Lewis; both parents were born in Maryland. His paternal ancestors were English, and those on the mother's side were of German descent. His parents had a large number of children, of whom only four survive, named as follows: Richard; Abraham. who resides in West Virginia; John, who lives in Tipton Precinct, Cass County, and Elizabeth, now Mrs. Cline, who resides in Ohio. Our subject was married April 7, 1846, to Margaret Wells, a native of West Virginia. she is the daughter of Richard and Nancy Wells. By this union there has been a family of eight children, four sons and four daughters, six of whom are living, namely: Simon, Sanford C., Gilly, Adeline, Gertrude and George. Those deceased are Rebecca and John. Simon resides in Lincoln; Sanford C. resides in Hayes County, this State; Gilly is now the wife of Benjamin Ward, and resides in Colorado; Adeline is the wife of M. L. Thomas, the editor of the Dundy County Pioneer, at Benkleman, Neb.; Gertrude is the wife of George Laverty, and resides in McCook, Neb.; George also resides in McCook.
   After the marriage of our subject he settled in Virginia, where he farmed for many years. In 1868 he migrated to Cass County with his family, taking a steamer at Wheeling, coming down the Ohio to its confluence with the Mississippi, thence up the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers as far as Plattsmouth. The first year he was in Nebraska he rented land. He then purchased eighty acres in Eight Mile Grove Precinct, settled on it, and began its improvement, in regular pioneer style. The land had twenty-seven acres plowed, which was all the improvement he had to begin on. By energy, perseverance and good management he has brought it up to a good state of cultivation. He now owns 480 acres of good land, which he has procured by purchase from time to time, and which is second to none in value in the county.
   The improvements which our subject has made on his farm are very substantial in their character, and are in accordance with a well-defined plan. The barns and various other buildings are well located and conveniently arranged for the purposes for which they were intended. His dwelling-house is finely located, and contains all the conveniences obtainable. It is roomy and nicely furnished. He has planted a good orchard, which is a source of handsome profit, and presents a fine appearance.
   The wife of our subject during her life was an able coadjutor to her husband in all his efforts and plans, and studied his interests carefully, and much of his success is due to her wise counsels and valuable assistance, which she cheerfully rendered to the day of her death, which occurred Sept. 7, 1873. She left behind her a wealth of love and affection, and a large circle of loving friends and acquaintances. The place she filled in the home circle can never be fully supplied. Her memory will ever be a green spot in the lives of her husband and children. She was identified with the Methodist Episcopal Church, and endeavored to live what she thought to be the earnest, consistent life of a Christian.
   When Mr. Lewis settled in Nebraska he was without means or any influential friends. He could look to no one for assistance, and depended entirely on his own energy and perseverance for success. How well he has accomplished his purpose is manifested by the present condition in which he finds himself. He is kind-hearted and generous to a fault. He is public-spirited, thinking that the greatest good for the greatest number should be the prevailing sentiment among the people. He is always found heartly supporting any measure that may be proposed which will have that result, oftentimes to his serious inconvenience. In politics he is a Democrat, but has filled no public office except a position on the School Board, where he felt that his services would be of permanent value.

ENRY D. BARR is a valued citizen of Weeping Water (a resident of the First Ward), where he is engaged in business as a fire insurance and real-estate agent, and as collector and conveyancer, and holds the offices of Justice of the Peace and Notary Public.
   Mr. Barr was born in Greene County, Ohio, July 15,1849. His father, John W. Barr, was born in Virginia, or Pennsylvania, and went to Ohio when a young man, and as a pioneer of Allen County,

hewed out a farm for himself in the wilderness. He always lived in that part of the country after his removal to it until death called him hence, in 1875. He was an upright, conscientious man, and a consistent member of the Baptist Church, as was also his good wife, whose maiden name was Phoebe Snodgrass. She was the mother of eight children, all of whom lived to maturity, namely: John C., Joseph M., James V. B., Robert H., Henry D., Elizabeth, Minerva J. and Sally A. The four oldest boys served in the army, and two of them never came back alive. Robert H. was killed while gallantly fighting at Atlanta, Ga.; Joseph was wounded at Harper's Ferry, Va., and was transferred to the invalid corps at Columbus, Ohio. in Camp Chase, and there died from the effects of his wound April 5, 1864. Sally married C. C. Hadsell, of Waterloo, Ind., and they are now living there; Minerva is in Waterloo, Ind.; John C. is in Ottawa, Ohio; James lives at Creston, Iowa, where he is engaged in the mercantile business; Elizabeth died in Allen County, Ohio. The mother of this family was born in Virginia in 1812, and accompanied her father, Daniel S. Snodgrass, to Ohio when young, and there lived until her marriage. She died in Weeping Water, Jan. 23, 1883.
   The subject of this sketch was but a babe when his parents moved to Allen County, and he was there reared amid pioneer influences. In 1861 he left the parental home and entered the printing office of the Auglaize County Democrat, serving an apprenticeship of one year; from there he went to Lima, Ohio, and again entered a printing office, that of the Gazette, and was employed there a year and a half. In 1863 he was called home to stay with his parents, his older brothers having joined the army. He assisted in the management of the old homestead until 1865, when, the war being over, two of his brothers came back and relieved him from further duty. Thus gaining a thorough, practical knowledge of the art preservative, he next went into the office of the Allen County Democrat. Eighteen months later he was elected Assessor of his home ward, being then but twenty-five or twenty-six years of age. He discharged the onerous duties of that responsible office in a manner to call forth the warm praise of his fellow-citizens.
   He subsequently engaged in teaching. a vocation to which he was well adapted both by temperament and education. At one time he was appointed delinquent tax collector for the city of Lima, which office he filled satisfactorily. After his term of office expired he came West. abandoning the profession of teacher, he having taught nine terms. He also read law one year with Judge McBride. When he first to Cass County he stopped in Centre Precinct for a few months, and then spent the following winter in Iowa. He came back in the fall of 1880, and engaged on various papers, and was local writer and editor of the Republican, of Weeping Water, for a year, and he was also on the staff of the Cass County Eagle for two or three years. He subsequently went to Talmage and purchased the Tribune, of which paper he was editor and publisher until the spring of 1885. He then returned to this place, and was engaged on the Republican for a year. He was thus engaged when he received the appointment of Justice of the Peace, and resigned his connection with the paper to accept it, having been appointed to fill an unexpired term. In the fall of 1887, so satisfactory was his administration of the affairs of his office, he was elected for a full term, and qualified Jan. 1, 1888.
   Mr. Barr is a candid, sincere man of unblemished character, whose intelligent, well-informed mind amply fits him for any station to which he may be called. He is influential in local politics and a standard bear of the Republican party of Cass County. Socially, Mr. Barr belongs to the I. O. O. F., Prairie Lodge No. 25, also the Daughters of Rebecca, Woodland Lodge, at Weeping Water.

DAM HILD of Eight Mile Grove Precinct, presents a picture of the typical well-to-do German farmer and stock-raiser, with his comfortable home and fat cattle and horses, and all the other substantial surroundings brought about by his thrift and industry. His property comprises 240 acres on section 35, and eighty acres on section 36, with good buildings, fruit and shade trees, the necessary farm machinery, and the various comforts and conveniences which he has gradu-

ally added to the estate from year to year. A man peaceable and law-abiding, he is one who attends strictly to his own concerns, and one in whom his neighbors have entire confidence.
   Hesse-Darmstadt, Germany, was the native place of our subject, where his birth occurred July 6, 1844. When a little lad six years of age his parents, George and Margaret (Schaffer) Hild, who were also of pure German birth and ancestry, decided to emigrate with their little family to the United States. Taking passage on a sailing-vessel at Havre, they landed safely in New York City after a long ocean voyage of sixty-seven days. Thence they repaired to the vicinity of Rochester, where they lived about one year, and at the expiration of that time set their faces westward, resolving to cast their lot among the pioneer settlers of Tazewell County, Ill. The father rented a tract of land in that county, where he lived and labored until his death, which occurred in March, 1881, when he was about eighty-three years of age. The mother survived her husband six years. Her death taking place Jan. 27, 1887, in Tazewell County, Ill.
   To the parents of our subject there were born six children: George and Philip remain residents of Tazewell County, Ill.; Elizabeth died when thirty-five years old; Adam, our subject, was the fourth of the family; Michael lives in Tazewell County, and Charlotte is dead. Adam, like his brothers and sisters, received but a limited education, and at an early age was trained to habits of industry and economy. He was fond of reading, and thus employed his leisure hours, keeping himself well informed upon topics of general interest. Nothing delighted him better that to watch the growing crops, and no occupation pleased him better than that of the husbandman. His ambition was to have a farm of his own, and to this end he labored from early manhood. While a resident of Tazewell County, Ill., he was married, Feb. 25, 1869, to Miss Elizabeth C. Reeg, a native of his own country, born also in Hesse-Darmstadt, Feb. 2, 1850. The parents of Mrs. Hild were Jacob John and Mary M. (Kllinger) (sic) Reeg, who were natives of Germany, and died in that country. Mrs. Hild was only fourteen days crossing the Atlantic, which at that time was considered quite rapid transit. She was the third child of her parents, whose family consisted of five children. namely: Maggie Elizabeth, now deceased; Anna M, the wife of Leonard Trautman, of Germany; Mrs. Hild; Sophia, deceased; and Elizabeth, the wife of Michael Schwarzfisher, of this county.
   To our subject and his estimable wife there have been born nine children, namely: Michael, at home; Elizabeth and Adam, deceased; Ferdinand J., George M., Philip A., Frederick L., Anna C. and Emma L. After his marriage Mr. Hild continued farming in Tazewell County, Ill., until the spring of 1863, when he decided to seek the farther West. He is the owner of 320 acres of land which comprises one of the finest farms in Eight Mile Grove Precinct. He has been the architect of his own fortune, and was fortunate in the selection of a wife and helpmate, Mrs. Hild having proved herself fully its industrious and energetic as he. Politically, our subject votes the Democratic ticket.

ACOB KUNZMANN, now the owner of 400 broad acres of land in Eight Mile Grove Precinct, landed in Plattsmouth, this county, in July, 1867, with a capital of ten cents in his pocket. From that modest beginning and by years of plodding industry, with the exercise of the most careful economy, he has accumulated a snug fortune, and presents an admirable illustration of the results of energy and perseverance. He is numbered among the leading stock-raisers in this part of the county, and has his homestead on section 8, a place which, with all its appurtenances, invariably attracts the admiring attention of the passing traveler. It has taken years of labor and thousands of dollars to bring the property to its present condition, but the owner and projector of this fine estate must certainly feel that his labors have been richly rewarded.
   The enterprising German citizen is found all over the United States where thrift and prosperity abound, and to him is this great commonwealth largely indebted for the development of her best resources. The subject of this sketch has been in nowise behind his countrymen, and has con-

tributed his full quota to their labors and their fame. A native of the Grand Duchy of Baden, he was born on the 22d of August, 1833, and is the son of Christian and Eve Kunzmann, who spent their lives In Germany; their family consisted of five children. Jacob spent his boyhood and youth like the others, a portion of the time in school, receiving a practical education in his native tongue. Later he served an apprenticeship at the trade of shoemaker, at which he worked for a period of seven years. After that he was variously occupied until coming to the United States.
   Mr. Kunzmann remained a single man until twenty-eight years of age, and was then married, Sept. 1, 1861, to Miss Madalena Gebhart, a native of his own Province, and who was born Feb. 2, 1837. Mrs. Kunzmann was orphaned by the death of both parents when a young child, and was reared by her maternal aunt. Our subject and his wife continued to live in the Fatherland until the spring of 1867, then decided to emigrate to America. Securing passage on an ocean steamer at Bremen, they landed in New York City after a voyage of thirteen days, and making their way directly across the Mississippi, came to this county, within whose limits they have since lived.
   Mr. Kunzmann was a resident of Plattsmouth the first four years after coming to America, and employed himself at whatever he could find to do. By the most rigid economy and self-denial on the part of both himself and his estimable wife, they were in the fall of 1877 enabled to settle upon their present farm. This was but little removed from its primitive condition, and our subject worked early and late to develop his land and bring the estate to its present condition. He has been remarkably prosperous, and is now enabled to rest upon his oars and view with satisfaction the result of his arduous labors.
   Four children came to bless the union of our subject and his estimable wife, the eldest of whom, a son, William, is living at home; Emma became the wife of Edward Herman, and they live in Frontier County, this State; Joseph and Charles continue under the home roof. Mr. and Mrs. K. are members in good standing of the German Lutheran Church, and are held in the highest respect by their neighbors and fellow-citizens. Mr. K., politically exercises the right of an independent American citizen, aiming to support the men whom he considers best qualified for office, irrespective of party.

W. PITTMAN, who stands prominently among the solid men of Cass County, can justly be classed with the pioneers of the State, having spent thirty years of his life west of the Missouri River. In 1859 he pre-empted a tract of land in Rock Bluff Precinct, but did not undertake its improvement, preferring to go to Nebraska City, where he engaged in freighting across the plains on his own account, continuing thus engaged for nine years. His route was from the Missouri River to Denver, and he visited at different times all the places of note between the river and the mountains. He also went into Montana Territory, and in 1862 and 1863 visited Virginia City, when the greatest excitement prevailed in the mining regions of that part of the country on account of the discovery of gold. Mr. Pittman invested in mines and operated two at that time, but his ventures were not successful, though he lost nothing peculiarly. His experiences of frontier life have been many and startling, and had we space to rehearse them they would prove most entertaining reading. Mr. Pittman is well acquainted throughout this part of the United States, having always been the same, genial, open-hearted gentleman he now is, making friends of all chance acquaintances, and always retaining their regard and esteem. In 1867, deciding to permanently establish himself in a home of his own, our subject located on a new farm of 160 acres on section 15, Liberty Precinct, which he now occupies. He has since then added to his landed possessions, and is now the proprietor of 560 acres on section 15, eighty acres on section 10, and has a six-acre tract of timber on section 4. His farm is well watered, having running water on every eighty acres, and it is under good improvement. He has it heavily stocked, and pays especial attention to stock raising and feeding, that branch of his business being very lucrative. He is considered one of the founders of Cass County's

present prosperity, as since settling here he has been intimately connected with its growth and development, having contributed liberally toward the advancement of its interests. He has attained his present position by the exercise of his many natural gifts, among which are energy, perseverance, and good financial judgment. On his arrival in Nebraska he was not only a poor man, but was heavily in debt, having met with reverses while in the mercantile business in Iowa. He has since paid up his indebtedness, dollar for dollar, and has a large balance in his exchequer. Meanwhile, besides building up a fine property, he has built up a good name for himself, which, as Scripture saith, "is better to be chosen than great riches."
   We will now turn back in the history of our subject, and give a brief review of his early life. He was born on the 25th of March, 1834, in Harrison County, Ind. (For parental history see sketch of Andrew Pittman.) Our subject is the third son and fourth child born of the first marriage of his father. He was reared in his native county, and after attending its common school for awhile, was sent to the university at Hartsville, where he was a student for several years. After attaining his majority our subject went to Iowa, and supported himself by teaching school and selling dry-goods in Weston, a small town in Marion County. He remained there until he became insolvent, then came to Nebraska to recruit, and finally liquidated all debts, as before mentioned.
   Mr. Pittman was united in marriage, in Marion County, Iowa, to Miss Lydia A. Goodwin. She was born in Madison County, Ind., March 15, 1840. Her parents, Samuel and Susan (Beange) Goodwin, were natives of South Carolina, but moved to Indiana when quite young, and were afterward married in that State. Mr. Goodwin was a farmer and school teacher by occupation, and followed that business in Indiana until his death, which occurred in 1850. Mrs. Goodwin subsequently married again, becoming the wife of Mr. James Baley. After their marriage Mr. and Mrs. Baley removed to Iowa, then to Nebraska, locating first in Cass County, removing thence to Nebrsska (sic) City, where Mrs. Baley died in November, 1883, in the sixty-fourth year of her age. Mrs. Pittman remained with her mother until her marriage with our subject, receiving a good common-school education and thorough instruction in household duties. To our subject and his wife have been born nine children, two of whom, David J. and Stella, died when about two years of age. Of the seven living children, Arelia A. is the wife of J. D. Bramblet, a farmer of Gage County; Melissa J., a talented artist, lives at home; Hattie J. married George L. Schryder, of Weeping Water Precinct; Charles L., James S., Edward A. and Berdie D. are at home.
   Politically, Mr. Pittman is a sound Democrat, believing that within that party he the principles that are the safest guides for our National Government.

ALTER MUTZ may successfully lay claim to the honor of being one of the pioneers of Cass County, where he came with his parents in 1856. He now resides on a well-cultivated farm of 120 acres, located on section 14, Mt. Pleasant Precinct. He was born in Indiana, Jan. 24, 1852. His parents lived in that State until he was about three years old, when the family removed to Mills County, Iowa, where they resided for one year, when they continued their journey to Cass County, Neb., where they settled on a tract of wild in what is now known as Rock Bluff Precinct in Eight Mile Grove. At that day neighbors were few and widely scattered, and in common with the other early settlers of the county, they had their full share of the troubles and trials incident to the life of a Nebraska pioneer. The father, John Mutz, now lives in Nemaha County, Neb., with his aged wife, Phoebe, where they removed from Rock Bluff Precinct several years ago. The parents of Mr Mutz were natives of Pennsylvania; his paternal ancestors were German.
   Our subject is one of a family of eight children; George W., Austin C.; Walter, our subject; William, Otto, Albert, Nettie and Hattie. George W. resides at Plattsmouth, Neb.; Austin C. resides in Nemaha County, near his parents; William resides in Dakota County, Neb.; Otto resides in Keya Paha County, Neb.; Albert resides in Otoe County; Nettie is the wife of John Majors, and now living at

McCook, Neb.; Hattie is the wife of A. T. Stewart, and resides at Omaha. The entire family are classed among the very first and representative pioneers of the State.
   Our subject having been a resident of Cass County since he was three years old, has seen the country develop from a wild, cheerless waste to its present prosperous condition, and without drawing too heavily on imagination, he may be considered to all intents and purposes a native to the manner born. Possessing a fair education, he was engaged as a teacher for three terms. With this exception his entire life has been devoted to farming, in which he has proved eminently successful, bringing a rare degree of skill and intelligence to the business, and ingeniously bringing everything to bear that could in any manner contribute to his advantage and success.
   Mr. Mutz was married, Dec. 29, 1876, to Martha Hall, the daughter of the Hon. James Hall, a resident of Mt. Pleasant Precinct. This couple have become the parents of six very intelligent and interesting children. They are named: Jessie F., Guy R., Katie E., Jay D., John G., and an infant son, Harrison H. He has a large conception of the value of a thorough education, and he is sparing no effort to afford his children such advantages as the country affords, to fit themselves to fill exalted positions in life, with honor and profit, and by giving them these facilities he gives them that which will always be of value; and in the various mutations of life cannot be lost.
   The improvements our subject has put upon his home farm are composed of very substantial buildings, especially designed for the care and economical handling of the stock and the various crops grown on the farm. His residence is neatly and tastefully designed, and is fitted with the latest appliances to reduce the household cares to the minimum, as he feels that it is but due to his good wife that she should have everything obtainable to make her household work, which at best is always heavy, as light as possible.
   The subject of our sketch is a good conversationalist, and one who has not experienced the adventures incident to pioneer life cannot spend an hour to better advantage than to engage Mr. Mutz in conversation, and listen to his narration of the many perils experienced by him in his early years, which are related in such a graphic manner as to carry the listener with him back to those perilous days. In politics this gentleman is a Democrat. He has served on the School Board of his district for a number of years. Both himself and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal Church, are very sociable and hospitable, and take a lively interest in all matters, either social, educational or religious, relating to the general good of their neighborhood.

RS. CHRISTINA RUMMEL, a lady highly esteemed in the community, and the owner of a good farm property on section 21 in Plattsmouth Precinct, is the widow of the late Peter Rummel, who departed this life at their homestead April 24, 1885. They were married in Pike County, Ohio, March 22, 1864, and in November of the following year came to Nebraska Territory, locating in the pioneer days upon the land which Mrs. Rummel now occupies, and from which has been constructed a valuable homestead.
   Peter Rummel was born in Pike County, Ohio, Nov. 8, 1841, was a man of industrious habits, persevering and enterprising, and occupied a good position among the early settlers of Cass County. His parents, Frederick and Angelina (Gloup) Rummel, were natives of Germany, whence they emigrated to America early in life, and settled in Pike County, Ohio, where they still reside. Mr. Rummel was a member in good standing of the United Brethren Church, and belonged to the I. O. O. F., of Plattsmouth, at the time of his decease.
   Mrs. Rummel was born in Pike County, Ohio, June 29, 1842, and is the daughter of Jacob and Mary (Vallery) Vallery, who were natives of Germany, and are residents of this township. The father was a farmer by occupation, and the parental household consisted of eight children; six are now living. To Mr. and Mrs. Rummel there were born four children, all sons, namely; George F., Jacob, William and Edward; the eldest twenty-four years of age and the youngest sixteen. Three of the sons are occupied at farming. The eldest, George F., is