued until the failure of his health. Then he moved to Logansport, Ind., where he remained on a farm for three years, afterward going to Lagrange County, where he also remained three years, and then to Ford County, Ill. When at Logansport he sold his farm and loaned his money to a merchant, but having misplaced his confidence, he lost the whole amount. He remained in Ford County, Ill., for fifteen years, at which place he rented a farm. In the fall of 1871 he came to Nebraska, his eldest child being then twenty-one years old.
   Our subject then bought his present farm from the Burlington & Missouri River Railroad Company, on which his labors have been mainly attended with success and prosperity, but he has felt

the loss of his money in Logansport to be a considerable detriment. There are five children in this family, whom we name as follows: Mary E., Amazella, R., Thomas J., Alpha and Joshua. Mary E., who resides in Panama Precinct, is the wife of Moses Mittien, and the mother of two children--Edna and Kent; Amazella married Frank Brophey, and resides in Panama Precinct, the mother of three children--Roy, Lucy and Lina Grace; Thomas J. resides in Lincoln, and is the Deputy County Treasurer; Alpha resides in Cheyenne County, Kan., the wife of Julius Northrop, a farmer; she has two children--Kirk and Isaac William. Joshua is at home with his parents.
   Mr. and Mrs. Pierson have won the esteem or the community in which they live, and have prospered well, despite the many discouragements through which they had to labor--the siege of the grasshoppers, and the drouth of 1875 and 1876. On their farm they have built a tine frame house and barns. They have a fine fruit orchard, and, in fact, all the necessaries and many conveniences pertaining to rural comfort and welfare. Our subject was Assessor of Panama Precinct in the year 1872, and has several times been elected Justice of the Peace, but declined to serve in that office. He advocates the policy of the Republican party, but both our subject and his wife are strongly imbued with temperance principles.

RANK E. HAIGHT is a fine representative of the young men of the present generation, who, by sheer force of energy and ability, have already made themselves prominent factors in developing and sustaining the enormous agricultural interests of Nebraska, and he is well worthy of a place in this record of the lives of those who have had the making of Lancaster County. He owns a good farm on section 28, Nemaha Precinct, and is managing it with much success.
   Our subject is the son of Andrew P. and Susan M. (Hickox) Haight, natives respectively of Buffalo, N. Y., and Pittsburgh, Pa. His father was a man of considerable enterprise and business talent, and for several years prior to his death he was the proprietor and manager of an extensive cheese factory in Medina County, Ohio. His useful and busy career was cut short by his premature death, in 1874, at the age of forty-eight years. The mother of our subject, who still resides in Medina County, Ohio, and is now fifty-seven years old, is a woman of great capability and marked force of character, and after her husband's death she energetically undertook to continue his business as a cheese manufacturer, and made a great success of her venture. She is the mother of six children, namely: William, Ransom, Mary, Andrew, Martha and Frank Eugene.
   The latter, of whom we write, was born March 12, 1864, in Granger, Medina Co., Ohio, and enjoyed good educational advantages in the district school of his native town. He was a boy of ten years when he was bereft of his father. He continued to live with his mother until he was sixteen, and gave her much assistance in the factory, and thus acquired a thorough practical knowledge of the best methods of making cheese. After leaving his mother he went to work in another cheese factory, and was there employed until he was nineteen. He then went west to see something of the country, anti traveled extensively through Nebraska, Dakota and Kentucky. After his return to his old home Mr. Haight was united in marriage with Miss Minnie Woodward, July 3, 1885. She was born Aug. 10, 1869, in Sharon, Medina Co., Ohio, being the youngest of the three living children of William C. and Elizabeth (Reid) Woodward. Her education was conducted in the graded schools of her native town.
   In the spring following his marriage, our subject, accompanied by his young wife, set out for Nebraska, he having determined to locate here, as he had been so pleased with the appearance of the country in his visit to it in 1883, and the brilliant prospects it held forth in its varied resources for a young man to make more than a comfortable living. He bought a farm of eighty acres, on which he still resides, and on which he has already made many fair improvements. Besides being a good grain-growing farm it is especially well adapted to stock-raising and the dairy business; he has started a cheese factory on his own farm, and it is predicted

that, with his experience and well-known skill as a cheese manufacturer, he cannot but be more than ordinarily successful in the enterprise.
   In his wife our subject finds a ready helper, and one who heartily enters into his plans and sympathizes with him in his endeavors to make life a success. She is a lovely lady, whose beautiful character is the embodiment of all true womanly qualities, and their home, which is blessed by the presence of their one little baby daughter, Ethel, is probably one of the happiest in the county. Mr. Haight is too deeply absorbed in his work to give more than passing attention to public affairs, yet he takes an intelligent interest in politics, and takes his stand with the Republican party as to the best policy to be pursued in National and State affairs.

ACOB S. UNANGST. The subject of this sketch maintains a leading position among the intelligent men of the community of Grant Precinct, and takes a warm interest in everything pertaining to its intellectual and social progress. He realizes the importance of education, and accordingly gives his influence toward the establishment and maintenance of schools, setting first a good example in his own family by giving to his children the best advantages in his power. The stimulus of his influence has not only been felt in his own neighborhood, but throughout his township, where he ranks among the men who have been the leading spirits in bringing it to its present position.
   The ancestors of the subject of this sketch, it is supposed, were of German extraction, and the later representatives settled in Pennsylvania, where were born in Northampton County the parents of our subject, Jacob and Dorothy (Sible) Unangst. After marriage they settled in Williams Township, that county, where were born their thirteen children, of whom Jacob S. was the ninth. Of these four are living, and residents mostly of Pennsylvania. The parents are deceased
   Mr. Unangst was born Nov. 18, 1835, and continued on the farm with his father until a youth of seventeen years. Then, leaving home he served an apprenticeship at the shoemaker's trade, and after a time migrated to Warren County, N. J., where he was employed at his trade until the outbreak of the late Rebellion. Not long after the first call for troops he enlisted as a Union soldier in Company H, 8th New Jersey Infantry, and participated in many of the important battles which followed, being the fight at Williamsburg, the seven-days siege of Richmond, and in the battle of the Wilderness, besides various other engagements and skirmishes. In front of Petersburg he was wounded in the right foot, by which he was seriously disabled and obliged to use crutches for two years. For this he now draws a pension. He was also slightly wounded at the battle of the Wilderness. After receiving his honorable discharge, in 1865, he resumed his trade in New Jersey about one year, and then purchased a farm, and followed agriculture in that region until the spring of 1872.
   Our subject now determined upon a change of location, and making his way westward to this State, purchased first a tract of eighty acres of virgin prairie in Grant Precinct, this county, from which he has made his present fine home, and subsequently added to his possessions until he is now the owner of 400 acres in the State, 320 acres of which he in Logan Precinct, Logan County. He has been content to confine his attention to the development of his land, and has availed himself of modern machinery and the most approved methods of carrying on agriculture, with results which should prove to him a source of deep satisfaction. He began in life dependent upon his own resources, and has acquired his property solely by the exercise of industry and perseverance. His career is a fine illustration of the self-made man, and the possibilities to be obtained by those who are willing to labor and to wait for the result.
   The lady who has been the faithful and efficient helpmate of our subject for a period of thirty-two years was in her girlhood Miss Sarah Hartzell, and became his wife on the 29th of August, 1856. The wedding took place at her home near Easton, in Northampton County, Pa. Mrs. U. is the daughter of Peter and Margaret (Lambert) Hartzell, who were also natives of the Keystone State, and who died near Easton, Pa., the mother in 1854, and the