and sisters early in life, and was joined later by her father, John Neolch, who had been twice married in Germany, and where both wives died. The first was the mother of Mrs. B., and her maiden name was Godlieber Eslinger. The father was in good circumstances in Germany, and spent his last year with his daughter, Mrs. Bischoff, passing away at a ripe old age at the home of his daughter, Mrs. Seypher, in Holt County, Mo.
   To Mr. and Mrs. Bischoff there have been born eight children, three of whom, Lizzie, Christ and an infant unnamed, are deceased. The survivors are: Johanna, the wife of William Eden, a well-to-do farmer of Rock Creek Precinct; Christian, Jr., Caroline, Henry and Anna at home with their parents. Mrs. B. by her first marriage is the mother two children, Joseph and John, who are now married, and reside in Otoe County. Her husband, Joseph Fuchs, was a native of Germany, and died in Cass County, Ill. Mr. and Mrs. B. are active members of the Lutheran Church, and our subject, politically, is a warm adherent of the Republican party.

ON. J. C. CAMPBELL, M. D., the oldest practicing physician not only of this county but the State at large, is the subject of history move than ordinarily interesting. He has been identified with the interests of Nebraska, since its Territorial days, and figured prominently in governmental matters, and all the various enterprises tending to its development and prosperity. Although having nearly attained his fell score years, he is remarkably well preserved, mentally and physically, standing among his compeers like the sturdy oak, scarcely touched by the storms all changes of three-quarters of a century. He is a man of fine physique, of noble and commanding presence, and Nature formed within him a man fully in keeping with his stature. He counts among the people of Otoe County hosts of friends, who have watched a remarkable career with that admiration well worthy of its achievements.
   Dr. Campbell was born near the city of Lexington, in Fayette County, Ky., Dec. 22, 1812, and the only surviving member of his father's family. The latter, Dr. John P. Campbell, was born in Rockbridge County, Va., and married Miss Isabella McDowell, a native of the same. He was finely educated, having been graduated from Hampden Sidney College, and at an early period in his life entered upon a successful career as a medical practitioner, which, however, he abandoned later on to enter the ministry of the Presbyterian Church. Although a slave-holder by inheritance, Providence had created him with a hatred for the peculiar institution, and for the purpose of freeing his slaves he changed his residence from Kentucky to Ohio. In the former State a law required a man who freed his colored people to give security for their support in years to come, so that they should not become a burden to the State. The father of our subject upon his removal to Ohio located in Chillicothe. He had been born and reared as the son of a wealthy Kentuckian, but such were his conscientious scruples that in his later years he was willing to forego many of the luxuries which he had been surrounded in order to labor in the Master's vineyard. His career, however, was cut short by his untimely death, when he was about forty-seven years of age.
   Mrs. Campbell, the mother, after the death of he husband returned to Kentucky with her children and there fell to her inheritance more slaves, but she, following in the footsteps of her lamented husband, returned with them to Ohio, setting them free also, and in Chillicothe lived with her children for several years. Finally she returned to her native State, where she spent the remainder of her life, passing away at the age of sixty-five years. She was the mother of six children, namely: James McD., Margaret M., Mary U., Jane I., John Calvin (our subject) and Edward H. All of these lived to mature years, but as we have said, all but our subject, are now deceased.
   The earliest recollections of our subject are mostly of Chillicothe, Ohio. to which he was taken by his parents first when scarcely more than an infant. He was quite young at the time of his fathers death, and, much to his regret, has no recollection of one so closely allied to him, and who so nobly performed his part in life. John C. was given a good education in his youth, attending both the common

and a private school, and at the age of seventeen entered the Miami State University of Ohio, where he took the classical course of four years, and from which institution he was graduated with honors about the time of reaching his majority.
   The youngest brother of our subject had crossed the Mississippi, and was engaged in mercantile business at Burlington, Iowa, and thither John C. now repaired to join him, not even taking a vacation in which to revisit his home. He had always been bright and ambitious, and thoughtful beyond his years, and now began in earnest the more serious business of life. Soon after reaching the Hawkeye State he pre-empted a quarter-section of land in the vicinity of the embryo town of Burlington, and then made arrangements to pursue the study of medicine, under the instruction of Drs. Lowe and Hickock, in whose office he remained a number of years. He was thus prepared for entrance into the medical department of Kemper College at St Louis, and which is now the medical department of the State University. Two years later he was graduated from this institution, and returning to Iowa commenced the practice of his profession, where he remained three or four years, and built up a good patronage.
   During his residence at this place Dr. Campbell was united in marriage with Miss Elizabeth Henderson, a lady of excellent family, and own cousin to the late Hon. Thomas A. Hendricks, of Indiana. This lady became the mother of one child, and died at Mt. Pleasant, in less than two years after her marriage. The child also soon followed its mother to the silent land. Upon his removal from this place Dr. Campbell established an office in New Purchase, now Agency City, six miles from Ottumwa, and in the spring of 1845 contracted a second marriage, with Miss Martha Rogers. This lady was burn in Missouri, and is the daughter of Dr. Rogers, who was a native of Virginia, and his wife of Tennessee; they spent their last years in Missouri. Of this union there were born three sons -- John James, Edward Hugh and William H. The two elder are leading business men of Montana, engaged in the drug trade; William H. is a clerk of the Morton House of Nebraska City.
   In the fall of 1854 Dr. Campbell once more changed his residence, this time choosing Nebraska City, and of this he has since been a resident. Thus a pioneer of three Territories, viz: Wisconsin. Iowa and Nebraska, he has had the privilege of witnessing most remarkable changes, and during the vicissitudes of a long and useful career has been no unimportant factor in their development, especially of the latter.
   From Agency City, Iowa, Dr. Campbell removed to Sidney, in Fremont County, Iowa, where he became especially interested in the establishment and maintenance of schools, and was elected and reelected Superintendent of Public Instruction, discharging the duties of this responsible office in a most praiseworthy manner. As soon, however, as the purchase of lands from the Otoe Indians was consummated, he found his preferences greatly drawn toward this section of country, and resolved to identify himself with the people of Nebraska Territory. He was one of the very first to make settlement, and as early as 1855 was elected to the Territorial Legislature. The year following he declined to be a candidate, desiring to give his attention more closely to his profession, but in 1857 he was again persuaded to take upon himself the responsibilities of a Legislator. He then was given a period of rest until 1861, when he was elected to the Territorial Council. His cool and temperate judgment and wise foresight were especially useful at that period in the history of Nebraska, and there were few enterprises in which his opinion was not sought and his influence solicited in furthering the interest of the Territory struggling to become a State.
   It is hardly necessary to state that Dr. Campbell was a leading member of the convention called for the purpose of drawing up a constitution for the proposed State of Nebraska. Among his coadjutors at that time were Judges Mason, Lake, Manderson, Wakeley, Woolworth, Butler, etc. The first document drawn up in this connection was rejected by the vote of the people, on account of the provision for the taxation of church property.
   Mrs. Martha Campbell departed this life at her home in Nebraska City, in 1861. Our subject contracted a third matrimonial alliance in Nebraska City in the spring of 1862, with Miss Sarah P. Childs, who was born in the city of Philadelphia, Pa., in 1829. Her

father, Capt. William Childs, was commander of a merchant vessel, a man of high character, remarkable intelligence, of English birth and ancestry, and closely allied to the Rothschilds of London. During a mutiny on board his ship he was foully murdered, and his remains cast into the sea. He had been married in Philadelphia, Pa., to Mrs. E. Brodt, and their home was in Philadelphia, Broome and Delaware Counties. Mrs. Campbell came to the West with her half-brother, E. S. Hawley. Of her marriage with our subject there were born one daughter and two sons -- Henrietta E., Ezra T. and Paul M. Henrietta is the wife of Rev. G. Sumner Baskerville, a minister of the Presbyterian Church, and at present stationed in Tower City, Dak.; of Ezra T., a popular and prominent physician of Nebraska City, a sketch will be found elsewhere in this work; Paul M., who has a taste for the profession of law, of which he purposes soon to become a student, is at present in the United States Railroad Mail Service, from Pacific Junction, Iowa, to McCook, Neb. Mrs. Sarah I. Campbell died at the home of her daughter Henrietta E., in Dakota, Aug. 11, 1888, aged sixty-two years.
   The earlier years of Dr. Campbell were particularly signalized by his interest in education, and those acquainted with the early history of Nebraska City will recollect that in the early days its public school system was far ahead of any in this or adjoining States. He had for his associate in this good work Dr. Parker, and once every week they visited every class of this city school, not excepting those of the colored pupils. Dr. Campbell for six years was a working member of the School Board, and even after his withdrawal did not lose the warm interest which he had always felt. As auxiliary to the school he has been the warm defender of religious institutions, and an almost lifelong member of the Presbyterian Church in different places. He assisted in the organization of the churches at Burlington, Mt. Pleasant and Sidney, Iowa, and later in that of Nebraska City. One remarkable fact in connection with these was that the same minister, Rev. Cole, was at different times stationed at the four places.
   The career of a man who has lived so long and so well presents to the reflective mind a picture amply worthy its attention, and one that it is most pleasant to dwell upon. Dr. Campbell has labored faithfully, and learned well all through his life, improving the opportunities for the acquirement of knowledge, and for doing good to his fellowmen. He has thus built up for himself a monument more enduring than marble, and one on which his descendants may look with pride in after years. The hosts of friends whom he has gathered around him form a source of comfort and of honor to him during the years of his green old age, and trust that he may for years yet be enabled to shed around him that bright :and healthy influence which has been one of the marked features of a most remarkable character.

HARLES BREHM occupies a position among the general farmers and stock-raisers of McWilliams Precinct; his property and home are upon section 32, the farm comprising 160 acres in an excellent state of cultivation. His farm buildings are complete, substantially built, and of convenient arrangement. When he took up this property in 1874 there was nothing to distinguish this land from the virgin prairie around.
   Prior to coming to Nebraska in 1873 Mr. Brehm had resided in Lee County, Iowa, having from the year 1869 successfully operated a farm in that county, settling there immediately upon coming from his native land. He was born in Bavaria, on the 28th of July, 1804. He is the son of Carl Brehm, and grew to manhood in his native place, was educated in its schools, and afterward learned the trade of a carpenter.
   When twenty-one years of age the father of our subject enlisted in the German Army and went to fight under Napoleon in the French wars. He fought at the battle of Leipsic, and the night of the 1st of January, 1813, while crossing the River Rhine he was thrown into the stream, but rescued later by his comrades. He was soon after taken sick but soon recovered; this was the only occasion he could remember that he was ill. He died from old age, having attained seventy-five years.
   The subject of our sketch is the youngest but

two of eight children who lived to attain their majority. He served in the Bavarian regiment of the German Army for five years, was in the War of 1866, and participated in some of the minor engagements. Shortly after receiving his discharge he came to the United States and located in Franklin Township, Lee Co., Iowa, entered land and began farming.
   In 1871 Mr. Brehm was united in marriage with Miss Christina Frank, in Lee County. This lady was born in Bavaria on the 21st of January, 1849. She came to America with her parents in 1855. and lived with them upon the farm which they took in Lee County. Both are now quite aged, and are residing in Franklin County of the same State. Her parents were members of the German Evangelical Church, and the wife of our subject was brought up in that religious faith. She was educated in the Iowa schools, and is thoroughly domesticated. She is the mother of eight children, whose names are as follows: Fred, Minnie, Charles, William, Phillip, Jr., Mary, Martha and Jacob.
   Our subject and wife arc members of the Evangelical Church. In politics our subject is independent. He has made the institutions of his adopted county a study, and has learned to understand and appreciate them fully.

ILLIAM REDFIELD. The main points in the history of the subject of our sketch, who is now a resident of the city of Syracuse, are as follows: He was born in LaHarpe, Hancock Co., Ill., Sept. 14, 1845, and is the son of William and Mary (Scott) Redfield. His parents were natives of Livingston County, N. Y., where they were reared and married. They moved to Kirtland, Ohio, where they lived until 1843, then moved to Illinois and settled among the pioneers of Hancock County. There the father improved a farm which now lies adjacent to the flourishing town of LaHarpe. Three years later, however, he pulled up stakes, and crossing the Mississippi located in Liberty, Mo. Not being pleased with this locality he, in the fall of that same year, went to Southwestern Iowa, settling on what is now known as the old Shesher farm. The country was wild and new, and Indians were plentiful. In 1848 the family moved to Silver Creek, Mills County, and the father improved three farms in that locality. In 1856 he changed his residence to Fremont County, Iowa, and opened three more farms. Then going into Page County he took up a tract of raw prairie, and there also opened up a farm, which became valuable, and of which he retained possession until his death, which occurred in 1878, while on a visit to the home of his nephew in Johnson County, Neb. The mother of our subject survived her husband only three years, her death taking place at Shenandoah, Iowa, in 1881. The household circle included seven children, of whom six are living, George Z. Redfield is a well-to-do farmer of Nemaha County, Neb.; Hiram and Frank are in business at Shenandoah, lowa; Tryphena is the wife of D. W. Hall, of Creston; and Rebecca married Sylvester Whiting, of Otter Tail County, Minn., where she now lives, but when married they were residents of Mills County, Iowa.
   William Redfield remained a member of the parental household until July, 1871. He had by the exercise of great perseverance acquired a common-school education, and developed into a youth of move than ordinary intelligence on the frontier. Now starting out for himself he made his way to Salt Lake City, Utah, and took charge of a store of general merchandise in the American Fork Mining District, forty miles from Salt Lake. He was thus occupied a period of five years, and until the camp was broken up. Then returning to Shenandoah, Iowa, he dealt in horses until 1876. He was variously occupied thereafter until 1885, when he took up his residence in Blue Springs, Gage Co., Neb., from there removed to Nebraska City, and thence to Syracuse. He still owns property in Shenandoah.
   Our subject while a resident of Utah made the acquaintance of Miss Sarah E. Browning, and was married to this lady in Shenandoah, Iowa, Dec. 1, 1879. Mrs. Redfield was born and reared in Salt Lake City, and is the daughter of James A. and Sarah (McGera) Browning, the former of whom is an accountant and bookkeeper in Salt Lake City, in the employ of one of its leading firms. The mother

died about 1882. Of this union there have been born five children. namely: Ethel, Frederick, Carl, Cleveland and Clyde. Mr. Redfield is a stanch Democrat, politically, and socially, a member of the Masonic fraternity. He was Master of the lodge at Tabor, Iowa, while attending college there.

EONARD T. SPICKNALL. This gentleman, who represents the brickmaking industry in Talmage, and is in fact an enterprising and prosperous manufacturer of that most necessary article of building material, has in his yards all the modern appliances for the turning out of art almost perfect article, and manufactures over 600,000 per annum. He has been connected with this branch of industry at this place since 1882, and has enjoyed an enviable reputation and a large and extensive patronage throughout the entire surrounding district, supplying the brick for all of the buildings since erected in the town and neighborhood. Linked with this business he has another, in every way diverse if not diametrically opposite, but is no less successful on that account from a financial standpoint, viz: that of a restauranteur (sic), carrying on the same in Talmage.
   Previous to coming to this county in April, 1883, our subject had lived in Dearborn County, Ind., where he was born on the 17th of December, 1829. His father, Leonard Spicknall, was a native of Virginia, and came of one of the old and worthy Virginian families. He was a lifelong agriculturist. The father of our subject was first married to Amelia Roland, a Virginian lady, with whom he removed to Indiana after the birth of their first child. She died at the age of twenty-nine years, leaving five children. Subsequently the bereaved husband, who every day felt the pressing need of his little ones for some care other than his own, was married to Emma Horrom, a lady who was born in Vermont, but who had lived in Indiana almost all her life. The family circle came to include ten children, five of whom were sons, and eight of whom attained to years of maturity and are yet living, the subject of this sketch being the eldest. The parents lived in Dearborn County until the end of their days, which were not reached, however, until they had both passed the allotted threescore years and ten.
   Our subject, on starting in life for himself, in 1852 went to Illinois, and passed four years in Grundy County, near Morris. Returning at the end of that time to his native place, he was there married to Mary Whitaker, the daughter of William and Hannah (Vozy) Whitaker, both of whom were natives of England. Their daughter Mary was born in Dearborn County, in the year 1841.
   She was reared and educated there upon her father's farm, which had been brought from an unimproved condition to one of the best and most fertile farms in the county. She has presented her husband with six children, all of whom are still at home. Their names are as follows: William B., Charles O., Jeanette G., Clara L., Olive L. and Evert A.
   Mr. and Mrs. Spicknall and three of their children are devout members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, of which our subject is a Steward and also Trustee, and has for many years held the office of Class-Leader. He is deeply interested in the temperance cause, and is a local Prohibitionist. In general governmental questions he is numbered with the Republican party.

ILLIAM RAY, senior member of the firm of Ray & Hicks, is engaged with his partner in general merchandising in Dunbar, and also has an interest in the City Hotel and livery stable at that point, besides owning a large mercantile house in Woodbine, Iowa. He was born in Trumbull County, Ohio, Nov. 1, 1840, and is the son of George Ray, now deceased.
   The father of our subject emigrated from his native State of New York to Grant County in 1847, settling not far from the lead mines of Galena, Ill. In that region William received a common-school education, and in the spring of 1863 migrated across the Mississippi into Fayette County, Iowa. During the progress of the late Civil War he enlisted in Company F, 49th Wisconsin Infantry, serving one year, and doing mostly post duty.
   Our subject upon being transformed from a sol-

dier to a civilian returned to Fayette County, Iowa, where he lived until 1876. He then removed to the vicinity of Atlantic, and engaged in stock-raising three years. In the fall of 1879 he came to Nebraska, and locating in Holt County, carried on farming and stock-raising together with real-estate business until 1888. He still has a ranch in the vicinity of Stuart. In September of the last-named year our subject came to Dunbar, and in addition to the business already noted, ships large quantities of produce from this county to Omaha. He represents a large amount of real estate, owning besides the property already mentioned 1,920 acres of land in Holt and Brown Counties. His general merchandising transactions yield him a handsome income as the firm enjoys an extensive patronage. They keep a full stock of everything in their line.
   Mr. Ray, on the 4th of July, 1867, was united in marriage with Miss Mary A. Bastedo, who was born in Wyoming County, Pa., Aug. 2, 1843. The parents of Mrs. Ray were George and Diadama Bastedo, the former of whom died in Missouri about 1867. To Mr. and Mrs. Ray there have been born four children -- George E., Paul L., Mary E. and Beatrice. The eldest is twenty years of age and the youngest ten. Mr. and Mrs. Ray are members of the Presbyterian Church, and our subject is identified with the A. O. U. W. and the G. A. R. Politically, he votes the Democratic ticket, and entertains the interest felt by every intelligent citizen in the building up of its community, and its advancement socially, morally and financially. The mother of our subject, Mrs. Lucinda Ray, was a native of Ohio and is now deceased. The parental family included nine children, five of whom are living and four deceased.

APT PATRICK RODDY, one of the most public-spirited men of Nebraska City Precinct, and a leading landowner, has a one farm of 160 acres on section 31, 320 acres in North Branch Precinct, also 160 in Russell Precinct, west of Unadilla, a part of which he secured as early as 1864. The homestead proper includes 160 acres, a very fine tract, under a high state of cultivation and supplied with good buildings. The balance is fairly productive, and is devoted to general farming and stock-raising.
   Our subject was born in County Westmeath, Ireland, July 12, 1842, where he lived until a young man twenty years of age, then resolved to seek his fortunes in America. He first settled in Ontario, Canada, where he occupied himself at farming until 1863, then came to the States, and making his way westward engaged on a Missouri River boat. The second year he was promoted to a deck hand, and later became watchman; the third year was promoted to the position of mate, and later became Captain of the "Kate C. Nutt," continuing on the river until 1872. He was for a period of five years in the meantime connected with the Hannibal & St. Joseph Packet Company, and for a like period as Captain was connected with the Missouri River Transfer Company, of Omaha.
   While in the city above mentioned our subject made the acquaintance of Miss Mary Henzie, to whom he was married Jan. 9, 1870. Mrs. Roddy is a native of the same country as her husband, and was born in County Tipperary, Ireland, March 17, 1848. She came alone to the United States when a young woman, and lived for a time in New York City. Later she migrated further west, taking up her residence in Omaha, where she met her future husband. Her parents were Daniel and Catherine (Delaney) Henzie; the former is deceased, and the latter resides in Queens County, Ireland. The Captain and his family located on their present farm June 20, 1872. The household circle includes six children, three sons and three daughters, namely: Maggie A., John, Thomas, Mary, Kate and James P. The eldest is eighteen years of age, and the youngest three, and all are at home with their parents. Mrs. Roddy and her youngest child in 1887 made a visit to the old home in Ireland. The Captain is an active Republican, sound on the tariff question, and a fervent advocate of the principles of his party. He has never been an office-seeker, although holding positions of trust and responsibility in his school district for a number of years. He is a man held in high esteem among his neighbors, and during the Presidential campaigns has been of eminent service to his party in this district as a