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CRAWFORD TOWNSHIP.

AULD, HON. G. T., farmer and stock-raiser; Sec. 3; P. O. Crawfordsville; is a native of Harrison county, Ohio, and was born February 7, 1825; was raised on a farm; has followed farming as his occupation, and came to this State, settling in Henry county, in 1851; while there he served two terms as member of the board of supervisors, and in the fall of 1875 was elected to represent the county in the Sixteenth General Assembly; came to this county in 1867 and located on his present homestead, which consists of 320 acres; has held various township and school offices; was married in Harrison county, Ohio, September, 1847 to Miss Martha A. Maxwell, of that county; they have by this union a family of five children: John M. (married to Elizabeth Love). Elizabeth J., (wife of J. M. Bailey), Martha A., Nettie M., and Alma J.J.; have lost four sons: Robert M., Wm. W., Samuel R. and George B.; Mr. Auld is of Scotch-Irish descent; his grand parents came from Ireland, but his parents were natives of this country.

BODEN, WILLIAM. farmer; Sec. 29; P. O. Crawfordsville; was born in Marshall county, Virginia in 1821; he was raised there until 1837, and then came to the State of Ohio; his father carried on the blacksmithing business in Virginia, and here he learned the trade and also followed it as an occupation in Ohio; he lived there until May, 1855, when he came to this county and first settled in Oregon township where he lived till 1866, and then came to his present homestead which consist of' 210 acres of well improved land; since he came here he has followed farming as his sole occupation; has held the offices of trustee, supervisor and others; he married in Morgan county, Ohio, in 1844, to Miss Elizabeth Geddes, a native of that State; they have a family of one son and two daughters: Mary Cassie (wife of Wm. S. Randall), Mautie E. (wife of Charles O. Bailey), John W.; the father of

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Mr. Boden was of English descent and his mother of German ancestry.

CRAWFORD, J. W., grain dealer, Crawfordsville; was born in Harrison county, Ohio. September 30, 1825, and was raised there until about sixteen years of age; his father was a native of New York and a medical practitioner by profession; his mother was a native of Ohio and died in 1831; his father then married again and emigrated to this State, settling at what is now Crawfordsville in July 2,1841; the subject of this sketch was raised a farmer and followed farming as an occupation after he came to Iowa; for about twenty-three years he has been engaged in public works, that of bridge building; he is now in the same business in this county with his sons; he worked for a number of years for the railroad which is now completed, the Burlington & Northwestern; he is one of the directors of that road; he was married in 1846 to Miss Jane Crawford, a native of Trumbull county, Ohio; they have six sons and one daughter: J. B., W. D. (a physician in Coal Valley, Illinois), R. E. (a druggist in Coal Valley), Frank H., John R. (attending medical college in Keokuk), T. I. and Minnie; but few men have a better record or have achieved more grand results from a small and discouraging business than the above; he is known as a man of sterling integrity, decided character and untiring energy and receives and merits the esteem and confidence of his fellow citizens.

CUMMINGS, E. B., farmer; Sec. 31; P. O. Crawfordsville; was born in the State of New Hampshire in 1810; when quite young his parents moved to Ohio; he was principally raised in Tuscarawas county on a farm and has followed farming the most of his life; he moved from Ohio in 1840 to St. Clair county, where he lived up to the time of his coming to this county in 1847; he moved on his present homestead of 280 acres in 1849; he was married in Ohio in 1842 to Miss Matilda Young, of that State; they have a family of ten children living, six sons and four daughters: John E., Sylvester C., David R., Alfred, Enos M., Harland E., Emily (wife of Harvey Millhone, deceased), Nancy, Salinda, Lepha (wife of Miles Peck); Mr. Cummings is of' the early settlers of New England.

FERGUSON, W. C., farmer; Sec. 7; P. O. Crawfordsville; was born in East Tennessee in the year 1826; he was raised there and made it his home until he came to this county in the spring of 1851; he settled where he now resides, and owns 440 acres of land, mostly improved; he was raised on a farm and has followed' farming as an occupation all his life; he was married in East Tennessee in 1851 to Miss Ann Trow, of that State; by this union they have a family of two sons and two daughters: Thomas A., Mellie J., S. Belle, William Irwin; as far back as he can trace, the ancestors of Mr. Ferguson are natives of the Southern States, having been born and raised there.

FERGUSON, ANDREW, JR., farmer and stock-raiser; Sec. 5; P. O. Crawfordsville; the subject of this sketch was born in Blunt county, Tennessee, April 5, 1829, and was raised there on a farm until about nineteen years of age; he then spent three years in Bradley county, that State, and on the 9th of April, 1851, came to this State and remained in this and Louisa counties until the 19th of November of that same year; he then went to La Crosse, Wisconsin, and engaged in the lumber business for the first winter, and after that was engaged in various pursuits; November 19, 1853, he returned to this county, purchased 80 acres of land and engaged in farming; when

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the war broke out he enlisted, August 4, 1862, as a private in company I, Twenty-fifth Iowa infantry, and in March, 1863, he was detailed as teamster, serving in that capacity until August of that year; he was then appointed wagon-master of headquarters first division, fifteenth army ,corps, and in February, 1864, received the appointment of corral-master, which, he held until the close of the war; he returned to this county and engaged in his present occupation, which he has since followed; he now owns over 500 acres of good land; was married in this county January 21, 1857, to Miss Mary A. Ferguson; they have by this union a family of two sons and one daughter: Martha ..T., George A., and John: Mr. Ferguson's ancestors on both his father's and mother's side were among the early settlers of this country his father of Scotch and his mother of German descent.

HULL, H. C., physician and surgeon Crawfordsville; was born in Knox county, Ohio, February 3, 1826, and was raised there until the spring of 1850; then went to northeastern Indiana, remained there for two years and then came to this State in July, 1852, locating at Crawfordsville; he is the owner of two farms, one consisting of 157 and the other of 106 acres; he received his early education in his native county and attended the Medical College at Cincinnati, graduating there from in 1852; he has always practiced his profession at Crawfordsville since that time and was the only physician in that place during the war; was married in this county in 1854 to Jane L. Nabb; they have two children living: Dr. J. R. Hull, of Ainsworth, and Maggie (wife of J. B. Crooks, of Washington); Dr. Hull's great grandfather was an Englishman and worked for Washington; his grandfather was a Virginian and came to Ohio at an early day; his ancestors on his mothers side were of German descent; his reputation for professional skill is excellent and his kindly nature and sympathetic disposition makes him a welcome visitor to the sick room.

LEASE, N., proprietor of lumber yard and dealer in general merchandise, Crawfordsville; was born in the State of Virginia in 1829, and was raised there, mostly on a farm until twenty-one years of age; he then came to this county, located in Washington and until 1865 followed farming near that city; he then came to his present location and engaged in the mercantile business, which he has followed since; he owns about 600 acres of land which he rents, all of which is under cultivation; he has started a creamery on some of his land which, no doubt, will be a great success; he was married in this State in 1859 to Miss Mary Kurtz, of Ohio; they have a family of nine children: Lydia M., Susan C., John R., Emma May, Joseph R., N. J., Nellie, Richard, William; in a business point his life has been a grand success and the lesson of his indomitable industry and his unflinching rectitude is now before the young men of the county; let them study it.

LONG, N. L., of the firm of Schwaebe & Long, dealers in dry goods, groceries and clothing, Crawfordsville; was born in Hampshire county, Virginia, February 28, 1843; his parents came to this State when he was only two years of age and settled in this county, but after remaining here for eighteen months they returned to Virginia, and two years later again came to Washington county where he has since made his home; in January, 1864, he enlisted in company I, Thirteenth Iowa infantry, and served until the close of the war, and in February, 1877, he engaged in his present business, al-

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though he had previously followed farming; was married in Henry county in March, 1867, to Miss Martha J. Kurtz, of Iowa; they have six children living: Susanna, Evaretta, Hattie B., Bessilla, Cora Etta, Anna; there are lives more sensational in their career, but none confer greater benefit on society or is more honored than the successful self-made man; his private life, character, and his public record are alike unblemished.

McCALL, J. D., farmer and stock-raiser; Sec. 3; P. O. Crawfordsville; was born in the State of Ohio, in what is now Mahoning county in 1830; he was raised there and made it his home until he came to this county, September 11, 1856; he was raised on a farm and his first occupation was broom making, which he followed up to 1868, and since that time has followed his present occupation; he now owns a finely improved farm of 109 acres; he was married in this county to Miss O. J. Maxwell, of Ohio; they have by this union three daughters: Sarah Lela Rose, Laura Myrtle, and Nellie Dell; Mr. McCall's ancestry on his father's side is of Scotch descent, and on his mother's side of Irish descent; he is a man of cultivation, and much interested in educational matters, a public spirited, generous citizen and one who has an excellent standing in the community.

McCALL, J. F., farmer; Sec. 10; P. O. Crawfordsville; was born in Mahoning county, Ohio, March 31, 1828, and was there raised; he made it his home until October, 1853, when he first visited this county on a prospecting tour and remained only one year, then returning to his home in Ohio; two years later he came back here and engaged in the manufacture of brooms; he then went to Missouri and entered] ,000 acres of ]and; at the same time owned 120 acres in Madison county, which they traded for before he went to Missouri; during that summer he returned to this county and purchased his present homestead of 110 acres of well improved land; he still carried on his broom business, raising his own corn and shipping the goods all over the country; his machine which he brought with him into this county was supposed to be the first in the State; for a number of years he engaged in the stock business and in 1862 discontinued the broom business and since that time has followed his present occupation of farming, at the same time feeding and handling stock; he was married in this county to Miss Maria Culey; she was born in Wayne county, Ohio, September 7, 1838; Mr. McCall was: elected to the office of county supervisor and served two years, and has held various other offices of trust in his township; his father was a native of Washington county, Pennsylvania and his mother was born in Mahoning county, Ohio; in the discharge of all public trusts that have been imposed on him, he has given entire satisfaction and he is highly esteemed by those who know him.

McCLEARY, J. R., farmer; Sec. 4; P. O. Crawfordsvi11e; was born in Pennsylvania in 1835, and was raised there until twenty-two years of age, in Adams county; he emigrated to Knox county, Illinois, in 1858, where he made his home for two years arid then moved to. Schuyler county, same State; in 1865 he came to Louisa county, Iowa, and from there to this county in 1871; he located on his present farm which consists of 245 acres of improved land; he was raised on a farm and has followed farming as an occupation all his life he was married in Schuyler county, Illinois, in 1861, to Miss Margaret O. McCoy, of Ohio; they have by this union four children: John S., J. B., Robert C., Charles W.; the ancestors of Mr. C., whose:

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history is outlined in this sketch, were among the early settlers of this country; his parents were both natives of Pennsylvania.

McCOY, J. B., farmer; Sec. 14; P. O. Crawfordsville; was born in Harrison county, Ohio, in 1834; he was raised there until about twenty-two years of age when he moved to Schuyler county, Illinois, where he lived until the outbreak of the late war when on the 24th of May, 1861, he enlisted in the Sixteenth Illinois Infantry as a member of the brass band, a position which he held until his muster out in 1863; in May, 1864, he re-enlisted in the government service and was put into the car shops; he performed various duties as a soldier and citizen up to the close of the rebellion; in June, 1866, he carne to Iowa and located on his present homestead in this county; he followed his trade of carpenter until about five years ago; he was married in 1868 to Miss Mary R. Pearson; have a family of three children: Jesse H., Mary E. and Charles H.; his father was of Scotch descent and his mother of Welsh ancestry; he is a man that reads a great deal and is well posted on the issues of the day; he takes an interest in the political matters of the day and is very firm in what he believes to be right.

McKEE, WM., farmer; Sec. 29; P. O. Crawfordsville; was born in County Down, Ireland, August 19, 1811; he was raised there and when about eighteen years of age he learned the shoemakers' trade, which he followed as his occupation; in 1840 he emigrated to the United States and located first in Indiana, remaining there only fifteen months and then came to Mt. Pleasant in the fall of 1841; here he worked at his trade of shoemaker, and July 3, 1846, he came to his present location and has lived here ever since; his homestead now consists of 208 acres of improved lands; he was married in his native county, April 30, 1840, to Miss. Nancy J. Kingam of the same county; have by this union three sons and one daughter: Mary J. (wife of Andrew J. Mitchell, now in Kansas), J. A., Wm., S. S.; lost three; his son J. A., enlisted in August, 1862, in company I, Twenty-fifth Iowa infantry and served until the close of the war; Mr. McKee is a cautious, skillful, and prudent man, one who has few equals and fewer superiors.

MAXWELL. J. H., farmer; Sec.9; P. O. Crawfordsville; was born in Harrison county, Ohio, in 1830; he was raised there until about 15years of age, when he emigrated to this county in the spring of 1846; he was raised on a farm, and has followed farming as an occupation during his life; he now owns an improved farm of 175 acres; has been twice married; first in Louisa county, in 1855, to Miss Susannah A. Johnson, who was born in Alabama, and died in the year 1856; he was married to his present wife in 1857; her maiden name was Esther A. Cunningham, of Tennessee; her parents came to this county as early as the fall of 1842; they have by this union three sons and two daughters: Jno. M., Thomas E., Nancy R., James F., and Elizabeth M,; lost two, William C. and Walter E.

NEAL, CALDWELL, farmer;. Sec. 14; P. O. Crawfordsville; was born in Crawford county, Pennsylvania, in 1813; he was raised in that county on a farm, and made. it his home until he moved to Belmont, Ohio, when he was 24 years or age; from there he came to this county in April, 1839 and located in this township, where he has since lived; he was one of the men who located both Washington and Crawfordsville; he located on his present homestead about 1843; previous to that he had followed various occu-

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pations; when the gold fever of California broke out, in 1849, he went .;across the plains by teams, remaining there about two years, then returning to his old home in this county; he owned a farm north of his present homestead, which he sold when he went to California, and, on his return, purchased the one he now owns; he was married in Pennsylvania, August 27, 1836, to Miss Maria L. Anderson, a native of that State; they have by this union a family of three sons living: William M., Samuel W., Cassius M. O. {who was born in Crawfordsville, May 6, 1847); lost one son: Warren S., who enlisted in the Twenty-fifth Iowa infantry, and died near Vicksburg; Wm. M. was in the Eighth Iowa, and Samuel W. was in the twenty-fifth Iowa: Mr. Neal is one of the pioneer settlers of the county, a man of excellent character, and a valuable citizen.

SCHWAEBE, FRED, retired merchant, Crawfordsville; was born in Prussia, January 26, 1812, and lived there until 1838, and then came to the United States; in his early boyhood he worked at wagon making and after his coming to America he followed the same trade until 1850; he first settled in Belmont county, Ohio, and after remaining there for seven years he came to Iowa in 1845, and settled in Crawfordsvil1e; in 1852 he engaged in the mercantile business, which he followed up to the time of his retirement from business, which was in March 1878; he was married in Prussia in 1835 to Miss Caroline Otta, who died in 1864, leaving a family of three children; they lost five: Augusta, Bertie, Louisa, William, Rebecca; of the three children only one is now living, HENRY O. SCHWAEBE of the firm of Schwaebe & Long, dealers in general merchandise and clothing, Crawfordsville; he was born in Crawfordsville, this county, December 19, 1848, and has always lived here; when young his father was engaged in the mercantile business, and he has always been in a store more or less; he was in co-partnership with his father for five years previous to his engaging in his present business he was married in this county and town in 1870 to Miss S. A. Lewis, a native of Ohio; they have a family of two children living: Fredrick and Lewis; the career of Mr. Fred Schwaebe has been both honorable and successful and he has always enjoyed the confidence and respect of the community, in which he has resided, and among the successful young men of the county, none are more highly respected than Mr. Henry Schwaebe, as a business man he is persevering energetic and industrious; we predict for him a bright future.

STEWART, J. H., dealer in drags and books, Crawfordsville; was born in Ohio in 1840, and was raised there until he came to this State; he first settled in this county at his present location; he was raised partly on a farm, as his rather was engaged in farming and also in the mercantile business, and he was more or less in the store as a clerk; his father was also engaged in coal mining, shipping coal to Cleveland, and the subject of this sketch was in that business from the time he was of age; in 1866 he engaged in the drug business, which he followed up to the time of his coming to this county, he then entered upon his present business and has followed it ever since; he was married in his native State in 1862 to Miss Rachel Moore, of the same State; they have by this union a family of three children living: Anna R., Mary A., Charles W.; one deceased: James F; he was elected justice of the peace in 1876, which office, he now holds; his ancestry on his father's side is traced back to the early settlement of the

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country; on his mother's side (her name was Mary Walker), to the early pioneers; her father was captain in the United States army, in the War of 1812; Mr. Stewart is a man of good, sound understanding, of large practical experience and of genial manners; he is one of the fortunate individuals, who almost invariably succeed in what they undertake.

STRAIN, FRANKLIN. farmer; Sec. 24; P. 0, Crawfordsville; is a native of Mercer county, Pennsylvania; was born in 1839; when three years of age his parents came to this county and settled upon land, a part of which now comprises his present homestead; he was raised on a farm and has followed farming all his life; he now owns eighty acres of improved land; he was married in this county in 1862, to Miss Margaret J. Smylie, a native of Iowa; they have one daughter living: Nellie J.; have lost one; Mr. Strain's parents have died since they came to this county; his ancestry on his father's side is of Irish descent; his mother was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Mr., Strain is a man of genial disposition, kind and obliging in his nature, and always pleasant in conversation; his interests are closely identified with those of the county as the principal part of his life has been spent here.

TWINAM, ABRAM, farmer; Sec, 9; p, O. Crawfordsville; was born in Trumbull county, Ohio. in 1840, and came with his parents to this county and has followed farming as an occupation; was married in this county in February 1866, to Miss Mary C., Ferguson, of Tennessee; by this union they have a family of five children: Matilda A., William D, David B., Margaret R. J., Lorenzo L.; Mr. Twinam is an excellent manager and one who thoroughly understands farming; he commands the confidence and respect of his fellow citizens.

TITUS, JNO. D. R., proprietor of the Iowa Rouse, Crawfordsville; is a native of Marion county, Ohio; was born on the 16th day of February, 1851; and when four years of age emigrated with his parents to Iowa and settled in Washington township, and has been a permanent resident of the county ever since that time; he was raised on a farm and followed it as his principal occupation until he engaged in his present business November 5, 1879; he married Miss Jennie Jackson. April 15, 1875; she is a native of Canada; they have by this union, one daughter: Edith; was born July 7, 1877,

WHITE, JAMES, farmer and stock-raiser; Sec. 10; P. O. Crawfordsville; the subject of this sketch is a native of Lawrence county, Pennsylvania; was born January 24, 1818; he was raised on his father's old homestead until he became of age when he purchased a farm adjoining, living there until his coming to this county, in December, 1865; he located on his present homestead which he had previously purchased, and now owns over 500 acres of good land; he was married in Pennsylvania in 184:5, to Miss Margaret J. White, of the same county; they have no family; Mr. White traces his ancestry back on his father's side to Irish descent, and in that of his mother to the old English stock; he came to this county on a prospecting tour shortly after his marriage, but there not being enough attraction he did not then settle; in his business transaction he is clear and transparent and has the unlimited confidence of everyone with whom he has any intercourse; his sociable qualities are admirable and his moral character irreproachable.

WHITE, SAMUEL F., farmer; Sec. 1; P. O. Crawfordsville; was born in Washington county, Penn

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sylvania in 1833; when about twelve years of age his parents emigrated to Jefferson county, Ohio, where he lived up to the time that he came to this county; this was in the spring of 1861, and he located on his pleasant homestead which consists of 160 acres; he was raised on a farm and has always followed farming as an occupation; he married in Ohio, November 2, 1860, Miss Mary J. Frederick. of the same county; they have ten children living: Martha J., David R., Edwin S., John F., Stella N., Ramsey A., Maggie, Mary, Saide :and Jesse.

YEAGER, H. B., farmer; Sec. 11; P. O. Crawfordsville; is a native of Vinton county, Ohio; was born in 1844; when about twelve years of age his parents moved to this State and settled in this county; when in Ohio he learned the harness
making trade, and after coming to this county he followed various occupations until the breaking out of the war; he then enlisted in company I, Twenty-fifth Iowa infantry and served about eighteen months; his enlistment was February 29, 1864; after his return from the army he again came to Crawfordsville and engaged in the harness business in which he continued until the spring of 1871, when he engaged in his present occupation which he has since followed; he owns an improved farm of 160 acres; he was married, in this county in 1868, to Miss S. A. Moore, of Tennessee; they have by this union a family of four children: Alice May, Geo. Robt., Eva A., Charles; his characteristics as a farmer and business man may be inferred from the success which has attended his career.

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